Unit 5What were you doing when the rainstorm came ? 基础知识 强化练 2024-2025学年下学期初中英语人教版八年级下册
一、翻译
默写下列单词。
1.光;光线;光亮n.
2.地域;地区n.
3.木;木头n.
4.窗;窗户n.
5.手电筒;火炬n.
6.火柴n.
7.倚;碰;撞 prep.
8.分离;分开adv.
9.覆盖着冰的;冰冷的adj.
10.开玩笑;欺骗v.
11.暴风雨n. →(同义词)
12.风n. →多风的adj.
13.报道;公布v. & n. →记者n.
14.敲打;打败v. →(过去式)
15.睡着adj. →睡觉v. 睡眠n.
16.升起;增加;提高v. & n. →(过去式)
17.倒下的;落下的adj. →倒塌;跌倒;掉落v.
默写下列单词。
18.理解;领会;认识到v.
19.章节;段落n.
20.学生n.
21.彻底地;完全地adv.
22.惊愕的;受震惊的adj.
23.沉默;缄默;无声n.
24.不久前;最近adv.
25.恐怖主义者;恐怖分子n.
26.日期;日子n.
27.塔;塔楼n.
28.实情;事实n. →真的;符合事实的adj. →真正地;确实adv.
二、填空
默写下列短语。
29.确保;保证
30.起初;起先
31.进入梦乡;睡着
32.逐渐变弱;逐渐消失
33.醒来
34.打扫(或清除)干净
35.把……破坏/分开
36.拍照
37.打开收音机
38.立刻;马上
39.看一看
默写下列短语。
40.在路边
41.等待……
42.走过
43.学校篮球赛
44.前往;费力地前进
45.例如
46.沉默;无声
47.拆除;往下拽;记录
48.从……向外看
49.说实话
三、 用所给单词的适当形式填空
50.I didn’t fall (sleep)until 11: 00 last night.
51.My father was cleaning the car while I (sweep)the floor.
52.It’s been raining (heavy)all day.
53.--- What you (do)when he arrived --- I (write)a letter at that time.
54.You’re (kid). Li Lei didn’t tell me about that.
55.He has trouble in (learn) English.
56.You should tell us the (true).
57.He was late for school because of (get)up late.
58.Kim didn’t pass the exam. So he walked home in (silent).
59.I don’t know the (mean)of the word. I should look it up in the dictionary.
60.I trust him (complete).
61.I had a difficult time (find) my lost bike.
62.If I become a teacher, I will be able (have) two vacations a year.
63.Whenever you have a chance (speak) English, you should take it.
64.My parents were completely (shock) when they heard the news.
65.He has trouble in (learn) English.
66.You should tell us the (true).
67.Her mother (cook) at 6:30 yesterday.
68.Father still (sleep)when I (get)up yesterday morning.
69.Grandma (cook)breakfast while I (wash)my face this morning.
70.Doctor Liu was on duty last night. He still (talk)with his patients in the hospital at 10 p.m.
71.I (read)a history book when someone (knock)at the door.
72.After the rainstorm, (fall) trees and broken windows were everywhere.
73.The rain was (heavy) against the windows.
74.Everyone felt ( shock) at the accident.
四、完成句子
根据下列汉语意思完成句子
75.风逐渐变弱, 太阳出来了。
The wind was and the sun rose.
76.当他醒来时,他爸爸正在看着他。
When he , his father was watching him.
77.不要打我的脸。
Don’t me the face.
78.他迟到了,因为他的闹钟没响。
He was late because his alarm didn’t .
79.那时他正在等他爸爸。
He was his father at that time.
80.Lucy和Lily昨天下午4点钟在游泳。
Lucy and Lily at4:00 p.m. yesterday
81.这个周末将要有一场大雨。
There will be this weekend.
82.起初, 他不相信这个事实。
, he didn’t believe the .
83.昨晚发生火灾时你正在干什么
What you when the fire last night
84.在困难时期我们要相互帮助。
We should help each other .
五、完成句子
85.The black suitcase is too heavy for me to carry.(改为同义句)
The black suitcase is heavy I can’t carry it.
86.She was doing her homework at that time.(对画线部分提问)
was she at that time
87.She said to me, “What are you doing at the moment ”(改为宾语从句)
She asked me at that moment.
88.What were you doing when the storm came (改为同义句)
What were you doing the storm
89.Someone killed the lady last year.(改为被动语态)
The lady by someone last year.
六、补全对话
根据对话内容,从选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,有两项多余。
A: 90
B: I was flying a kite.
A: 91
B: By the river. A lot of children were flying kites there, too.
A: It blew yesterday, didn’t it
B: 92 It was good weather for flying a kite.
A: 93
B: Zhang Lei and Liu Hua. They bought two new kites and got there earlier than I did.
A: Did you enjoy yourselves yesterday
B: 94
A.Who helped you to mend the kite
B.What were you doing yesterday afternoon
C.Who did you fly kites with
D.Yes, but the wind wasn’t strong.
E.Were you very busy yesterday
F.Where did you fly the kite
G.Yes, we did. We played there for about three hours.
参考答案
1.light 2.area 3.wood 4.window 5.torch 6.match 7.against 8.separately 9.icy
10.trick 11. storm rainstorm 12. wind windy 13. report reporter 14. beat beat 15. asleep sleep 16. rise rose 17. fallen fall
1.light表示“光,光线”,用作不可数名词,故填light。
2.area表示“地域,地区”,是可数名词,故填area。
3.wood表示“木,木头”,是不可数名词,故填wood。
4.window意思是“窗户”,用作名词,故填window。
5.torch意思是“手电筒,火炬”,是可数名词,故填torch。
6.match表示“火柴”,是可数名词,故填match。
7.against表示“倚,靠,碰”,用作介词,故填against。
8.separately表示“分离,分开”,用作副词,故填separately。
9.icy表示“覆盖着冰的”,是形容词,故填icy。
10.trick表示“开玩笑,欺骗”,用作及物动词,故填trick。
11.storm表示“暴风雨”,用作名词,其同义词是“rainstorm”。故填storm; rainstorm。
12.wind“风”,用作名词,其形容词形式是windy,故填wind; windy。
13.report表示“报道,公布”,用作动词或名词;reporter用作名词,意思是“记者”,故填report; reporter。
14.beat表示“敲打,打败”,用作动词,其过去式不变,故填beat; beat。
15.asleep意思是“睡着的”,用作用形容词;其动词和名词形式是sleep“睡觉”,故填asleep; sleep。
16.rise意思是“升起,增加,提高”,用作动词,其过去式是rose,故填rise; rose。
17.fallen表示“倒下的,落下的”,用作形容词,其动词形式是fall“跌倒,掉落”,故填fallen; fall。
18.realize 19.passage 20.pupil 21.completely 22.shocked 23.silence 24.recently 25.terrorist 26.date 27.tower 28. truth true truly
18.realize意为“理解;领会;认识到”,是动词,故填realize。
19.passage意为“章节;段落”,是名词,故填passage。
20.pupil意为“学生”,是名词,故填pupil。
21.completely意为“彻底地;完全地”,是副词,故填completely。
22.shocked意为“惊愕的;受震惊的”,是形容词,故填shocked。
23.silence意为“沉默;缄默;无声”,是名词,故填silence。
24.recently意为“不久前;最近”,是副词,故填recently。
25.terrorist意为“恐怖主义者;恐怖分子”,是名词,故填terrorist。
26.date意为“日期;日子”,是名词,故填date。
27.tower意为“塔;塔楼”,是名词,故填tower。
28.truth意为“实情;事实”,是名词;其形容词形式为true,意为“真的;符合事实的”;其副词形式为truly,意为“真正地;确实”,故填truth;true;truly。
29.make sure 30.at first 31.fall asleep 32.die down 33.wake up 34.clean up 35.break…apart 36.take photos 37.turn on the radio 38.right away 39.have a look
29.确保;保证:make sure,为动词短语。故填make sure。
30.起初;起先:at first,为介词短语,在句中常作时间状语,位于句首或句末。故填at first。
31.睡觉:sleep;进入梦乡;睡着:fall asleep。故填fall asleep。
32.逐渐变弱;逐渐消失:die down,为动词短语。故填die down。
33.醒来:wake up,为动词短语,跟代词时应放中间。故填wake up。
34.打扫:clean;打扫(或清除)干净:clean up,跟代词时应放中间。故填clean up。
35.破坏:break;把……破坏/分开:break…apart。故填break…apart。
36.照片:photos;拍照:take photos。故填take photos。
37.打开:turn on;收音机:radio;打开收音机:turn on the radio。故填turn on the radio。
38.立刻;马上:right away,常作时间状语位于句末。故填right away。
39.看:look;看一看:have a look。故填have a look。
40.by the side of the road 41.wait for 42.walk by 43.the school basketball competition 44.make one’s way 45.for example 46.in silence 47.take down 48.look out of 49.tell the truth
40.路:road;边:side;在路边:by the side of the road,在句中常作地点状语。故填by the side of the road。
41.等待:wait,“等待某人”则需用介词for,故填wait for。
42.走:walk;走过:walk by,为动词短语。故填walk by。
43.学校:school;篮球:basketball;比赛,竞赛:competition。学校篮球比赛:the school basketball competition。故填the school basketball competition。
44.前往;费力地前进:make one’s way,动词短语。故填make one’s way。
45.例如:for example,其后跟句子,故填for example。
46.沉默;无声:in silence,介词短语,故填in silence。
47.拆除;往下拽;记录:take down,若跟代词则放中间,故填take down。
48.看:look;外面:out;从……向外看:look out of。故填look out of。
49.说实话:tell the truth,动词短语,故填tell the truth。
50.asleep 51.was sweeping 52.heavily 53. were doing was writing 54.kidding 55.learning 56.truth 57.getting 58.silence 59.meaning 60.completely 61.finding 62.to have 63.to speak 64.shocked 65.learning 66.truth 67.was cooking 68. was sleeping got 69. was cooking was washing 70. was talking 71. was reading knocked 72.fallen 73.heavily 74.shocked
50.句意:昨天晚上我直到11点才睡着。根据fall 在这里做系动词,表示“进入(某种状态)”,所以后用形容词做表语;fall asleep睡着;故填asleep
51.句意:当我扫地时,我爸爸正在擦车。根据My father was cleaning the car我爸爸正在擦车,while引导的时间状语从句和主句的动作同时进行,所以也用过去进行时态;故填was sweeping
52.句意:整天都在下答语。根据副词修饰动词raining,故填heavily
53.句意:——当他到达时,你在做什么?——那时我在写信。根据when he arrived可知主句用过去进行时态,根据at that time.可知用过去进行时态,故填(1). were (2). doing (3). was writing
54.句意:你在开玩笑吧,李磊没告诉我那件事。根据You’re可知是现在进行时态;故填kidding
55.句意:他在学英语上有困难。根据in介词,后用doing形式;故填learning
56.句意:你应该告诉我们真相。根据句意可知用名词形式;故填truth
57.句意:他上学迟到了,因为起晚了。根据of介词,后用doing形式;故填getting
58.句意:Kim没通过考试,因此他默默地走回家。根据in silence默默地;故填silence
59.句意:我不知道这个单词的意思,我应该查查词典。根据the meaning of ---的意思,这里用名词形式;故填meaning
60.句意:我完全相信他。根据副词修饰动词trust;故填completely
61.句意:我很难找到我丢的自行车。根据have a difficult time doing很难做某事;故填finding
62.句意:如果我成为一个老师,我一年将会有两个假期。根据be able to do能做某事;故填to have
63.句意:无论你什么时候有机会说英语,你应该利用它。根据have a chance to do有机会做某事;故填to speak
64.句意:当我父母听到这个消息时,他们完全被震惊了。根据主语My parents和shock之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态;故填shocked
65.句意:他在学英语上有困难。根据in介词,后用doing形式;故填learning
66.句意:你应该告诉我们真相。根据句意可知用名词形式;故填truth
67.句意:昨天6点半时她妈妈在做饭。根据at 6:30 yesterday.可知用过去进行时态;故填was cooking
68.句意:当我昨天早晨起床时,爸爸仍然在睡觉。根据when I ______(get)up yesterday morning.和get是短暂性动词用过去时态,主句用过去进行时态;故填(1). was (2). sleeping (3). got
69.句意:今天早晨当我在洗脸时,奶奶在做早饭。根据while可知主句和从句的动作同时发生,根据this morning可知用过去进行时态;故填(1). was cooking (2). was washing
70.句意:刘医生昨天晚上值班,晚上10点在医院里他仍然在和病人交谈。根据at 10 p.m.和last night.可知用过去进行时态;故填(1). was (2). talking
71.句意:当有人敲门时,我在读一本历史书。由when引导的时间状语从句,主句用过去进行时态,从句用一般过去时态;故填(1). was reading (2). knocked
72.句意:暴风雨后,倒地的树和破碎的窗户到处都是。根据fallen落下来的,形容词,修饰名词trees做定语;故填fallen
73.句意:雨在重重地敲打着窗户。根据副词修饰against;故填heavily
74.句意:在交通事故中,每个人都震惊了。根据felt 系动词,后用形容词,shocked震惊的,形容词做表语;故填shocked
75. dying down 76. woke up 77. hit in 78. go off 79. waiting for 80. were swimming 81. a heavy rain 82. At first truth 83. were doing happened 84. in times of difficulty
75.由rose可知本句时态用过去时。根据中英文对照可知句中缺少固定短语“逐渐变弱”,英文表达是die down,所以这里应用过去进行时表示风力减小的一个过程,die的现在分词是dying,故答案填(1). dying (2). down
76.根据中英文对照可知句中缺少固定短语“醒来”,英文表达是wake up;根据后半句his father was watching him可知时态用过去时,wake的过去式为woke,故答案填(1). woke (2). up
77.由句意可知本句为祈使句,Don’t后接动词原形。“打某人的脸”英文表达是hit sb.in the face,故答案填(1). hit (2). in
78.通过中英文句子的对比,可知英文句子中缺少固定短语“响起、发出声响”,英文表达是go off;由题干中的was可知本句时态为一般过去时,设空处前面有否定助动词didn’t,所以这里应用go off原形形式,故答案填(1). go (2). off
79.通过中英文句子的对比,可知英文句子中缺少固定短语“等候”,英文表达是wait for;根据时间状语at that time“那时、正在”可知本题时态应用过去进行时,其构成是“was/were+动词现在分词”,本句主语he,所以系动词用was,wait的现在分词是waiting,故答案填(1). waiting (2). for
80.根据时间状语at4:00 p.m. yesterday是过去具体的时间点,过去具体的时间点应用过去进行时,其结构为:was/were+动词现在分词;主语是Lucy and Lily,所以系动词用were;“游泳”英文表达是swim,其现在分词是swimming,故答案填(1). were (2). swimming
81.分析题干可知本题是there be的一般将来时,通过中英文句子的对比,可知英文句子中缺少“一场大雨”,因英文表达是a heavy rain,故答案填(1). a (2). heavy (3). rain
82.根据中英文对比可知,本题考查固定短语“起初”,英文表达是at first,因其位于句首,所以at首字母要大写;“事实”,名词,作believe的宾语,英文表达是truth,故答案填(1). At(2). first (3). truth
83.分析题干可知此题考查过去进行时,结构为主语+was/were+动词现在分词,主语是you;对应的be动词是are,过去式是were;做:doing;when the fire happened last night,做时间状语从句,火灾发生是一般过去时,happen过去式happened.此题考查当一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行;故答案填(1). were (2). doing (3). happened
84.根据中英文对比可知,本题考查固定短语“在困难时期”,英文表达是in times of difficulty,故答案填(1). in (2). times (3). of (4). difficulty
点睛:做根据汉语意思完成句子,首先要通读汉语,了解这个句子所要表达的意思;然后再阅读英文,找出其中要考查的内容,观察一下要求翻译的汉语,然后想一下相关的词汇、句型,并考虑时态、语态、词形的变化、主谓一致等问;最后翻译出所缺的英文部分。如,第2小题,考查固定短语“醒来”,英文表达是wake up,本句时态为过去时,故答案填(1). woke (2). up;第6小题,根据时间状语at4:00 p.m. yesterday是过去具体的时间点,可知时态用过去进行时,主语是Lucy and Lily,所以系动词用were;“游泳”swim的现在分词是swimming,故答案填(1). were (2). swimming。
85. so that
句意:那个黑色的手提箱太重了,我搬不动。too+形容词/副词+to do sth表示“太……以至于不能做某事”,可以改写成以so+形容词/副词+that引导的结果状语从句。故填so;that。
86. What doing
句意:她当时正在做作业。画线部分是动作,对其提问用特殊疑问词what;另外本句是过去进行时:was doing。所以第二空应用doing代替画线部分动作。故填What;doing。
87. what I was doing
句意:她对我说:“你现在在做什么?”变为宾语从句,要用陈述语序:连接词(what)+主语(I)+谓语。人称you要变为第一人称I,因为主句是一般过去时,所以从句要用过去进行时:was doing。故填what;I;was;doing。
88. at the time of
句意:当暴风雨到来的时候你正在做什么?根据语境“…when the storm came”译为“当暴风雨来的时候”,是一个从句;“at the time of”译为“当……时”,按照语法功能,它是一个副词短语,后面可接名词短语。故填at;the;time;of。
89. was killed
句意:去年有人杀了这位女士。原句时态为一般过去时,应改为一般过去时的被动语态,其构成为were/was done。主语“The lady”是第三人称单数,be动词应用was,kill的过去分词是killed。故填was;killed。
90.B 91.F 92.D 93.C 94.G
本文是一篇对话,主要是其中一人讲述了昨天下午放风筝的事情。
90.根据“ I was flying a kite.”可知此处是在询问对方做了什么。选项B“昨天下午你在干什么?”符合语境,故选B。
91.根据“By the river”可知此处是在询问在哪里放风筝的。选项F“你在哪里放风筝?”符合语境,故选F。
92.根据“ It blew yesterday, didn’t it ”可知此处是在回答关于风的事情。选项D“是的,但是风不太大。”符合语境,故选D。
93.根据“ Zhang Lei and Liu Hua. They bought two new kites and got there earlier than I did.”可知此处是在询问和哪些人一起放风筝。选项C“你和谁一起放风筝?”符合语境,故选C。
94.根据“Did you enjoy yourselves yesterday ”可知此处是在回答昨天玩的怎么样。选项G“是的,我们玩的很开心。我们在那里玩了大约三个小时。”符合语境,故选G。
精品试卷·第 2 页 (共 2 页)
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