专题07 动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
目录 01 模拟基础练 【题型一】时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单句语法填空）（最新模拟） 【题型二】时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单项选择）（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单句语法填空）
1.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三上学期一模）Some great African civilizations such as the Great Benin Empire, Ancient Egypt, had a highly organized society, which was developed, (stand) out in trade and grew stronger in culture.
2.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三上学期一模）Between 11 and 15 million Africans (ship) overseas and sold into slavery. Over the years, the wars have become into a more complex and complicated problem.
3.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三上学期月考）Like many young Africans, Jean Philippe N’ Dri’s interest in Kung Fu began with martial arts movies. During his second year of college, he joined the martial arts club. With the assistance of the club, he, together with other 5 students (give)the opportunity to visit the Shaolin Temple in China’s Henan province.
4.（2025·云南省保山市高三上学期摸底）Before the opening of the China-Laos Railway, Laos only
(have) a 3.5-km railway transporting cargo to and from Thailand.
5.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The trend for Indian film production companies to become partners with western filmmakers (link) to the overall growth of the industry and its patterns as well.
6.（2025·湖北省腾云联盟高三上学期8月联考）Since June 2020,the Laos-China Railway Co has recruited and trained Lao trainees and more than 800 Lao employees, or over 90 percent of the trainees, （assign）specific positions.
7.（2025·山东省第一次备考监测联考）Historically, Chinese silk made its way to Rome even before the beginning of the Common Era (时代). The Silk Road ______ (facilitate) the exchange of Chinese culture with the West, while Western culture found its way to the East.
8.（2025·海南省海口市高三摸底）In 2006, the traditional festival ______ (list) as part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage.
9.（2025·海南省海口市高三摸底）In 2008, it ______ (be) recognized as a public holiday in the Chinese mainland.
10（2025·安徽省皖豫名校联盟高三十月联考）“When I did rehearsals (排练) with the local musicians, I ________ (attract) by their cooperation in spite of the long flight.”
11.（2025·湖北省重点高中智学联盟高三上学期8月联考） After the system was finished, no more floods
(occur).
12.（2025·辽宁省普通高中高三期中）East China’s Shandong province, where the Yellow River flows into the sea, is promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism. So far, Shandong (launch) many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River to boost the high-quality development of the region.
13.（2025·安徽省芜湖市第一中学教学质量诊断）Jingxi Taiping Drum is a traditional form of dancing that is popular in Mentougou District of Beijing. The earliest historical references of this art (date) back to the Spring and Autumn Period and describe how it was initially used in ceremonies to drive away bad spirits and pray for good fortune.
14.（2025·安徽省芜湖市第一中学教学质量诊断）Traditional Chinese aesthetic (美学的) concepts (reflect) in the drum playing, pace and formation changes, all of which represent distinctive local features.
15.（2025·广东省茂名市区域高三联考）Participating in these activities can (strength) social bonds and foster a sense of community.
16.（2025·广东省茂名市区域高三联考）Another significant tradition is the Zhuang people’s dietary habits. Their cuisine usually (use) fresh, locally-sourced ingredients, like vegetables, grains and herbs.
17.（2025·河南省部分学校高三大联考）Cultural reputation and soaring sorghum costs (see) Moutai prices skyrocket over the past few years.
18.（2025·江苏省海安高级中学高三月考）In the rich variety of Chinese cuisine, Nian Gao, a traditional glutinous rice (糯米) cake, (hold) a special place, especially during Chinese New Year celebrations.
19.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）Four treasures of the study —brush, ink, paper and ink slab (端砚) , cannot be ignored when we appreciate and understand Chinese calligraphy and traditional painting. It is widely accepted that the best of each of these items (represent) by the Hu brush, Hui ink stick, Xuan paper, and Duan ink slab.
20.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）Hence, it (be) a main type of paper for traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting.
21.（2025·辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟高三月考）Since July 2019, China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme __________ (carry) out a new service of picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai.
22.（2025·广东省汕尾市四校联考高三上学期10月考）A report showed that the market value of secondhand items rose from 300 billion yuan in 2015 to over l trillion yuan in 2020, and________(expect) to hit 3 trillion yuan in 2025.
23.（2025·广西名校联盟高三适应性检测）The drop site is at the top of a watchtower along the Badaling section of the Great Wall, an area previously untouched by commercial activities as it ______ (protect) by planning regulations.
24.（2025·广西名校联盟高三适应性检测）While drone delivery is new to Beijing, the technology ______ (exist) in other parts of China for several years.
25.（2025·沧州市普通高中高三复习质量监测）So far this year more than 100 million people ________ (buy) flowers, plants and related gardening goods online.
26.（2025·辽宁省辽南协作体高三月考）So far, the imported coffee business________ (embrace) the Chinese style and culture to create a new image for coffee as a lifestyle beverage.
27.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三上学期8月摸底）The market for bubble tea has a significant fruit flavor category that (provide) consumers with a variety of delicious choices.
28.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三上学期8月摸底）Nowadays, strawberries and mango can 42 (mix) for a special flavor and the green tea category is expected to grow at the fastest speed.
29.（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三质检）Many of the city’s iconic landmarks and structures, such as the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre Museum, and Place de la Concorde, (situate)along its banks.
30.（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三质检）In the 17th century, swimming in the Seine was very popular. But for the last hundred years, it (prohibit) due to health and safety concerns.
31.（2025·福建省宁德市蕉城区宁德第一中学高三一模）The new catalyst, designed by researchers at City University Hong Kong (City U) and tested by fellows at Imperial College London, could (scale) up for mass use.
32.（2025·广东省部分学校高三上学期8月大联考）Chinese scientists have found a new plant species of Oreocharis (马铃苣苔属) in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, according to the Chengdu Institute of Biology (CIB) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The findings, made by researchers from the CIB and Guangxi Institute of Botany of the CAS, (publish) recently in the journal Ecology and Evolution.
33.（2025·广东省深圳市罗湖区高三上学期第一次摸底）There have already been numerous in-depth studies on the potential job losses caused by the large-scale application of AI, and many a solution (propose), including slowing down the pace of AI technology application, assisting in reemployment, and imposing AI taxes. Now, the overnight popularity of Sora reminds people that it is time to accelerate, refine and implement these measures.
34.（2025·河北省衡水中学第一次综合素养测评）For those who cannot make it to Guanghan, where the extensive site of Sanxingdui is located, an immersive exhibition equipped with digital technology, titled Hello Sanxingdui,
(offer) an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture. It is running at the Longfu Art Museum in Beijing until Feb 29.
35.（2025·河北省衡水中学第一次综合素养测评）On show life-size reproductions of dozens of astonishing artifacts, supervised by Sanxingdui Museum, such as 2.6-meter bronze statues, 3.8-meter-wide bronze masks and “the holy tree” standing nearly 4 meters.
题型二 时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单项选择）
1．（2025·天津市部分区高三期中）I ________ in Tianjin for three years before I went to Beijing last year.
A．lived B．have lived C．was living D．had lived
2．（2025·天津市滨海新区大港第一中学高三期中）Dr. Smith, together with his wife and children, ______ visit Beijing this summer.
A．is going to B．are going to C．was going to D．were going to
3．（2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中）It was the fourth time that Mr Smith ______ the Summer Palace.
A．has visited B．visited C．visits D．had visited
4．（2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中）—We have a successful opening ceremony.
—Yes. Our headmaster ______ all the students ______ his good speech.
A．impressed; by B．has impressed; with C．made; by D．has made; with
5．（2025·天津市天津市河北区高三期中）—— Did you discuss the problem with Mr. Liu in detail
—— No. When I got to his office, he _________ an important meeting, so we had only a few words.
A．left for B．was leaving for
C．has left for D．had left for
6．（2025·天津市红桥区复兴中学高三月考）I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and _________ to it since.
A．subscribed B．had subscribed
C．have subscribed D．was subscribing
7．（2025·天津市滨海新区大港第三中学高三月考）White and Karin set up an animal hospital in 2017. Since then, they ______ about 4,000 sea creatures.
A．treated B．are treating C．have treated D．had treated
8．（2025·天津市第一中学高三月考）Large quantities of information gathered from extensive’ research studies _________ valuable insights into the trends affecting global health outcomes.
A．provide B．has been providing C．provides D．is providing
9．（2025·天津市第五十四中学高三月考）By the time you graduate from college, great changes _________ in your hometown.
A．will take place B．have been taken
C．are going to take place D．will have taken place
10．（2025·天津市南仓中学高三月考）—When can I get paid
—I can give you the pay if you _________ all the work.
A．will have completed B．will be completing
C．completed D．have completed
11．（2025·天津市蓟州区第一中学高三学情调研）Nothing in my life ________ strong enough to stop me achieving my goals so far and I don’t think anything will be.
A．have been B．has been C．are D．is
12．（2025·新疆维吾尔自治区石河子第一中学高三月考）Don’t play computer games too long; otherwise you will _____ them.
A．become addicted B．be addict to
C．become addicted to D．became addicted to
13．（2025·新疆维吾尔自治区石河子第一中学高三月考）The old couple are very excited because they ______ Europe next month.
A．are visiting B．are going to visiting C．would visit D．will be visiting
14．（2025·天津市第一中学高三第二次检测）Just as Edison ________ it, “Modern technology ________ ecology an apology.”
A．says; owes B．puts; makes C．said; owed D．put; owes
15．（2025·四川省眉山第一中学高三入学考）Great changes place in my hometown in the past ten years.
A．took B．have taken C．takes D．have been taken
16．（2025·广东省深圳中学高三第一次摸底）Our air-conditioners __________ well, but decades of years ago, no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they ___________.
A．sell; were to have B．are sold; were having
C．sell; have had D．are sold; had had
17．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）—Are you ________ your dog —Yes, but I can’t ________ it.
A．look for, find B．find, look for C．looking for, find D．finding, look for
18．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）—Hey! Kate, what about your last winter camp in Hainan
—Oh! It _________ some sweet memories in my heart in the past several months.
A．leaves B．is leaving C．has left D．will leave
19．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）— I didn’t go back to my hometown for Spring Festival because of COVID-19.
— _________. This is the most special festival that I _________.
A．So did I; spent B．Neither did I; have spent
C．Neither did I; spent D．So it is; have spent
20．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）If you heat ice, it ________ into water.
A．turns B．turned C．was turning D．has turned
21．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）A:Where is Jenny I can’t find her, but I can hear her playing the violin.
B:She is in the garden, but she is ________.Her brother is________.
A．practice; playing the violin B．practicing; to play the violin
C．not practicing; playing the violin D．not practice; to playing the violin
22．（2025·广东省江门市第一中学高三开学考）The Perseverance explorer, ________ by the American space agency NASA, ________ data on Mars since it landed on the Red Planet in February 2021.
A．operated, has been collecting
B．operated, had been collected
C．operating, had been collecting
D．operating, has been collected
23．Julia_________ every day and her school day begins with morning _________.
A．exercise; exercise B．exercises; exercise
C．exercise; exercises D．exercises; exercises
24．（2025·三省三校（贵阳一中、云师大附中）模拟）Not until he went abroad to further his study _______ the importance of English.
A．has he found B．he has found
C．did he find D．he had found
25．（2025·山东省模拟）—Was it in 2003 ______ the Chinese astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon
—Yes. We ______ be proud of it then.
A．when; do B．that; do C．which; did D．that; did
26．（2025·山东省模拟）—Over the past 60 years, China’s high-speed railway ______ fast.
—That’s true. The project of Jinan-Zhengzhou High-speed Railway ______ by the end of this year.
A．has developed; will be completed B．is developing; will complete
C．has developed; will complete D．is developing; will be completed
27．（2025·山东省模拟）—I know your father ______ to a lot of cities, but what about your mother
—My mother She ______ to Jinan the day after tomorrow.
A．has gone; went B．has been; will go
C．has gone; goes D．has been; has gone
28．（2025·山东省模拟）—Miss Hu, I haven’t seen you for a long time.
—Yes. I ________ as a volunteer nurse in Shanghai for a month. I came back yesterday.
A．worked B．am working
C．have worked D．work
29．（2025·山东省模拟）—Can anyone give me an example of an event in the past
—I can. ________.
A．Shenzhou XVI will come back.
B．Quan Hongchan won the gold medal.
C．I am taking the English exam.
D．My classmate is going to watch a film.
30．（2025·山东智科教育高三第三次模拟）John said he ________ there at 8 o’clock, but he didn’t come when we got there.
A．will be B．won’t be C．would be D．would not be
31．（2025·山东智科教育高三第三次模拟）A public company ________ the possibility of joining the two departments.
A．is looking up B．were looking up C．is looking into D．were looking into
32．（2025·天津市河北区普通高中模拟）—I didn’t see Mary at the meeting yesterday.
—She _________ some visitors around our factory at that time.
A．is showing B．was showing C．has shown D．showed
33．（2025·天津市河北区高三二模）The moment the final whistle blew, we crupted in cheers, knowing our team ______ the championship.
A．won B．has won C．have won D．would win
34．（2025·天津市河西区高三二模）I______ you to stay for dinner with us, but you told me you had to go back home.
A．am expecting B．would expect C．have expected D．had expected
35．（2025·天津市十二区重点学校高三毕业班联考（二））An expert, together with some assistants, ______ in the lab day and night since the outbreak of the flu.
A．was working B．were working
C．have been working D．has been working
36．（2025·天津市和平区高三第二次模拟）—He has got A for his term paper. He must have prepared for it for a long time.
—Exactly. He _______ the whole summer doing research through Europe.
A．has spent B．had spent C．spent D．would spend
37．（2025·山东省春季高考济南市第三次模拟）There ______ an English Evening next Tuesday.
A．was B．will be C．will have D．is going to have
38．（2025·山东省春季高考济南市第三次模拟）The teacher told us that the sun ______ in the east and sets in the west.
A．rise B．rises C．rising D．risen
39．（2025·天津市和平区高三第二次模拟）According to the doctor, this time next week, I_______ around as normal and the cut on my foot _______ completely.
A．am walking, healed B．will be walking, will have healed
C．walks, is going to heal D．have been walking, heals
40．-- ______
--Yes, a bit cold, though.
A．Freezing, isn't it B．Nice day, isn't it
C．Bad weather, don't you think D．Cold weather, isn't it
语法填空
Passage 1（动词时态和语态及主谓一致考点语篇练）
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world 1.__________ (open) in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and 2.__________ (allow) people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. It 3.__________ (take) three years to complete and 4.__________ (build) using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over the top. When all those 5.__________ (do), the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 6.__________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly 7.__________ (prove) to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.
Later, engineers 8.__________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，which became 9.__________ (know) as the tube. This development was only possible with the introduction of electric－powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most successful of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It 10.__________ (have) white－painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
Passage 2（动词时态和语态及主谓一致考点语篇练）
The first zoo 1.__________ (establish) around 3,500 years ago by an Egyptian queen for her personal enjoyment. Five hundred years later, a Chinese emperor 2.__________ (build) a huge zoo to show his power and wealth. Later zoos were set up for the purpose of studying animals.
Some of the early European zoos 3.________ (consist) of dark holes or dirty cages, the bad conditions of which made people disgusted. Later the zoos 4.__________ (replace) by research centers and animals there were studied and 5.__________ (keep) in good condition. These places became the first modern zoos. As early as the 1940s, scientists 6.__________ (understand) that many kinds of wild animals faced extinction. Since then, zoos 7.________ (try) to save many endangered species, but relying on zoos 8.__________ (save) species is not enough. The best method of protection is to leave them in their natural habitat.
Today, animals in large and natural reserves are fed a balanced diet and 9.__________ (watch) carefully for any signs of disease with specially trained keepers looking after them and some hospitals where they can be treated when ill, and all the animals there live a comfortable life. Anyway, it is true that zoo breeding programs 10.__________ (play) an important role in protecting many species of wildlife now.
Passage 3（动词时态和语态及主谓一致考点语篇练）
My best friend Kaiya is like me. She 1.__________ (remind) me of myself. In the past, I 2.__________ (be) never confident because of my appearance. People always laughed at my weight, my height, my hairstyle, etc. At the time, I was the shortest student in my class. I started getting depressed. However, someone told me something that I will always remember.
It was in March. Surrounded by a group of girls who 3.__________ (point) at me and laughed at me, I couldn't help crying. The tears rolled down my face like a rushing river. To my surprise, someone lifted my head up and wiped the tears from my eyes.
I then knew it was our English teacher, Miss Li. She said, “You 4.__________ (be) perfect the way you are. You should never change or hate yourself. People 5.__________ (accept) you for who you 6.__________ (be). But if you cannot accept yourself, then how will other people accept you？” I 7.__________ (inspire) by her words. Over the past few months, I 8.__________ (learn) that no one is perfect and that we all have flaws. Now I have wonderful friends who 9.__________ (love) me for who I am.
Now, seeing Kaiya cry, I decide to tell her the same thing Miss Li 10.__________ (tell) me.
Passage 4
（2025·甘青宁三省多校高三九月联考）
In the most southwestern part of China, the mountainous Yunnan province, you can see wild tea trees 1 have stood there for thousands of years. Since the Han dynasty, these trees, or more specifically their leaves, 2 (use) to make special varieties of black tea and to this day Yunnan remains one of the most important tea-producing regions.
The region of Yunnan, 3 (consider) to be the birthplace of tea, proves particularly suitable 4 the growth of tea trees because of its geographical characteristics. While the climate is generally mild and humid, and rain falls regularly, the landscape 5 (range) from snow-capped mountain s in the north to subtropical low-altitudes(亚热带低海拔地区) in the southeast. Tea leaves harvested from the wild tea trees growing there have several 6 (benefit). Having lived for hundreds, if not thousands of years, these ancient trees have taken in many minerals and nutrients from rich soil, 7 (add) the complexity and uniqueness of the flavor of the tea. Also, these trees have not been subjected to pesticides or artificial fertilizers.
Sadly, over the last decades, 8 number of ancient tea trees still in 9 (exist) has been on a stable decline. To keep up with demand and the production processes, many of the tea trees have been cut in half for more branches and leaves in an effort to produce bigger harvests. However, this practice obviously isn’t in the best interest of the tree 10 (it), ultimately leading to the death of many of these ancient trees.
单句语法填空
1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
2.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct) .＂
3．（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The artist was sure he would63．(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed.
4．（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (point) down the river.
5.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，more food 59．(need).
6.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61． (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
7.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65． (mean)that fewer people worked in farming.
8.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38． (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
9.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The parts of a museum open to the public 40． (call) galleries or rooms.
10.（2020·全国新课标II）This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62．____ (carry) special significance.
11.（2019全国I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
12.（2019全国II卷）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ______(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
13.（2019全国III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _____(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.
14.（2019浙江卷）When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).
15.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students' grades _____ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
16.（2018全国I卷）While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.is
17.（2018全国II卷）Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.
18.（2018全国II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005－when the government ______(start) a soiltesting program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers－and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
19.（2018全国III卷）I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel (challenge)．
20.（2018全国III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature，the huge animal (mean) me no real harm.
21.（2018浙江卷） I still remember visiting a friend who'd lived here for five years and I (shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
22. (2018·浙江)While regularly eating out seems to ___61___(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost.
23.（2017全国I卷）When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
24.（2017全国II卷）Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.
25.（2017全国II卷）Later, engineers (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.
26.（2017全国III卷）Sarah (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.
27.（2017全国III卷）But at the moment，school (come) first.
28.(2017·浙江卷6月)Pahlsson and her husband 62.________ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63.________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.
29. (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
30.(2016·全国新课标I)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
31.(2016·全国新课标III)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table.
32.(2016·上海)(B)In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.
33.(2016·四川)
The giant panda 41 (love) by people throughout the world.
Then, after two and a half years, the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away.
34.(2015·全国Ⅰ,61)It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
35.(2015·全国Ⅰ,67)Yangshuo (be) really beautiful.
36.(2014·全国Ⅰ,61)It (be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.
37.(2015·全国Ⅱ,68)This cycle (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night...
38.(2014·全国Ⅱ,65)A boy on a bike (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.
39.(2012·新课标Ⅰ,23)“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step (show).”
40.(2012·新课标Ⅱ,18)The manager (tell)the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
()专题07 动词的时态和语态及主谓一致
目录 01 模拟基础练 【题型一】时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单句语法填空）（最新模拟） 【题型二】时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单项选择）（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（语法填空） 03 真题实战练
题型一 时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单句语法填空）
1.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三上学期一模）Some great African civilizations such as the Great Benin Empire, Ancient Egypt, had a highly organized society, which was developed, (stand) out in trade and grew stronger in culture.
【答案】stood
【解析】考查时态。句意：一些伟大的非洲文明，如大贝宁帝国、古埃及，拥有高度组织化的社会，这些社会得到了发展，在贸易上非常突出，并且在文化上越来越强盛。根据空前was和后文and grew可知，空处为并列谓语之一，句子描述过去发生的动作，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词需用过去式stood。故填stood。
2.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三上学期一模）Between 11 and 15 million Africans (ship) overseas and sold into slavery. Over the years, the wars have become into a more complex and complicated problem.
【答案】were shipped
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：1100万至1500万非洲人被运往海外，并被卖为奴隶。空处是句子的谓语动词，主语Africans与动词ship“运送；船运”之间为被动关系，且此处描述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词需用were。故填were shipped。
3.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三上学期月考）Like many young Africans, Jean Philippe N’ Dri’s interest in Kung Fu began with martial arts movies. During his second year of college, he joined the martial arts club. With the assistance of the club, he, together with other 5 students (give)the opportunity to visit the Shaolin Temple in China’s Henan province.
【答案】was given
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：在俱乐部的帮助下，他和其他5名学生获得了前往中国河南省少林寺参观的机会。分析句子成分可知，空处考查本句谓语动词；根据上文时态可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“he”，单数，和动词“give”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was given。
4.（2025·云南省保山市高三上学期摸底）Before the opening of the China-Laos Railway, Laos only
(have) a 3.5-km railway transporting cargo to and from Thailand.
【答案】had
【解析】考查时态。句意：在中老铁路开通之前，老挝只有一条3.5公里的铁路，用于往返泰国的货物运输。have(有)是谓语动词，结合时间状语“Before the opening of the China-Laos Railway”可知，讲述过去的事情应用一般过去时。故填had。
5.（2025·浙江Z20名校联盟高三第一次联考）The trend for Indian film production companies to become partners with western filmmakers (link) to the overall growth of the industry and its patterns as well.
【答案】is linked
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：印度电影制作公司与西方电影制作人成为合作伙伴的趋势，也与该行业的整体增长及其模式有关。空格处需要填入谓语动词，此处描述的是一种趋势或者状态，所以应该使用一般现在时；主语The trend是单数，且与link之间为被动关系，所以需要使用一般现在时的被动语态，be动词用is。故填is linked。
6.（2025·湖北省腾云联盟高三上学期8月联考）Since June 2020,the Laos-China Railway Co has recruited and trained Lao trainees and more than 800 Lao employees, or over 90 percent of the trainees, （assign）specific positions.
【答案】have been assigned
【解析】考查动词的时态和被动语态。句意：自2020年6月以来，老中铁路公司已招聘培训老挝研修生，800多名老挝员工被分配到特定岗位，占学员总数的90%以上。空格处作谓语，根据前一分句可推知主语over 90 percent of the trainees与assign之间为被动关系, 且根据时间状语 since 可知应用现在完成时的被动语态。故填 have been assigned。
7.（2025·山东省第一次备考监测联考）Historically, Chinese silk made its way to Rome even before the beginning of the Common Era (时代). The Silk Road ______ (facilitate) the exchange of Chinese culture with the West, while Western culture found its way to the East.
【答案】facilitated
【解析】facilitated考查时态。句意：丝绸之路促进了中国文化与西方文化的交流，同时西方文化也找到了通往东方的道路。句子描述的是历史事件，因此用一般过去时。故填facilitated。
8.（2025·海南省海口市高三摸底）In 2006, the traditional festival ______ (list) as part of China’s national intangible cultural heritage.
【答案】was listed
【解析】 was listed考查动词时态和语态。句意：2006年，这个传统节日被列为中国国家非物质文化遗产。设空处使用动词作谓语，in 2006为一般过去时，此处festival与list之间是被动关系，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was listed。
9.（2025·海南省海口市高三摸底）In 2008, it ______ (be) recognized as a public holiday in the Chinese mainland.
【答案】was
【解析】 was考查动词时态。句意：2008年，它被认定为中国大陆的公共假日。in 2008为一般过去时时间标志，it表示单数意义。故填was。
10（2025·安徽省皖豫名校联盟高三十月联考）“When I did rehearsals (排练) with the local musicians, I ________ (attract) by their cooperation in spite of the long flight.”
【答案】was attracted
【解析】was attracted考查动词语态。句意：“当我和当地音乐家一起排练时，尽管长途飞行，我还是被他们的合作所吸引。”空处为句子谓语，且由did rehearsals可知，句子时态用一般过去时，主语I与attract“吸引”之间为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为I，be动词用was。故填was attracted。
11.（2025·湖北省重点高中智学联盟高三上学期8月联考） After the system was finished, no more floods
(occur).
【答案】occurred
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：系统完成后，不再发生洪水。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据上下文时态可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填occurred。
12.（2025·辽宁省普通高中高三期中）East China’s Shandong province, where the Yellow River flows into the sea, is promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism. So far, Shandong (launch) many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River to boost the high-quality development of the region.
【答案】has launched
【解析】考查时态。句意：迄今为止，山东已经启动了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文化和价值方面取得了重大进展，以推动该地区的高质量发展。根据上文So far可知为现在完成时，主语为Shandong，助动词用has。故填has launched。
13.（2025·安徽省芜湖市第一中学教学质量诊断）Jingxi Taiping Drum is a traditional form of dancing that is popular in Mentougou District of Beijing. The earliest historical references of this art (date) back to the Spring and Autumn Period and describe how it was initially used in ceremonies to drive away bad spirits and pray for good fortune.
【答案】date
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：这门艺术最早的历史参考可以追溯到春秋时期，并描述了它最初是如何被用于驱邪和祈求好运的仪式的。表示“追溯到……”常用一般现在时态，主语中心词是historical references，复数，故谓语动词用动词原形。故填date。
14.（2025·安徽省芜湖市第一中学教学质量诊断）Traditional Chinese aesthetic (美学的) concepts (reflect) in the drum playing, pace and formation changes, all of which represent distinctive local features.
【答案】are reflected
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：中国传统美学观念体现在鼓的演奏、节奏和形态的变化上，这些都代表了鲜明的地方特色。分析句子可知，空格处应填入谓语动词。根据上文时态可知，此处应用一般现在时态。主语Traditional Chinese aesthetic (美学的) concepts与reflect是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用被动语态。故填are reflected。
15.（2025·广东省茂名市区域高三联考）Participating in these activities can (strength) social bonds and foster a sense of community.
【答案】strengthen
【解析】考查动词。句意：参加这些活动可以加强社会联系，培养社区意识。情态动词can后接动词原形，应用所给词的动词形式strengthen“加强”。故填strengthen。
16.（2025·广东省茂名市区域高三联考）Another significant tradition is the Zhuang people’s dietary habits. Their cuisine usually (use) fresh, locally-sourced ingredients, like vegetables, grains and herbs.
【答案】uses
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：他们的饮食通常使用新鲜的当地食材，如蔬菜、谷物和草药。空处是句子的谓语动词，根据空前的usually可知，句子描述习惯性经常性行为，时态需用一般现在时，主语Their cuisine是第三人称单数，其谓语需用第三人称单数uses。故填uses。
17.（2025·河南省部分学校高三大联考）Cultural reputation and soaring sorghum costs (see) Moutai prices skyrocket over the past few years.
【答案】have seen
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，文化声誉和不断上涨的高粱成本导致茅台价格大幅上涨。空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语over the past few years可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为Cultural reputation and rising sorghum costs，是复数主语，助动词使用have。故填have seen。
18.（2025·江苏省海安高级中学高三月考）In the rich variety of Chinese cuisine, Nian Gao, a traditional glutinous rice (糯米) cake, (hold) a special place, especially during Chinese New Year celebrations.
【答案】holds
【解析】考查动词时态。 句意：在丰富多样的中国美食中，年糕，一种传统的糯米糕，有着特殊的地位，尤其是在中国新年庆祝活动中。本句描述一般事实，句子时态用一般现在时，且Nian Gao为第三人称单数，谓语用hold“持有”的第三人称单数。故填holds。
19.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）Four treasures of the study —brush, ink, paper and ink slab (端砚) , cannot be ignored when we appreciate and understand Chinese calligraphy and traditional painting. It is widely accepted that the best of each of these items (represent) by the Hu brush, Hui ink stick, Xuan paper, and Duan ink slab.
【答案】is represented
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：人们普遍认为，这些物品中最好的分别由湖笔、徽墨、宣纸和端砚所代表。所给词“represent”作主语从句谓语，根据“It is widely accepted”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，主语“the best of each of these items”和“represent”构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，表示“被代表”的含义，主语是the best of each of these items ，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is represented。
20.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）Hence, it (be) a main type of paper for traditional Chinese calligraphy and painting.
【答案】is
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：因此，它成为传统中国书法和绘画的主要用纸。空处作谓语，句子描述了现在的客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为“it”，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。
21.（2025·辽宁省沈文新高考研究联盟高三月考）Since July 2019, China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme __________ (carry) out a new service of picking up garbage from its users in Shanghai.
【答案】has carried
【解析】 has carried考查时态。句意：自2019年7月以来，中国在线外卖平台饿了么在上海推出了一项新服务，即接单为用户扔垃圾。空处为句子谓语动词，根据时间状语“Since July 2019”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“China’s online food-delivery platform Eleme”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has carried。
22.（2025·广东省汕尾市四校联考高三上学期10月考）A report showed that the market value of secondhand items rose from 300 billion yuan in 2015 to over l trillion yuan in 2020, and________(expect) to hit 3 trillion yuan in 2025.
【答案】is expected
【解析】is expected考查动词时态和语态。句意：一份报告显示，二手物品的市场价值从2015年的3000亿元上升到2020年的1万亿元，预计到2025年将达到3万亿元。根据expect及in 2025可知，此处表示“预计”用一般现在时，主语the market value与expect构成被动关系。故填is expected。
23.（2025·广西名校联盟高三适应性检测）The drop site is at the top of a watchtower along the Badaling section of the Great Wall, an area previously untouched by commercial activities as it ______ (protect) by planning regulations.
【答案】is protected
【解析】 is protected考查动词语态。句意：投放地点位于长城八达岭段的一个瞭望塔的顶部，由于受到规划法规的保护，该地区以前没有商业活动。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，it和protect为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为it，be动词用is。故填is protected。
24.（2025·广西名校联盟高三适应性检测）While drone delivery is new to Beijing, the technology ___43___ (exist) in other parts of China for several years.
【答案】has existed
【解析】has existed考查动词时态。句意：尽管无人机送货对北京来说是新鲜事物，但这项技术在中国其他地区已经存在了好几年。根据时间状语“for several years”可知，使用现在完成时，主语为the technology，助动词用has。故填has existed。
25.（2025·沧州市普通高中高三复习质量监测）So far this year more than 100 million people ________ (buy) flowers, plants and related gardening goods online.
【答案】have bought
【解析】 have bought考查时态和主谓一致。句意：今年到目前为止，已有超过1亿人在网上购买了花卉、植物和相关园艺商品。由时间状语So far this year可知，符合现在完成时，且主语more than 100 million people表复数，谓语结构应用have+过去分词。故填have bought。
26.（2025·辽宁省辽南协作体高三月考）So far, the imported coffee business________ (embrace) the Chinese style and culture to create a new image for coffee as a lifestyle beverage.
【答案】has embraced
【解析】 has embraced考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，进口咖啡业务已经拥抱了中国风和文化，创造了咖啡作为一种生活方式饮料的新形象。根据时间状语“So far”可知，本句应用现在完成时。主语为the imported coffee business，助动词使用has。故填has embraced。
27.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三上学期8月摸底）The market for bubble tea has a significant fruit flavor category that (provide) consumers with a variety of delicious choices.
【答案】provides
【解析】考查时态。句意：市面上的珍珠奶茶有显著的水果口味，为消费者提供了多种美味的选择。分析句子结构可知，从句缺谓语动词，描述客观情况用一般现在时，先行词是单数，故谓语动词用单数。故填provides。
28.（2025·安徽省皖南八校高三上学期8月摸底）Nowadays, strawberries and mango can 42 (mix) for a special flavor and the green tea category is expected to grow at the fastest speed.
【答案】be mixed
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：如今，草莓和芒果可以混合出一种特殊的味道，而绿茶类饮料预计将以最快的速度增长。根据“can”可知，空处需填动词原形，“strawberries and mango”和“mix”之间是被动关系，故填be mixed。
29.（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三质检）Many of the city’s iconic landmarks and structures, such as the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre Museum, and Place de la Concorde, (situate)along its banks.
【答案】are situated
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这座城市的许多标志性地标和建筑，如埃菲尔铁塔、卢浮宫和协和广场，都位于其河岸。主语为复数，且与动词situate之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are situated。
30.（2025·福建省福州第一中学高三质检）In the 17th century, swimming in the Seine was very popular. But for the last hundred years, it (prohibit) due to health and safety concerns.
【答案】has been prohibited
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：但在过去的一百年里，由于健康和安全问题，游泳被禁止。根据时间状语for the last hundred years，应用现在完成时，且与主语之间是被动关系，故填has been prohibited。
31.（2025·福建省宁德市蕉城区宁德第一中学高三一模）The new catalyst, designed by researchers at City University Hong Kong (City U) and tested by fellows at Imperial College London, could (scale) up for mass use.
【答案】be scaled
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：这种由香港城市大学的研究人员设计并由伦敦帝国理工学院的同行测试的新催化剂，可以扩大规模以供大规模使用。主语new catalyst与scale之间为被动关系，需要用被动语态，could后加动词原形。故填be scaled。
32.（2025·广东省部分学校高三上学期8月大联考）Chinese scientists have found a new plant species of Oreocharis (马铃苣苔属) in southwest China’s Yunnan Province, according to the Chengdu Institute of Biology (CIB) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The findings, made by researchers from the CIB and Guangxi Institute of Botany of the CAS, (publish) recently in the journal Ecology and Evolution.
【答案】have been published/were published
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：这一发现是由中国科学院广西植物研究所和中国科学院广西植物研究所的研究人员共同完成的，最近发表在《生态与进化》杂志上。分析句式可知，这个句子的主语是 findings，它和 publish构成了逻辑上的被动关系。再根据本空后的时间状语 recently可知，此处应该用现在完成时的被动语态或一般过去时的被动语态。故填have been published/were published。
33.（2025·广东省深圳市罗湖区高三上学期第一次摸底）There have already been numerous in-depth studies on the potential job losses caused by the large-scale application of AI, and many a solution (propose), including slowing down the pace of AI technology application, assisting in reemployment, and imposing AI taxes. Now, the overnight popularity of Sora reminds people that it is time to accelerate, refine and implement these measures.
【答案】has been proposed
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：已经有许多关于大规模应用人工智能可能导致的失业的深入研究，并提出了许多解决方案，包括放慢人工智能技术应用的步伐、协助再就业和征收人工智能税。此处为and后句子的谓语，根据and前句子的谓语have been和句意可知，and后的句子用现在完成时，表示到现在已经提出了许多解决方案，且propose“提议，提供”与其逻辑主语solution之间是被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为many a solution，助动词用has 。故填has been proposed。
34.（2025·河北省衡水中学第一次综合素养测评）For those who cannot make it to Guanghan, where the extensive site of Sanxingdui is located, an immersive exhibition equipped with digital technology, titled Hello Sanxingdui,
(offer) an alternative means to be awed by the magnificence of this Bronze Age culture. It is running at the Longfu Art Museum in Beijing until Feb 29.
【答案】offers
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：对于那些不能去广汉三星堆遗址所在地的人来说，一个名为“你好，三星堆”的数字技术沉浸式展览为他们提供了另一种方式，让他们惊叹于青铜时代文化的辉煌。此处陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，主语为an immersive exhibition，谓语用三单形式。故填offers。
35.（2025·河北省衡水中学第一次综合素养测评）On show life-size reproductions of dozens of astonishing artifacts, supervised by Sanxingdui Museum, such as 2.6-meter bronze statues, 3.8-meter-wide bronze masks and “the holy tree” standing nearly 4 meters.
【答案】are
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：在三星堆博物馆的监督下，展出了数十件真人大小的惊人文物，如2.6米高的青铜雕像、3.8米宽的青铜面具和近4米高的“圣树”。此处陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时，此处为倒装句，主语为life-size reproductions of dozens of astonishing artifacts，谓语用复数。故填are。
题型二 时态、语态及主谓一致考点综合练（单项选择）
1．（2025·天津市部分区高三期中）I ________ in Tianjin for three years before I went to Beijing last year.
A．lived B．have lived C．was living D．had lived
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意：去年去北京之前，我在天津住了三年。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语从句“before I went to Beijing last year”可知，主句为过去完成时态，表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前，为过去的过去。故选D。
2．（2025·天津市滨海新区大港第一中学高三期中）Dr. Smith, together with his wife and children, ______ visit Beijing this summer.
A．is going to B．are going to C．was going to D．were going to
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：史密斯博士和他的妻子、孩子今年夏天将访问北京。根据“this summer”可知，此处描述将来的情况，时态应用一般将来时，together with his wife and children为插入语，不影响主语的人称和数，主语Dr. Smith是单数，应用is going to。故选A。
3．（2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中）It was the fourth time that Mr Smith ______ the Summer Palace.
A．has visited B．visited C．visits D．had visited
【答案】D
【解析】考查过去完成时。句意：这是史密斯先生第四次参观颐和园。根据句型It was the + 序数词 + time that sb. had done sth，从句时态应该用过去完成时。故选D项。
4．（2025·天津市滨海新区田家炳中学高三期中）—We have a successful opening ceremony.
—Yes. Our headmaster ______ all the students ______ his good speech.
A．impressed; by B．has impressed; with C．made; by D．has made; with
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和介词。句意：——我们的开幕式很成功。——是的。我们的校长用他的精彩演讲给所有学生留下了深刻印象。impress...with...表示“用……给……留下印象”，且根据We have a successful opening ceremony.可知，表示过去动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时，故选B。
5．（2025·天津市天津市河北区高三期中）—— Did you discuss the problem with Mr. Liu in detail
—— No. When I got to his office, he _________ an important meeting, so we had only a few words.
A．left for B．was leaving for
C．has left for D．had left for
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：——你和刘先生详细讨论过这个问题吗？——没有。当我到他办公室时，他正要去参加一个重要的会议，所以我们只说了几句话。leave for“动身去”。根据so we had only a few words可知，刘先生正要离开，应用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。故选B。
6．（2025·天津市红桥区复兴中学高三月考）I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and _________ to it since.
A．subscribed B．had subscribed
C．have subscribed D．was subscribing
【答案】C
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：我第一次读这本时尚杂志是在十多年前，从那以后我就订阅了它。根据since可知，此处应用现在完成时。动词短语subscribe to意为“订阅”。故选C。
7．（2025·天津市滨海新区大港第三中学高三月考）White and Karin set up an animal hospital in 2017. Since then, they ______ about 4,000 sea creatures.
A．treated B．are treating C．have treated D．had treated
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：2017年，怀特和卡琳成立了一家动物医院。从那时起，他们已经治疗了大约4000种海洋生物。此处为谓语动词的填入，结合时间状语Since then“从那时起”可知，此处为现在完成时。故选C项。
8．（2025·天津市第一中学高三月考）Large quantities of information gathered from extensive’ research studies _________ valuable insights into the trends affecting global health outcomes.
A．provide B．has been providing C．provides D．is providing
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从广泛的研究中收集到的大量信息为影响全球健康结果的趋势提供了有价值的见解。provide(提供)是谓语动词，与主语“Large quantities of information”之间是主动关系，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，且“quantities of+名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。故选A项。
9．（2025·天津市第五十四中学高三月考）By the time you graduate from college, great changes _________ in your hometown.
A．will take place B．have been taken
C．are going to take place D．will have taken place
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态。句意：到你大学毕业的时候，你的家乡会发生很大的变化。A. will take place一般将来时；B. have been taken现在完成时的被动语态；C. are going to take place一般将来时；D. will have taken place将来完成时。by引导的时间状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主句用将来完成时，表示“到……为止，将已经……”。故选D项。
10．（2025·天津市南仓中学高三月考）—When can I get paid
—I can give you the pay if you _________ all the work.
A．will have completed B．will be completing
C．completed D．have completed
【答案】D
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意：——我什么时候能拿到工资？——如果你完成了所有的工作，我就可以给你报酬。此处指“如果你已经完成了工作，我就可以给你报酬”，表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，使用现在完成时，故选D。
11．（2025·天津市蓟州区第一中学高三学情调研）Nothing in my life ________ strong enough to stop me achieving my goals so far and I don’t think anything will be.
A．have been B．has been C．are D．is
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，我生命中还没有任何事情强大到可以阻止我实现目标，我认为将来也不会有。根据时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知，句子应用现在完成时，nothing作主语，助动词用has。故选B项。
12．（2025·新疆维吾尔自治区石河子第一中学高三月考）Don’t play computer games too long; otherwise you will _____ them.
A．become addicted B．be addict to
C．become addicted to D．became addicted to
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语。句意：不要玩电脑游戏太久；否则你会上瘾的。表示“对某物上瘾”使用短语become addicted to，接在will后，应用动词原形。故选C项。
13．（2025·新疆维吾尔自治区石河子第一中学高三月考）The old couple are very excited because they ______ Europe next month.
A．are visiting B．are going to visiting C．would visit D．will be visiting
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：这对老夫妇非常兴奋，因为他们下个月要去欧洲旅游。A. are visiting现在进行时态；B. are going to visiting错误表达，应为are going to visit一般将来时；C. would visit过去将来时；D. will be visiting将来进行时。句中next month为将来时的标志，visit为动词，意为“拜访，参观”，表示位置移动的动词其现在进行时可表示将来时。故选A。
14．（2025·天津市第一中学高三第二次检测）Just as Edison ________ it, “Modern technology ________ ecology an apology.”
A．says; owes B．puts; makes C．said; owed D．put; owes
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词短语和时态。句意：正如爱迪生所说，“现代科技欠生态一个道歉。”一空处为固定搭配：as sb. put it意为“如某人所说”，描述已发生的事，用一般过去时，二空处为直接引语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，表达“欠生态一个道歉”之意，主语Modern technology为第三人称单数，用owes。故选D项。
15．（2025·四川省眉山第一中学高三入学考）Great changes place in my hometown in the past ten years.
A．took B．have taken C．takes D．have been taken
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的十年里，我的家乡发生了巨大的变化。根据时间状语“in the past ten years”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果。故选B。
16．（2025·广东省深圳中学高三第一次摸底）Our air-conditioners __________ well, but decades of years ago, no one could have imagined such a big share in the market that they ___________.
A．sell; were to have B．are sold; were having
C．sell; have had D．are sold; had had
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态。句意：我们的空调卖得很好，但是几十年前没有人能想到它们会有这么大的市场份额。 sell这个词在表达“销售”或“卖出”的含义时，通常没有被动形式；第二空根据“decades of years ago, no one could have imagined”可知，此处表示过去将来发生的事情，应该用过去将来时。故选A项。
17．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）—Are you ________ your dog —Yes, but I can’t ________ it.
A．look for, find B．find, look for C．looking for, find D．finding, look for
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词短语辨析，动词词义辨析和时态。句意：——你在找你的狗吗？——是的，但是我找不到。look for寻找；find找到。第一空所在句子表示“你是否正在寻找你的狗”，第一空意为“寻找”，表示找的过程，且用现在进行时，表示正在寻找，因此第一空是looking for；第二空所在句子表示结果，表示找不到，因此第二空是find。故选C。
18．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）—Hey! Kate, what about your last winter camp in Hainan
—Oh! It _________ some sweet memories in my heart in the past several months.
A．leaves B．is leaving C．has left D．will leave
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：——嘿!凯特，你上次在海南的冬令营怎么样 ——哦!在过去的几个月里，它在我心中留下了一些甜蜜的回忆。根据时间状语in the past several months可知，此处表示过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时。主谓一致，故选C项。
19．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）— I didn’t go back to my hometown for Spring Festival because of COVID-19.
— _________. This is the most special festival that I _________.
A．So did I; spent B．Neither did I; have spent
C．Neither did I; spent D．So it is; have spent
【答案】B
【解析】考查倒装句和时态。句意：——因为新冠肺炎，我没有回老家过年。——我也没有。这是我度过的最特别的节日。根据 I didn’t go back...可知，第一空表示“我也没有回家过年”，应用“neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”的部分倒装结构，结合didn’t go可知，这里用助动词did。根据This is the most special festival可知，第二空应用现在完成时，“This is the+形容词最高级+名词+that从句”句式中，that从句要用现在完成时。故选B。
20．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）If you heat ice, it ________ into water.
A．turns B．turned C．was turning D．has turned
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：如果你加热冰，它就会变成水。空处作谓语，句子描述客观的科学现象，时态应用一般现在时，turn into意为“变成”。故选A。
21．（2025·内蒙古通辽实验中学高三模拟）A:Where is Jenny I can’t find her, but I can hear her playing the violin.
B:She is in the garden, but she is ________.Her brother is________.
A．practice; playing the violin B．practicing; to play the violin
C．not practicing; playing the violin D．not practice; to playing the violin
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：A：珍妮在哪里？我找不到她，但我能听到她在拉小提琴。B：她在花园里，但她没有练习。她哥哥在拉小提琴。根据句意和语境可知，该句第一空为现在进行时，表示正在做某事，其结构是be doing，这里是否定句为be not doing；该句第二空为正在做某事，为be playing the violin。故选C项。
22．（2025·广东省江门市第一中学高三开学考）The Perseverance explorer, ________ by the American space agency NASA, ________ data on Mars since it landed on the Red Planet in February 2021.
A．operated, has been collecting
B．operated, had been collected
C．operating, had been collecting
D．operating, has been collected
【答案】A
【解析】考查非谓语动词和时态。句意：美国国家航空航天局运营的毅力号探测器自2021年2月降落在这颗红色星球上以来，一直在收集火星数据。第一空作后置定语修饰The Perseverance explorer，operate与The Perseverance explorer之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式作后置定语；第二空，since引导的时间状语从句使用一般过去时，且结合语意，此处强调collect这一动作在这段时间是一直正在进行的，主句应用现在完成进行时，即has been collecting。故选A。
23．Julia_________ every day and her school day begins with morning _________.
A．exercise; exercise B．exercises; exercise
C．exercise; exercises D．exercises; exercises
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态和固定搭配。句意：Julia每天锻炼，她的学校生活从早操开始。exercise意为“锻炼”，既是动词也是名词，同时既是可数名词，也是不可数名词，表示平时锻炼时是不可数名词，作可数名词，翻译成“……操”，如早操，眼保间操等。根据时间状语every day和begins可知，空处描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。主语是Julia，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，故空一填表示“锻炼”的动词第三人称单数exercises；根据空前morning可知，空二考查名词的固定搭配morning exercise表示“早操，晨练”，是可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故选D项。
24．（2025·三省三校（贵阳一中、云师大附中）模拟）Not until he went abroad to further his study _______ the importance of English.
A．has he found B．he has found
C．did he find D．he had found
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时和部分倒装。句意：直到他出国留学才发现英语的重要性。根据“Not until he went abroad to further his study”可知，此处应用一般过去时。not until位于句首，句子应用部分倒装。故选C。
25．（2025·山东省模拟）—Was it in 2003 ______ the Chinese astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon
—Yes. We ______ be proud of it then.
A．when; do B．that; do C．which; did D．that; did
【答案】D
【解析】考查强调句型与助动词对动作的强调。——中国宇航员成功登月是在2003年吗？
——是的。我们当时确实为此感到自豪。第一空为强调句型，强调的是时间in 2003，所以用that引导。第二空是对谓语进行强调，表示对动作强调用助动词do、does或者did+动词原形；此处描述的是过去的事情，所以用did。故选D。
26．（2025·山东省模拟）—Over the past 60 years, China’s high-speed railway ______ fast.
—That’s true. The project of Jinan-Zhengzhou High-speed Railway ______ by the end of this year.
A．has developed; will be completed B．is developing; will complete
C．has developed; will complete D．is developing; will be completed
【答案】A
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：——60年来，中国高速铁路发展迅速。——这是真的。济郑高铁项目将于今年年底竣工。分析句子可知，第一空由Over the past 60 years可知，这里时态应用现在完成时；第二空The project与 complete为被动关系，再由by the end of this year可知，这里时态可用一般将来时的被动语态。故选A项。
27．（2025·山东省模拟）—I know your father ______ to a lot of cities, but what about your mother
—My mother She ______ to Jinan the day after tomorrow.
A．has gone; went B．has been; will go
C．has gone; goes D．has been; has gone
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——我知道你父亲去过很多城市，但是你母亲呢？——我妈妈吗？她后天要去济南。第一空为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处表示“曾经去过某地，人已经回来”，应使用have been to，而have gone to表示“到某地去了，在路上或者已经到达那里”，该句表示的是曾经去过某地，所以使用have been to，主语为第三人称单数，所以使用has been；第二空为谓语动词，根据时间状语the day after tomorrow，此处使用一般将来时，所以谓语动词为will go。故选B项。
28．（2025·山东省模拟）—Miss Hu, I haven’t seen you for a long time.
—Yes. I ________ as a volunteer nurse in Shanghai for a month. I came back yesterday.
A．worked B．am working
C．have worked D．work
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：——胡小姐，我很久没见到你了。——是的。我在上海做了一个月的志愿护士。我昨天回来的。根据“I came back yesterday.”可知，这里作为志愿者护士的动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时。故选A。
29．（2025·山东省模拟）—Can anyone give me an example of an event in the past
—I can. ________.
A．Shenzhou XVI will come back.
B．Quan Hongchan won the gold medal.
C．I am taking the English exam.
D．My classmate is going to watch a film.
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：——谁能给我举一个过去的例子？——我可以。全洪禅获得金牌。由Can anyone give me an example of an event in the past 可知，设空处所描述的事情应发生在过去，时态应为一般过去时。故选B。
30．（2025·山东智科教育高三第三次模拟）John said he ________ there at 8 o’clock, but he didn’t come when we got there.
A．will be B．won’t be C．would be D．would not be
【答案】C
【解析】考查过去将来时。句意：约翰说他8点钟到那儿，但我们到那儿时他没有来。结合语境可知，宾语从句的动作在当时尚未发生，从句时态应用将来时，再结合“said”可知，主句使用一般过去时，从句时态应用过去将来时，可排除A和B项，且根据“but he didn’t come when we got there”可知，约翰说的是“他8点钟到那儿”。故选C。
31．（2025·山东智科教育高三第三次模拟）A public company ________ the possibility of joining the two departments.
A．is looking up B．were looking up C．is looking into D．were looking into
【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。句意：一家上市公司正在研究合并这两个部门的可能性。分析句子可知，这里主语A public company，为第三人称单数形式，所以排除答案B、D；且look up 表“查询”，look into表“考查、研究”，由句意可知，这里表示“研究”合并这两个部门的可能性。故选C项。
32．（2025·天津市河北区普通高中模拟）—I didn’t see Mary at the meeting yesterday.
—She _________ some visitors around our factory at that time.
A．is showing B．was showing C．has shown D．showed
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：——我昨天在会上没有看到玛丽。——她当时正带领一些参观者参观我们的工厂。句中讲述昨天开会时玛丽正在做的事情，描述过去某一时刻正在发生的事情用过去进行时态。故选B项。
33．（2025·天津市河北区高三二模）The moment the final whistle blew, we crupted in cheers, knowing our team ______ the championship.
A．won B．has won C．have won D．would win
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当最后的哨声响起的那一刻，我们欢呼起来，因为我们知道我们的队伍赢得了冠军。knowing后接宾语从句，空处缺少谓语，再根据crupted可知，这里描述的是过去的事情，所以应该用一般过去时，故选A。
34．（2025·天津市河西区高三二模）I______ you to stay for dinner with us, but you told me you had to go back home.
A．am expecting B．would expect C．have expected D．had expected
【答案】D
【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：我原以为你会留下来和我们一起吃饭，但你告诉我你必须回家。分析句子意思可知，考查的谓语动词expect发生在第二个小分句的谓语动词told之前，所以用过去完成时形式，表示过去的过去发生的动作。故选D。
35．（2025·天津市十二区重点学校高三毕业班联考（二））An expert, together with some assistants, ______ in the lab day and night since the outbreak of the flu.
A．was working B．were working
C．have been working D．has been working
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自流感爆发以来，一位专家和一些助手一直在实验室夜以继日地工作。根据时间状语day and night since the outbreak of the flu可知，句子应用现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时刻开始，一直持续到现在，还有可能继续下去的动作，together with连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与其前面的名词保持一致，An expert为单数名词，助动词用has。故选D项。
36．（2025·天津市和平区高三第二次模拟）—He has got A for his term paper. He must have prepared for it for a long time.
—Exactly. He _______ the whole summer doing research through Europe.
A．has spent B．had spent C．spent D．would spend
【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时。句意：——他的学期论文得了A。他一定为此准备了很长时间。——没错。他花了整个夏天在欧洲做研究。A. has spent（现在完成时）花时间B. had spent（过去完成时）花时间；C. spent（一般过去时）花时间；D. would spend花时间（过去将来时）。根据the whole summer可知，空处为过去式，空处与主语He之间为主动关系，空处应为一般过去时的主动形式spent，故选C项。
37．（2025·山东省春季高考济南市第三次模拟）There ______ an English Evening next Tuesday.
A．was B．will be C．will have D．is going to have
【答案】B
【解析】考查一般将来时。句意：下周二将举办英语晚会。分析句子可知，句中时间状语是next Tuesday，因此使用一般将来时，且此句是there be句型。故选B项。
38．（2025·山东省春季高考济南市第三次模拟）The teacher told us that the sun ______ in the east and sets in the west.
A．rise B．rises C．rising D．risen
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：老师告诉我们太阳从东方升起，西方落下。表示客观真理，用一般现在时，主语为单数，谓语为单数。故选B。
39．（2025·天津市和平区高三第二次模拟）According to the doctor, this time next week, I_______ around as normal and the cut on my foot _______ completely.
A．am walking, healed B．will be walking, will have healed
C．walks, is going to heal D．have been walking, heals
【答案】B
【解析】考查时态。句意：根据医生的说法，下周这个时候，我将会像往常一样走路，而且我脚上的伤口也将完全愈合。walk“走路”，heal“康复”。根据时间状语this time next week可知，这里描述的是将来某一时间点正在进行的动作，and前的句子时态应用将来进行时，即will be doing形式，本题用will be walking。the cut on my foot的“康复”是到那时已经完成的动作，and后的句子时态应用将来完成时，即will have done形式，本题用will have healed。故选B。
40．-- ______
--Yes, a bit cold, though.
A．Freezing, isn't it B．Nice day, isn't it
C．Bad weather, don't you think D．Cold weather, isn't it
【答案】B
【解析】考查反义疑问句。句意：--天气不错吧？ --是的，不过有点冷。根据答句“不过有一点冷”可知存在转折关系，可推知问句是表示好天气。故选B项。
语法填空
Passage 1（动词时态和语态及主谓一致考点语篇练）
In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world 1.__________ (open) in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and 2.__________ (allow) people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. It 3.__________ (take) three years to complete and 4.__________ (build) using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over the top. When all those 5.__________ (do), the road surface was replaced.
Steam engines 6.__________ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly 7.__________ (prove) to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using it every day.
Later, engineers 8.__________ (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels(隧道)，which became 9.__________ (know) as the tube. This development was only possible with the introduction of electric－powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most successful of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It 10.__________ (have) white－painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.
1．opened 根据In 1863可知此题应用一般过去时。
2．allowed 根据前半句“It ran for just...”可知，此处应用一般过去时。
3．took 根据句意“它用了三年的时间完成”，故用一般过去时。
4．was built 根据句意“它是用有趣的方式被建造的”，可知此处应为一般过去时的被动语态。
5．had been done 句意：当这一切都做完之后，路面被取代了。根据后面的“was replaced”可知此处指“过去的过去”，即过去完成时。
6．were used 根据句意“蒸汽机被用来拉车厢……”，可知此处应用被动语态。
7．proved 此处prove为系动词，意为“后来被发现是”。
8．managed 句意：工程师们设法在深隧道系统中建造铁路。根据上下文语境可知此处应用一般过去时。
9．known be known as “作为……而出名”。
10．had 根据后半句“and proved extremely popular”，可知此处应用一般过去时。
Passage 2（动词时态和语态及主谓一致考点语篇练）
The first zoo 1.__________ (establish) around 3,500 years ago by an Egyptian queen for her personal enjoyment. Five hundred years later, a Chinese emperor 2.__________ (build) a huge zoo to show his power and wealth. Later zoos were set up for the purpose of studying animals.
Some of the early European zoos 3.________ (consist) of dark holes or dirty cages, the bad conditions of which made people disgusted. Later the zoos 4.__________ (replace) by research centers and animals there were studied and 5.__________ (keep) in good condition. These places became the first modern zoos. As early as the 1940s, scientists 6.__________ (understand) that many kinds of wild animals faced extinction. Since then, zoos 7.________ (try) to save many endangered species, but relying on zoos 8.__________ (save) species is not enough. The best method of protection is to leave them in their natural habitat.
Today, animals in large and natural reserves are fed a balanced diet and 9.__________ (watch) carefully for any signs of disease with specially trained keepers looking after them and some hospitals where they can be treated when ill, and all the animals there live a comfortable life. Anyway, it is true that zoo breeding programs 10.__________ (play) an important role in protecting many species of wildlife now.
1．was established 考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“around 3,500 years ago”可知是过去时态，主语“The first zoo”和谓语动词establish之间是被动关系，且主语是the first zoo，谓语用单数，故填was established。
2．built 考查谓语动词的时态。句中“Five hundred years later”是过去的时间状语，谓语需要用过去式，故填built。
3．consisted考查谓语动词的时态。根据上下文可知，此处描述过去的情况，谓语动词用过去式，故填consisted。
4．were replaced 考查谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语“the zoos”和谓语动词replace之间为被动关系，并且是描述过去发生的事，且主语是the zoos，谓语用复数，故填were replaced。
5．(were) kept考查谓语动词的时态和语态。animals与keep之间为被动关系且描述过去的情况，故用一般过去时的被动语态，此处是并列谓语，前面已有be动词were，故可以省略were。故填(were) kept。
6．understood 考查谓语动词的时态。“As early as the 1940s”是过去的时间状语，谓语要用过去式，故填understood。
7．have tried/have been trying考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。时间状语为“Since then”，谓语常用现在完成时，此处也可用现在完成进行时表示动作一直持续进行，且主语是zoos，谓语用复数，故填have tried/have been trying。
8．to save 考查非谓语动词。rely on sb to do sth依靠某人做某事，故填to save。
9．(are) watched 考查谓语动词的时态。主语animals和谓语动词watch之间是被动关系，且此处与and前面的are fed...为并列关系，故填(are) watched。
10．are playing考查谓语动词的时态和主谓一致。由时间状语now可知，此处应该使用现在进行时，且主语programs是复数，故填are playing。
Passage 3（动词时态和语态及主谓一致考点语篇练）
My best friend Kaiya is like me. She 1.__________ (remind) me of myself. In the past, I 2.__________ (be) never confident because of my appearance. People always laughed at my weight, my height, my hairstyle, etc. At the time, I was the shortest student in my class. I started getting depressed. However, someone told me something that I will always remember.
It was in March. Surrounded by a group of girls who 3.__________ (point) at me and laughed at me, I couldn't help crying. The tears rolled down my face like a rushing river. To my surprise, someone lifted my head up and wiped the tears from my eyes.
I then knew it was our English teacher, Miss Li. She said, “You 4.__________ (be) perfect the way you are. You should never change or hate yourself. People 5.__________ (accept) you for who you 6.__________ (be). But if you cannot accept yourself, then how will other people accept you？” I 7.__________ (inspire) by her words. Over the past few months, I 8.__________ (learn) that no one is perfect and that we all have flaws. Now I have wonderful friends who 9.__________ (love) me for who I am.
Now, seeing Kaiya cry, I decide to tell her the same thing Miss Li 10.__________ (tell) me.
1．reminds根据第一句的时态可推知，本空应该用一般现在时，又因为主语为She，故答案为reminds。
2．was根据语境中的In the past可知，设空处用一般过去时，根据主语“I”可知答案为was。
3．pointed 根据后面的laughed可知，设空处为pointed。
4．are本句为直接引语，故用一般现在时。又因主语为you，故填are。
5．will accept 结合下文的“then how will other people accept you”可知答案为will accept。
6．are 由上下文语境可知，应填are。
7．was inspired 设空处表示过去的事情且主语与inspire为被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。又因为主语为I，故填was inspired。
8．have learned(learnt) 根据前面的“Over the past few months”可知，设空处用现在完成时。
9．love who 9.________(love) me for who I am 为定语从句，先行词为friends且设空处说的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，故答案为love。
10．told Miss Li 10.__________(tell) me为定语从句，设空处表示过去的事情，故用一般过去时。
Passage 4
（2025·甘青宁三省多校高三九月联考）
In the most southwestern part of China, the mountainous Yunnan province, you can see wild tea trees 1 have stood there for thousands of years. Since the Han dynasty, these trees, or more specifically their leaves, 2 (use) to make special varieties of black tea and to this day Yunnan remains one of the most important tea-producing regions.
The region of Yunnan, 3 (consider) to be the birthplace of tea, proves particularly suitable 4 the growth of tea trees because of its geographical characteristics. While the climate is generally mild and humid, and rain falls regularly, the landscape 5 (range) from snow-capped mountain s in the north to subtropical low-altitudes(亚热带低海拔地区) in the southeast. Tea leaves harvested from the wild tea trees growing there have several 6 (benefit). Having lived for hundreds, if not thousands of years, these ancient trees have taken in many minerals and nutrients from rich soil, 7 (add) the complexity and uniqueness of the flavor of the tea. Also, these trees have not been subjected to pesticides or artificial fertilizers.
Sadly, over the last decades, 8 number of ancient tea trees still in 9 (exist) has been on a stable decline. To keep up with demand and the production processes, many of the tea trees have been cut in half for more branches and leaves in an effort to produce bigger harvests. However, this practice obviously isn’t in the best interest of the tree 10 (it), ultimately leading to the death of many of these ancient trees.
【答案】
1．that/which 2．have been used 3．considered 4．for 5．ranges 6．benefits 7．adding 8．the 9．existence 10．itself
【解析】本文的体裁是一篇说明文。它主要介绍了中国云南省的野生茶树及其重要性，包括这些茶树的悠久历史、地理条件对茶树生长的影响、茶叶的益处，以及近年来古茶树数量减少的问题。
1．考查定语从句。句意：在中国最西南部的云南省，你可以看到已经屹立了数千年的野生茶树。“_____ have stood there for thousands of years”为定语从句，修饰先行词“wild tea trees”，且该定语从句缺少主语，又因为先行词指物，所以应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句，且在从句中作主语。故填that或which。
2．考查动词语态。句意：自汉朝以来，这些树木，或者更具体地说，它们的叶子，被用来制作特殊品种的红茶，直到今天，云南仍然是最重要的茶叶产区之一。根据时间状语“Since the Han dynasty”可知，此处描述的是从过去某一时间点开始一直持续到现在的情况，时态应用现在完成时；又因为主语“these trees, or more specifically their leaves”与use“使用”之间是被动关系，所以应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been used。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：云南地区，被认为是茶的发源地，由于其地理特征，特别适合茶树的生长。“_____ (consider) to be the birthplace of tea”为定语，修饰The region of Yunnan，且consider“认为”与“The region of Yunnan”之间是被动关系，所以应用过去分词形式，作定语。故填considered。
4．考查固定短语。句意：云南地区，被认为是茶的发源地，由于其地理特征，特别适合茶树的生长。be suitable for为固定短语，意为“适合”。故填for。
5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然气候普遍温和湿润，雨水定期降落，但景观从北部的雪山到东南部的亚热带低海拔地区各不相同。range from...to...“范围从……到……”。“_____ (range) from snow-capped mountains in the north to subtropical low-altitudes in the southeast”为主句，且描述的是客观事实，所以时态应用一般现在时；又因为主语the landscape为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填ranges。
6．考查名词的数。句意：从那里生长的野生茶树采摘的茶叶有几种好处。benefit为可数名词，意为“好处”，且前面有several修饰，所以应用复数形式。故填benefits。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些古树已经存活了数百年，甚至数千年，它们从肥沃的土壤中吸收了许多矿物质和养分，增加了茶叶风味的复杂性和独特性。“_____ (add) the complexity and uniqueness of the flavor of the tea”为状语，且add“增加”与逻辑主语these ancient trees之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式作状语。故填adding。
8．考查冠词。句意：令人遗憾的是，在过去的几十年里，仍然存在的古茶树数量一直在稳定下降。the number of为固定短语，意为“……的数量”，所以本空应填不定冠词the。故填the。
9．考查名词。句意：令人遗憾的是，在过去的几十年里，仍然存在的古茶树数量一直在稳定下降。exist为动词，意为“存在”，此处应用其名词形式existence作介词in的宾语。故填existence。
10．考查代词。句意：然而，这种做法显然不符合树木自身的最佳利益，最终导致了许多这些古树的死亡。此处作介词of的宾语，指代“the tree”，所以应用itself“它自己”。故填itself。
单句语法填空
1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess 61． (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin.
【答案】touched
【解析】考查时态。句意：无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语，根据时间状语last week可知应使用一般过去时，故填touched。
2.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）＂This really excites scientists,＂ Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, ＂because it 67． (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68． (construct) .＂
【答案】means
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“这真的使科学家们激动，”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说：“因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知，此处也使用一般现在时，主语是it，所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means，故填means。
【答案】is constructed
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知，此处是宾语从句谓语动词，谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时，主语the moon是单数，故填is constructed。
3．（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）The artist was sure he would63．(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed.
【答案】be chosen
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。
4．（2020·新课标III卷语法填空）When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66． (point) down the river.
【答案】pointed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。
5.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，more food 59．(need).
【答案】was needed
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。分析句子，逻辑主语和need之间表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。food为不可数名词。故填was needed。
6.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61． (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
【答案】had discovered
【解析】考查时态。句意：大约在公元前6000年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到……为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered.
7.（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65． (mean)that fewer people worked in farming.
【答案】meant
【解析】考查时态。句意：新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子，主句部分无其他动词，故此处需填时态。文章的整体时态是过去时，根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。
8.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, 38． (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.
【答案】formed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:例如，汉斯 斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语in1759可知，应使用一般过去时。故填formed。
9.（2020·山东卷语法填空）The parts of a museum open to the public 40． (call) galleries or rooms.
【答案】are called
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用，应使用一般现在时；主语与call是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态，且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
10.（2020·全国新课标II）This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers 62．____ (carry) special significance.
【答案】carries
【解析】考查主谓一致。句意：这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一个表语从句，从句主语为动名词短语decorating with plants, fruits and flowers，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填carries。
11.（2019全国I卷）In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.
【答案】have reported
【解析】考查时态。根据上下文语境，尤其是时间状语in recent years可知，主句用现在完成时态，故填have reported。
12.（2019全国II卷）Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award，proud Irene ______(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business.
【答案】declared
【解析】考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，该句主语为Irene，此处为谓语成分，根据后文had 以及said 可知用一般过去时态，故填declared。
13.（2019全国III卷）Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _____(recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit.
【答案】recommended
【解析】考查一般过去时态。句意：我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。
14.（2019浙江卷）When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______ (have) to worry about fashion(时尚).
【答案】will have/has
【解析】考查时态。句意：当每个学生在校穿校服时，没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，因此，主句可以使用将来时will do；根据语境可知，本文叙述的是客观事实，因此，本句亦可用一般现在时，主语是nobody，谓语用has。故填will have/has。
15.（2019浙江卷）One study in America found that students' grades _____ (improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms.
【答案】improved
【解析】考查时态。句意：美国的一项研究发现，在学校引入校服后，学生的成绩有所提高。本句是after引导的时间状语从句，前后时态保持一致，从句使用了一般过去式，主句用一般过去式。故填improved。
16.（2018全国I卷）While running regularly can't make you live forever，the review says it (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.is
【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it，故用is。
17.（2018全国II卷）Since 2011, the country (grow) more corn than rice.
【答案】has grown
【解析】考查时态。由句中的时间状语Since 2011可知，此空应用现在完成时。
18.（2018全国II卷）The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005－when the government ______(start) a soiltesting program which gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers－and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.
【答案】started
【解析】考查时态。根据语境可知，此处叙述发生在过去的情况，应用一般过去时，故填started。
19.（2018全国III卷）I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel (challenge)．
【答案】challenged
【解析】考查时态。 此处表示“我迅速低下头避免和它直视，以便它不会感到受到挑战”，主语he和challenge构成被动关系，故填challenged。
20.（2018全国III卷）True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature，the huge animal (mean) me no real harm.
【答案】meant
【解析】考查时态。由于此处描述的动作已经发生，故用一般过去时。
21.（2018浙江卷） I still remember visiting a friend who'd lived here for five years and I (shock) when I learnt she hadn't cooked once in all that time.
【答案】was shocked
【解析】考查时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示“我感到很震惊”，shock与主语I为被动关系，同时根据后面的learnt可知，时态为一般过去时，所以填was shocked。句意：我还记得访问过一个住在这里5年的朋友，当我知道她在这段时间里没有煮过一次饭的时候，我很震惊。
22. (2018·浙江)While regularly eating out seems to ___61___(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost.
【答案】have become
【解析】考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have become。
23.（2017全国I卷）When fat and salt (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
【答案】are removed
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，由于主语fat and salt是复数概念，且与remove是被动关系，所以填一般现在时的被动语态结构are removed。句意：当脂肪和盐被从食物中除去时，食物的味道就好像它缺少某种东西一样。
24.（2017全国II卷）Steam engines (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.
【答案】were used
【解析】考查时态和被动语态。steam engines与use是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。句意：用冒着烟雾和带有噪音的蒸汽机拉马车，这对乘客来说一定是相当不愉快的体验。
25.（2017全国II卷）Later, engineers (manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known as the Tube.
【答案】managed
【解析】考查时态。全文讲述的是发生在过去的事情，故用一般过去时。句意：后来，工程师们成功地在一个深挖隧道的系统中建造铁路，这种系统被称为地铁。
26.（2017全国III卷）Sarah (tell) that she could be Britain's new supermodel, earning a million dollars in the next year.
【答案】has been told/was told
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境，萨拉应该是“被告知”她能成为英国新的超模儿，可以用现在完成时或一般过去时。句意：有人告诉萨拉，她可能成为英国的新超级名模，下一年可以赚一百万美元。
27.（2017全国III卷）But at the moment，school (come) first.
【答案】comes
【解析】考查动词时态。此处为陈述客观事实，故用一般现在时。
28.(2017·浙江卷6月)Pahlsson and her husband 62.________ (search) the kitchen, checking every corner, but turned up nothing. “I gave up hope of finding my ring again，” she says. She never replaced it.
Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got 63.________ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and was spread over the garden.
【答案】searched
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据语意可知，他们过去曾搜遍了整个厨房，故填searched。
【答案】 swept
【解析】考查过去分词。此处是get done结构，表示被动，意为“被扫进了垃圾堆”。
29. (2016·全国卷Ⅲ)Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic. Truly elegant chopsticks might (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
【答案】be made
【解析】考查情态动词表推测。be made 根据语境可知，筷子是被制造的。此处为含有情态动词的被动语态might be done。
30.(2016·全国新课标I)So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, I_____62_（allow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.
【答案】was allowed
【解析】考查时态和语态。根据句意可知作者是被允许走近这些动物， be allowed to do sth“被允许做某事”。
31.(2016·全国新课标III)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 49 (be) too violent for use at the table.
【答案】were
【解析】考查时态。根据句意可知，这里指的是刀子因太暴力而不适合在餐桌上使用，believed后跟一个宾语从句，and连接了两个并列的谓语，主语knives是复数，根据时态一致的原则，这里用一般过去时，故填were。
32.(2016·上海)(B)In recent years, stress(33)______(regard) as a cause of a whole range of medical problems, from high blood pressure to mental illness.
【答案】has been regarded
【解析】考查时态语态。本句的时间状语是in recent years最近几年以来，该时间状语通常和现在完成时连用，且句子主语stress与动词regard构成被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态形式has been regarded。
33.(2016·四川)
The giant panda 41 (love) by people throughout the world.
Then, after two and a half years, the mother 49 (drive)the young panda away.
【答案】is loved
【解析】句意：大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢。根据句意可知用一般现在时态的被动语态，The giant panda是单数第三人称形式，故填is loved。
【答案】drove
【解析】句意：然后，两年半后妈妈让小熊猫离开。根据句意可知用一般过去时态，故填drove。
34.(2015·全国Ⅰ,61)It was raining lightly when I (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
【答案】arrived
【解析】根据前后句时态可知,此处用一般过去时。
35.(2015·全国Ⅰ,67)Yangshuo (be) really beautiful.
【答案】is
【解析】这里表述的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。
36.(2014·全国Ⅰ,61)It (be)unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up.
【答案】was
【解析】此空应与后面的could在时态上保持一致,故用一般过去时。
37.(2015·全国Ⅱ,68)This cycle (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night...
【答案】goes
【解析】此空应与后面的warm在时态上保持一致,故用一般现在时。
38.(2014·全国Ⅱ,65)A boy on a bike (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.
【答案】caught
【解析】根据下文中的was可知,该句谓语动词用一般过去时。
39.(2012·新课标Ⅰ,23)“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say, “because every step (show).”
【答案】shows
【解析】这句话说的是客观事实,故用一般现在时。
40.(2012·新课标Ⅱ,18)The manager (tell)the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.
【答案】has been telling
【解析】此处表示从九点钟一直持续并依然在进行的动作,故用现在完成进行时。
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