Unit4单元重点语法讲练2024-2025学年外研版七年级英语下册
祈使句语法讲解与练习
1. 定义
祈使句用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等句子。
2. 祈使句的形式
（1）肯定形式
| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 |
|------|------|------|
| Do型 | 动词原形（+宾语）+其它 | Please have a seat here. |
| Be型 | Be+表语+其他 | Be a good child! |
| Let型 | Let+宾语+动词原形+其他 | Let me help you. |
（2）否定形式
| 类型 | 结构 | 例句 |
| Do型 | Don't + 动词原形 | Don't forget me! |
| Be型 | Don't be + 表语 | Please don't be late for school! |
| Let型 | Don't let + 宾语 + 动词原形 | Don't let him go. |
| Let型 | Let + 宾语 + not + 动词原形 | Let him not go. |
| No型 | No + 动名词/名词 | No smoking! No fishing! No photos! |
练习题
一、句型识别
判断下列句子属于哪种祈使句类型（Do型/Be型/Let型/No型）：
1. Open the window, please.
2. Be quiet in the library.
3. Let's go to the park.
4. No parking here.
5. Don't be afraid.
二、句子转换
将下列肯定祈使句改为否定祈使句：
1. Sit down.
2. Be careful.
3. Let them play outside.
4. Talk loudly.
5. Turn on the TV.
三、改错题
找出并改正下列句子中的错误：
1. Not be late for class.
2. Lets go home now.
3. Don't to touch the painting.
4. No swim in this pool.
5. Be not silly.
四、翻译题
将下列句子翻译成英语：
请不要在这里吸烟。
让他别担心。
做个好学生！
别忘记你的作业。
禁止拍照！
五、补全句子
用所给词的适当形式补全句子：
1. ______ (not talk) during the exam.
2. ______ (be) kind to animals.
3. ______ (let) me help you with your bags.
4. ______ (no) littering in the park.
5. ______ (close) the door when you leave.
六、情景应用
根据情景写出合适的祈使句：
你想让同学保持安静。
你想告诉游客不要喂动物。
你想建议朋友一起去看电影。
你想警告别人不要碰热的东西。
你想鼓励队友不要放弃。
七、选择题
选择正确的祈使句形式：
1. ______ so rude to your sister!
A. Don't be
B. Not be
C. Don't
D. Be not
2. ______ the flowers in the garden.
A. Don't pick
B. Not pick
C. No pick
D. Picking not
3. ______ me know if you need help.
A. Let
B. Lets
C. Letting
D. To let
4. ______ photos in the museum!
A. Don't take
B. No take
C. No taking
D. Both A and C
5. ______ careful when crossing the street.
A. Do
B. Be
C. Being
D. To be
八、综合题
按要求完成句子：
1. (肯定) ______ (open) your books to page 50.
2. (否定) ______ (let) the dog sleep on the sofa.
3. (禁止) ______ (smoke) in this area.
4. (请求) ______ (pass) me the salt, please.
5. (劝告) ______ (not worry) about the test.
答案
一、句型识别
1. Do型
2. Be型
3. Let型
4. No型
5. Be型
二、句子转换
1. Don't sit down.
2. Don't be careful. (注意：虽然语义不太合理，但这是语法转换)
3. Don't let them play outside. / Let them not play outside.
4. Don't talk loudly.
5. Don't turn on the TV.
三、改错题
1. Not be → Don't be
2. Lets → Let's
3. Don't to touch → Don't touch
4. No swim → No swimming
5. Be not → Don't be
四、翻译题
1. Please don't smoke here. / No smoking here!
2. Let him not worry. / Don't let him worry.
3. Be a good student!
4. Don't forget your homework.
5. No photos! / Don't take photos!
五、补全句子
1. Don't talk
2. Be
3. Let
4. No
5. Close
六、情景应用
(参考答案)
1. Be quiet, please.
2. Don't feed the animals. / No feeding the animals.
3. Let's go to see a movie.
4. Don't touch the hot things!
5. Don't give up!
七、选择题
1. A
2. A
3. A
4. D
5. B
八、综合题
1. Open
2. Don't let / Let not
3. No smoking
4. Pass
5. Don't worry
