2024 - 2025学年九年级下册英语沪教牛津版Unit 3 The environment
单元培优卷
注意事项
1. 全卷满分100分。考试时间90分钟。试题包含选择题和非选择题。考生答题全部答在答题卡上，答在本试卷上无效。
2. 请认真核对监考教师在答题卡上所粘贴条形码的姓名、考试证号是否与本人相符，再将自己的姓名、考试证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在答题卡及本试卷上。
3. 答选择题必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应的答案标号涂黑。如需改动请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在答题卡的指定位置，在其他位置答题一律无效 。
第一部分 选择题（满分：45分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
( )1．There are four ways to travel from London to Amsterdam and the best ________ is by train because the journey takes only four hours.
A．choice B．subject C．question D．purpose
( )2．—Jack, I’m stressed because my parents are always comparing me with others.
—________, Millie. Talk to them and let them know how you feel.
A．Cheer up B．No way C．My pleasure D．Well done
( )3．Due to the tense international situation, many countries are trying to ______ their military defenses.
A．increase B．strengthen C．expand D．enlarge
( )4．—My parents always go for a walk after dinner unless it rains or snows.
—What a healthy ________! No wonder they always seem to be energetic.
A．result B．decision C．promise D．habit
( )5．The students from America enjoy staying in our school because everyone is ________ to them.
A．friendly B．hardly C．happily
( )6．The international community calls for a peaceful ______ to the conflict to avoid more casualties.
A．solution B．answer C．way D．method
( )7．The ________ is the best school: every tree, river, and animal in it has a story to teach us.
A．stage B．history C．nature
( )8．Hua Hua—a panda at Chengdu Giant Panda Base is ______ because of her cute looks.
A．public B．popular C．proper
( )9．After discussing the project several times, they finally reached a(n) ________ on the deadline.
A．purpose B．victory C．agreement D．exchange
( )10．I don’t know the way to the hotel. Can you tell me the ________of it
A．position B．victory C．energy D．purpose
( )11．—Amazingly, I’ve managed to solve the math problem by myself.
—________. I told you it was not difficult.
A．Come on B．With pleasure C．You have a point D．There you are
( )12．—I want to follow in my grandfather’s footsteps and study Traditional Chinese Medicine.
—________! It’s really meaningful.
A．You can do it B．Oh dear C．What a shame D．Got it
( )13．—I failed to pass the driving test again! I must be a fool!
— ________. No man is born wise or learned.
A．It’s just so so B．Sound nice C．I hope not D．Hold your head up
( )14．—Am I a foolish boy I failed the exam again!
—Oh, Tom, don’t lose heart. ________! I believe you will make it next time.
A．Just do it B．Got it C．Thank goodness D．You have a point
( )15．—I am afraid we can’t win this time. The competing team is too strong.
—Oh, my boy, the game is not all about winning. ________!
A．What a pity B．It’s a piece of cake C．I believe you can D．Just do it
二、完型填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
One day in 2014, Xu Yitang, a college student, went to the Beijing Zoo with his friends for a birthday celebration. When he 16 the aquarium (水族馆) there, he was lost in the beauty and mystery of coral (珊瑚).
From that day on, Xu often went to the local market to learn about coral farming. He also searched for 17 about coral online. Before long, he 18 to grow coral at home. That wasn’t easy. He faced many 19 but he never gave up.
As he spent more time researching coral, Xu 20 that coral played an important role in the ocean. 21 , rising sea temperatures killed a lot of coral. Xu felt a strong sense of responsibility (责任) to protect coral, which led him to make a life-changing 22 After graduation, he chose to become a coral conservationist (环境保护主义者) 23 he had been studying Peking opera since childhood.
Now Xu works in Hainan 24 a coral conservationist. Each day, he spends several hours underwater watching and recording the growth and 25 of coral. During his free time, he 26 amazing photos and videos of coral online. Through the photos and videos, Xu wishes more people to 27 coral and have knowledge about coral so that they can learn how to protect coral. “Understanding coral is the first 28 to protect it,” he says.
While protecting coral, he met his wife, Liu Xiwen, through 29 same hobby of diving (潜水) in Hainan. “ 30 from many young people who mind their own business, he cares more about protecting the environment than what to eat or what to wear. I’m proud of him,” says Liu.
( )16．A．called B．visited C．cleaned D．repaired
( )17．A．medicine B．answers C．mysteries D．information
( )18．A．began B．refused C．forgot D．waited
( )19．A．businesses B．technologies C．challenges D．changes
( )20．A．realized B．argued C．explained D．disagreed
( )21．A．Finally B．Instead C．However D．Certainly
( )22．A．speech B．decision C．prediction D．mistake
( )23．A．because B．unless C．until D．although
( )24．A．as B．by C．like D．for
( )25．A．friendship B．background C．development D．excitement
( )26．A．prints B．shares C．sends D．takes
( )27．A．take control of B．look forward to C．take pride in D．pay attention to
( )28．A．step B．time C．point D．reason
( )29．A．his B．their C．her D．our
( )30．A．Absent B．Available C．Different D．Independent
三、阅读单选（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
（A）
When you think of the sea, you may not think of Xinjiang or Inner Mongolia. But recently, the “seafood” produced in these places has become popular, especially after Japan put nuclear-contaminated water (核污染水) into the sea, reported China Daily.
In Nilka county in Xinjiang, about 6, 000 tons of rainbow trout (虹鳟鱼) will be produced this year. Rainbow trout belongs to the same family as salmon (鲑鱼) , which is a kind of well-known seafood. It tastes like salmon too.
Why do farmers there choose to grow fish The weather in some parts of Xinjiang is seldom hot, and the rivers are fed by meltwater (融水) from the Tianshan Mountains. Water deeper than 6 meters always stays at 10℃. As the meltwater is very clean and cold, it's a “comfortable” home for fish, Li Chunyu, a worker at a fish company in Xinjiang, told China Daily.
To make sure the river stays clean, the company uses machines to clean fish waste in the water. They also use net cages that are good for the environment. The nets are about 51 meters wide and lie 25 meters deep in the river.
Meanwhile, In Inner Mongolia, whiteleg shrimp (南美白对虾) grows well. Saline soil (盐碱土) covers a large part of the desert where few plants are able to grow. Farmers used to put water from the Yellow River onto the farmland to wash away the salt. This was a waste of salty water.
Scientists then decided to create “seawater” with the salty water by adding in some other components (成分) . Whiteleg shrimps can live well in this kind of water. They taste no different from the same kind of shrimp that grows in the sea.
( )31．Where does Rainbow trout live
A．any open water area B．warm and clean rivers
C．salty and warm oceans D．cold and clean rivers
( )32．Which country put nuclear-contaminated into the sea
A．China B．France C．Japan D．India
( )33．Why do people turn their eyes from Japan’s seafood to Xinjiang’s
A．Xinjiang’s seafood is much tastier B．the ocean environment is polluted
C．people find a new ocean in Xinjiang D．Xinjiang produces all kinds of seafood
( )34．Why is whiteleg shrimp introduced in the story
A．To show the importance of rivers to a country.
B．To introduce the safety of eating seafood.
C．To compare it with common whiteleg shrimp.
D．To show another “seafood” grown without using the sea.
( )35．What is the hidden message of the story
A．Life will not be different without seafood.
B．Japan shouldn’t let out nuclear-contaminated water.
C．China won’t be short of fish products.
D．Xinjiang is rich in natural resources
（B）
The World Environment Day is celebrated on June 5th every year. It is a day to raise awareness about environmental protection. This year’s theme is “Ecosystem Restoration”.
Ecosystem restoration means bringing back the balance of nature. It includes activities such as planting trees, cleaning rivers, and protecting wildlife. When we restore ecosystems, we can improve the quality of the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the land we live on.
Many countries are taking action to restore their ecosystems. For example, in some places, people are planting millions of trees to create new forests. In others, rivers are being cleaned up to make the water safe for fish and other animals. Scientists are also working hard to protect endangered species.
However, ecosystem restoration is not an easy task. It requires the efforts of everyone. We can all do our part, such as reducing waste, using less water, and recycling. Only by working together can we make our planet a better place.
( )36．When is the World Environment Day celebrated
A．On May 6th. B．On June 5th. C．On July 5th. D．On August 6th.
( )37．What is this year’s theme of the World Environment Day
A．Protect the Wildlife B．Clean the Rivers
C．Ecosystem Restoration D．Reduce Waste
( )38．What does ecosystem restoration include
A．Cutting down trees. B．Polluting rivers.
C．Planting trees, cleaning rivers, and protecting wildlife. D．Killing endangered species.
( )39．Why are many countries taking action to restore their ecosystems
A．To make more money. B．To improve the quality of the air, water, and land.
C．To cut down more trees. D．To have more endangered species.
( )40．What can we do to help with ecosystem restoration
A．Increase waste. B．Use more water. C．Recycle. D．Hunt more wildlife.
（C）
Plastic is an important part of our daily life. It is very cheap, strong and long lasting. However, we use a lot of it but recycle little. The world produces more than 350 million tons of plastic waste each year. But only less than 10% of the waste gets recycled. This has left us with a growing mountain of plastic pollution.
Recycling plastic can be tough because it is not easy to separate all the different kinds of plastic simply by looking at them. A group of scientists wanted to find a way to solve it so that they could recycle more plastic and produce better products. To do this, they tried to see if computers with cameras could learn to recognize (识别) 12 kinds of plastic.
First, the scientists placed 12 plastic samples (样本) under a special camera one by one to get the spectra (波谱) of them. Next, the camera sent the information to a computer to help it analyze the similarities and differences between the spectra, so that the computer could recognize the type of plastic itself. Finally, the computer's learning was put to the test! Scientists placed three kinds of unknown plastic under the camera to see if the computer could tell them. Luckily, the computer made it!
The study shows that this technology can help us to recycle more plastic. The results can be used in our life successfully. The scientists are now trying to cut down the information the computer needed. This means that the computer can recognize the types of plastic more quickly. This is an exciting step towards cutting down the plastic waste that we are creating.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
( )41．How does the writer describe plastic pollution in Paragraph 1
A．By telling a joke. B．By listing numbers. C．By asking a question. D．By using an old saying.
( )42．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “tough” in Paragraph 2
①having or causing problems or difficulties
②requiring that some rules must be followed
③unlucky for sb. in a way that seems unfair
④strong enough to deal with difficult situations
A．① B．② C．③ D．④
( )43．What information did the camera send to the computer
A．The colors of plastic samples. B．The weights of plastic samples.
C．The sizes of plastic samples. D．The spectra of plastic samples.
( )44．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．How the study was done. B．How plastic was collected.
C．How the results were used in our life. D．How plastic was turned into new products.
( )45．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To introduce a study about recycling the plastic.
B．To explain the importance of recycling the plastic.
C．To discuss how serious the environmental problem is.
D．To encourage people to invent a new kind of plastic.
第二部分 非选择题（满分：55分）
四、词汇应用（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
46．It’s p (恰当的) to say thank you if someone helps you.
47．I believe that nothing is (possible) if we try our best.
48．Yunnan provincial (政府) is cleaning up the local tourism industry in order to win the tourists’ trust again.
49．It is a good (habit) to do some reading before you go to bed every day.
50．Lily is always (friend) to other people, so everyone likes her.
51．We should care for our wild animals and create a (friend) environment for them.
52． It is a good (habit) to do some reading before you go to bed every day.
53．Everybody should make a contribution to building a . (绿色城市)
54．In (自然), you can find new and interesting things everywhere with your own eyes.
55．We’ll need a flat (表面) to play the game on. Could you help us
五、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
56．政府出台政策要学生加强体育锻炼。
The has introduced policies to ask students to do more physical exercise.
57．美丽的大自然依赖于每个人的保护。
depends on everyone’s protection.
58．中国政府会保护中国人的安全的。
The Chinese will protect the safety of all Chinese people.
59．张老师的话对那个小男孩已经起作用了。
Mr. Zhang’s words have to the little boy.
60．我们是时候采取措施保护这些濒危动物了。
It’s time for us to take steps to protect these animals .
六、短文首字母填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）
根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。
Balloons are a symbol of celebration. People love to release (放) colorful balloons for special events (事件), such as f 61 and ceremonies. Colorful balloons may look pretty, b 62 they can bring about some serious problems.
After balloons are released, they can end up hundreds of kilometers away f 63 where they were released, causing great harm to the environment and wildlife. They can fly a 64 everywhere, including waterways, oceans, mountains and farmlands.
Well, in our daily life, there are two types of balloons. Most of the balloons we use are latex (乳 胶) balloons. In fact, i 65 will take them six months to four years to decompose (分解) and they can cause pollution before they do. The other one is Mylar (聚酯薄膜) balloons. They are a k 66 of plastic balloons which can not be decomposed and can stay in the environment forever. Similar to plastic bags, the Mylar balloons break into smaller pieces in the sun.
All of these materials can add to the amount of plastic w 67 in our environment. At the same time, it can result the death of animals. Sea animals, such as whales, sea birds often mistake balloon pieces for food, and if eaten, those pieces can make them h 68 to breathe and then cause them to die. Even worse, some birds are collecting balloon pieces, thinking that they are food, and even f 69 them to their babies
So, don’t release balloons any more in order to r 70 the pollution and protect animals. Small step we take can make the world better, healthier and cleaner.
七、材料作文（本大题共20分）
71．某英语杂志社将以“低碳生活，从我做起”为主题，开展英语征文比赛。请你根据以下表格中的要点提示，以“Going Green Starts with Small Things”为题，写一篇英语短文参赛。
内容要点 具体做法
绿色出行 步行或骑自行车上学
厉行节约 节约用水、用电和食物等
其他方式 ……
提出倡议 ……
要求：
（1）短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息，并适当发挥；
（2）词数：80左右（短文标题和开头已给出，不计入总词数）；
（3）文中不得出现与考生相关的真实姓名、校名和地名。
Going Green Starts with Small Things
Everyone can make small changes in lifestyle to reduce pollution and waste. _
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案及试题解析
选择题
单项选择
1．A
【详解】句意：从伦敦到阿姆斯特丹有四种旅行方式，最佳选择是乘火车去，因为这段旅程只需要四个小时。
考查名词辨析。choice选择；subject科目；question问题；purpose意图。根据“There are four ways to travel from London to Amsterdam and the best...is by train.”可知，此处指最好的选择是坐火车。故选A。
2．A
【详解】句意：——Jack，我压力很大，因为我父母总是拿我和别人比较。——振作起来，Millie。和他们谈谈，让他们知道你的感受。
考查情境交际。Cheer up振作起来；No way没门；My pleasure我的荣幸；Well done做得好。根据“Jack, I’m stressed because my parents are always comparing me with others.”可知表示“鼓励对方振作”，用“Cheer up”，故选A。
3．B
【详解】句意：由于国际紧张的局势，许多国家正试图加强他们的军事防御能力。
考查动词辨析。increase增加，强调数量或程度的增长；strengthen加强；expand扩展，指范围扩大；enlarge扩大尺寸，多用于物理空间。根据“Due to the tense international situation, many countries are trying to...their military defenses.”可知，空处指“加强防御能力”，需动词strength，strengthen defenses为常用搭配，表示“加强防御能力”。故选B。
4．D
【详解】句意：——我的父母总是在晚饭后去散步，除非下雨或下雪。——多么健康的一个习惯啊！难怪他们看起来总是精力充沛。
考查名词词义辨析。result结果；decision决定；promise承诺；habit习惯。根据“My parents always go for a walk after dinner unless it rains or snows.”可知，此处是指散步是健康的习惯，故填D。
5．A
【详解】句意：来自美国的学生们喜欢待在我们学校，因为每个人对他们都很友好。
考查形容词的用法。friendly友好的；hardly几乎不，为副词；happily高兴地，为副词。根据“The students from America enjoy staying in our school because everyone is …to them.”可知，be动词is后接形容词作表语。A选项是形容词，BC项均是副词。故选A。
6．A
【详解】句意：国际社会呼吁和平解决冲突以避免更多伤亡。
考查名词辨析。solution解决办法，解决方案；answer回答；way方式，方法；method方法。这里说的是和平解决冲突的办法，solution更符合语境，a peaceful solution to...表示“……的和平解决方案” 。故选A。
7．C
【详解】句意：大自然是最好的学校：每一棵树、每一条河、每一只动物都有一个故事可以教给我们。
考查名词辨析。stage舞台；history历史；nature自然。根据“every tree, river, and animal”可知，树、河和动物属于大自然，故选C。
8．B
【详解】句意：——华华是成都大熊猫基地的一只熊猫，因其可爱的外表而受欢迎。
考查形容词词义辨析。public公共的；popular受欢迎的；proper合适的。根据句意，华华因其可爱的外表而受欢迎。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：经过几次讨论，他们终于就完工时间达成了一致。
考查名词辨析。purpose目的；victory胜利；agreement一致；exchange交换。根据“After discussing the project several times, they finally reached a(n) … on the finishing time”可知，讨论之后就完工时间达成了一致，reach an agreement“达成一致”，故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：我不知道去酒店的路，你能告诉我它的位置吗？
考查名词辨析。position位置；victory胜利；energy能量；purpose目的。根据“I don’t know the way to the hotel.”可知，询问的是酒店的位置。故选A。
11．D
【详解】句意：——令人惊讶的是，我自己解决了这个数学问题。——我就说嘛。我告诉过你它不难。
考查情景交际。Come on来吧；With pleasure乐意效劳；You have a point你说的对；There you are我早就说过。根据“I told you it was not difficult.”可知D项“我早就说过”符合语境，故选D。
12．A
【详解】句意：——我想要跟随我祖父步伐学习传统中医药。——你可以的！它真的有意义。
考查情景交际。You can do it你可以的；Oh dear哦，亲爱的；What a shame真可惜；Got it明白了。根据答句中“It’s really meaningful.”可知，这真的很有意义，此处是在鼓励对方。故选A。
13．D
【详解】句意：——我又没通过驾驶考试！我一定是个笨蛋！——振作起来！没有人是生而知之者。
考查情景交际。It’s just so so一般般；Sound nice听起来不错；I hope not我希望不是；Hold your head up振作起来。根据“No man is born wise or learned”可知，空处表示鼓励对方要振作起来。故选D。
14．A
【详解】句意：——我是个愚蠢的男孩吗？我又没通过考试！——哦，汤姆，别灰心。加油！我相信你下次会成功的。
考查情景交际。Just do it加油；Got it明白了；Thank goodness谢天谢地；You have a point你说得有道理。根据“don’t lose heart”和“I believe you will make it next time”可知，这里是鼓励对方不要放弃，故选A。
15．D
【详解】句意：——恐怕这次我们赢不了。竞争队伍太强大了。——哦，我的孩子，这场比赛并不全是为了赢。尽管去做就对了！
考查情景交际。What a pity真是遗憾；It’s a piece of cake小菜一碟；I believe you can我相信你能；Just do it尽管去做。根据“the game is not all about winning”可知，说话者在鼓励参赛者不用担心比赛的输赢，享受比赛就好，D选项符合情景。故选D。
二、完型填空
16．B 17．D 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．C 22．B 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了大学生徐一棠因参观水族馆对珊瑚产生兴趣，经探索尝试后成功种植珊瑚，他意识到珊瑚重要性，毕业后成为珊瑚保护主义者，工作时结识同爱潜水的妻子，他因更关注环保而非自身生活细节而令妻子骄傲 。
16．句意：当他参观那里的水族馆时，他沉浸在珊瑚的美丽和神秘之中。
call打电话；visit参观；clean打扫；repair修理。根据“the aquarium there”可知，是参观水族馆，故选B。
17．句意：他还上网搜索有关珊瑚的信息。
medicine药；answers答案；mysteries神秘事物；information信息。根据“about coral online”可知，是在网上搜索关于珊瑚的信息，故选D。
18．句意：不久，他开始在家里种植珊瑚。
began开始；refused拒绝；forgot忘记；waited等待。根据前文他经常去当地市场了解珊瑚养殖以及在网上搜索信息，可知这里是开始在家里种植珊瑚，故选A。
19．句意：他面临许多挑战，但他从未放弃。
businesses生意；technologies技术；challenges挑战；changes变化。根据“but he never gave up”可知，种植珊瑚不容易，会面临很多挑战，故选C。
20．句意：随着他花更多时间研究珊瑚，他意识到珊瑚在海洋中起着重要的作用。
realized意识到；argued争论；explained解释；disagreed不同意。根据“coral played an important role in the ocean”可知，是他意识到珊瑚的重要性，故选A。
21．句意：然而，不断上升的海水温度导致很多珊瑚死亡。
Finally最后；Instead相反；However然而；Certainly当然。前文说珊瑚很重要，这里说海水温度上升导致珊瑚死亡，前后是转折关系，故选C。
22．句意：徐感到有强烈的责任感来保护珊瑚，这促使他做出了一个改变人生的决定。
speech演讲；decision决定；prediction预测；mistake错误。根据“he chose to become a coral conservationist”可知，是做出了成为环保主义者的决定，故选B。
23．句意：现在徐作为一名珊瑚保护主义者在海南工作，尽管他从小就一直在学习京剧。
because因为；unless除非；until直到；although尽管。前后句是转折关系，“从小学习京剧”和“成为珊瑚保护主义者”之间存在让步关系，故选D。
24．句意：现在徐作为一名珊瑚保护主义者在海南工作。
as作为；by通过；like像；for为了。这里表示“作为”一名珊瑚保护主义者，故选A。
25．句意：每天，他都会花几个小时在水下观察和记录珊瑚的生长和发展。
friendship友谊；background背景；development发展；excitement兴奋。根据“the growth and... of coral”可知，是记录珊瑚的生长和发展，故选C。
26．句意：在他的空闲时间，他在网上分享珊瑚的惊人照片和视频。
prints打印；shares分享；sends发送；takes拍摄。根据“online”可知，是在网上分享照片和视频，故选B。
27．句意：通过照片和视频，徐希望更多的人关注珊瑚并了解珊瑚，以便他们能够学习如何保护珊瑚。
take control of控制；look forward to期待；take pride in以……为傲；pay attention to关注。根据“have knowledge about coral so that they can learn how to protect coral”可知，是希望人们关注珊瑚，故选D。
28．句意：“了解珊瑚是保护它的第一步，”他说。
step步骤；time时间；point要点；reason原因。根据“to protect it”可知，了解珊瑚是保护它的第一步，故选A。
29．句意：在保护珊瑚的过程中，他通过相同的潜水爱好在海南遇到了他的妻子刘茜雯。
his他的；their他们的；her她的；our我们的。这里指徐一棠和他的妻子有相同的潜水爱好，“他们”共同的爱好，用their，故选B。
30．句意：“与其他很多只关心自己事情的年轻人不同，他更关心保护环境而不是吃什么穿什么。我为他感到骄傲，”刘茜雯说。
Absent缺席的；Available可获得的；Different不同的；Independent独立的。根据“from many young people who mind their own business, he cares more about protecting the environment than what to eat or what to wear”可知，他和其他年轻人不同，故选C。
三、阅读单选
（A）、31．D 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了新疆和内蒙古的“海鲜”很受欢迎，并且介绍了虹鳟鱼和南美白对虾的养殖方法。
31．细节理解题。根据“As the meltwater is very clean and cold, it’s a ‘comfortable’ home for fish”可知，虹鳟鱼生活在干净寒冷的水中。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据“But recently, the ‘seafood’ produced in these places has become popular, especially after Japan put nuclear-contaminated water (核污染水) into the sea,”可知，是日本将核污染水排入大海。故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据“But recently, the ‘seafood’ produced in these places has become popular, especially after Japan put nuclear-contaminated water (核污染水) into the sea”可知，因为海洋环境被污染了，所以人们的目光从日本的海鲜转向了新疆的。故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据“Scientists then decided to create ‘seawater’ with the salty water by adding in some other components (成分) . Whiteleg shrimps can live well in this kind of water. They taste no different from the same kind of shrimp that grows in the sea.”可知，科学家们决定通过添加一些其他成分，用盐水制造“海水”，南美白对虾在这种水中生活得很好，所以举南美白对虾的例子是为了展示不在海洋中养殖的海鲜。故选D。
35．推理判断题。根据“In Nilka county in Xinjiang, about 6, 000 tons of rainbow trout (虹鳟鱼) will be produced this year.”以及“Meanwhile, In Inner Mongolia, whiteleg shrimp (南美白对虾) grows well.”可知，在新疆尼尔卡县，今年将生产约6000吨虹鳟，在内蒙古，南美白对虾生长良好，可推知中国不会缺少鱼类产品。故选C。
（B）、36．B 37．C 38．C 39．B 40．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界环境日的主题“生态系统恢复”及其重要性，并呼吁大家共同努力保护环境。
36．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“The World Environment Day is celebrated on June 5th every year.”可知，世界环境日在6月5日庆祝。故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“This year’s theme is ‘Ecosystem Restoration’.”可知，今年世界环境日的主题是生态系统恢复。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“It includes activities such as planting trees, cleaning rivers, and protecting wildlife.”可知，生态系统恢复包括植树、清理河流和保护野生动物。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“When we restore ecosystems, we can improve the quality of the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the land we live on.”可知，许多国家采取行动恢复生态系统是为了改善空气、水和土地的质量。故选B。
40．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“We can all do our part, such as reducing waste, using less water, and recycling.”可知，我们可以通过回收利用来帮助生态系统恢复。故选C。
（C）、41．B 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．A
【导语】本文主要讨论了塑料污染问题以及科学家如何通过技术手段提高塑料回收率。
41．推理判断题。根据“he world produces more than 350 million tons of plastic waste each year. But only less than 10% of the waste gets recycled.”可知，作者通过具体数字说明塑料污染问题。故选B。
42．词义猜测题。根据“because it is not easy to separate all the different kinds of plastic simply by looking at them.”可知，仅通过查看它们将所有不同种类的塑料分开并不容易。故划线单词“tough”意为“困难的”，选项A“有或造成问题或困难”最符合。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“First, the scientists placed 12 plastic samples (样本) under a special camera one by one to get the spectra (波谱) of them. Next, the camera sent the information to a computer to help it analyze the similarities and differences between the spectra”可知，相机获取塑料样本的光谱并发送给电脑分析。故选D。
44．段落大意题。第三段详细描述了实验步骤：样本放置、光谱分析、计算机测试等，故选A。
45．主旨大意题。全文围绕科学家利用计算机技术改进塑料回收的研究展开，目的是介绍这一研究。故选A。
非选择题
四、词汇应用
46．(p)roper
【详解】句意：如果有人帮助你，说声谢谢是很恰当的。根据汉语和首字母提示可知，形容词“proper”表示“恰当的”符合语境。故填(p)roper。
47．impossible
【详解】句意：我相信只要我们尽力，没有什么是不可能的。根据“nothing is...if we try our best”可知，这里指只要我们尽力，没有什么是不可能的，possible的否定形式为impossible，意为“不可能的”。故填impossible。
48．government
【详解】句意：云南省政府正在整顿当地旅游业，以重新赢得游客的信任。根据“Yunnan provincial…(政府) is cleaning up the local tourism industry in order to win the tourists’ trust again.”可知，此处表达“政府”，应用名词government表示。故填government。
49．habit
【详解】句意：每天睡觉前读点书是一个好习惯。空前有“a”，表示一个好习惯，所以用名词单数。故填habit。
50．friendly
【详解】句意：莉莉总是对其他人很友好，所以每个人都喜欢她。根据句意和空前的“is”可知，此空应用friend的形容词形式friendly，意为“友好的”，作句子的表语，故填friendly。
51．friendly
【详解】句意：我们应该关心我们的野生动物，为它们创造一个友好的环境。此处修饰名词environment用形容词friendly“友好的”。故填friendly。
52．habit
【解析】略
53．green city
【详解】句意：每个人都应该为建设绿色城市做出贡献。绿色城市“green city”，可数名词，根据不定冠词“a”可知，此处用单数，故填green city。
54．nature
【详解】句意：在大自然中，你可以用自己的眼睛到处发现新的和有趣的东西。nature“大自然”，不可数名词。故填nature。
55．surface
【详解】句意：我们需要一个平面来玩游戏。你能帮我们吗？根据汉语提示可知，空处应填surface“表面”，可数名词，a修饰可数名词单数形式。故填surface。
五、完成句子
56．government
【详解】根据汉语提示可知此处缺少“政府”的英文翻译，在句子中做主语。再根据“has introduced...”可知主语是单数，故主语是单数government。故填government。
57．Beautiful nature
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“美丽的大自然”，beautiful“美丽的”，形容词作定语，nature“自然”，不可数名词。故填Beautiful nature。
58．government
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺“政府”的英文表达。government意为“政府”。故填government。
59．made a difference
【详解】make a difference表示“起作用”，结合空前have，此处时态是现在完成时，动词需用过去分词形式。故填made a difference。
60．in danger
【详解】对比所给中英文可知，设空处为“濒危”；in danger“处于危险之中”，固定词组。故填in；danger。
六、短文首字母填空
61．(f)estivals 62．(b)ut 63．(f)rom 64．(a)lmost 65．(i)t 66．(k)ind 67．(w)aste 68．(h)ard 69．(f)eeding 70．(r)educe
【导语】本文主要是介绍气球虽然好看，但是也会带来严重的环境问题。呼吁人们重视起来，采取行动，让世界更美好、更干净。
61．句意：人们喜欢在节日和仪式等特殊场合放飞彩色气球。根据“People love to release (放) colorful balloons for special events”及首字母f可推出会在节日时放气球，festival“节日”，结合“ceremonies”可知此处用复数。故填(f)estivals。
62．句意：五颜六色的气球可能看起来很漂亮，但它们会带来一些严重的问题。前后句意出现转折，用but表示“但是”。故填(b)ut。
63．句意：气球被放飞后，它们可能会飞到离放飞地点数百公里以外的地方，对环境和野生动物造成极大的危害。away from“远离”。故填(f)rom。
64．句意：它们几乎可以飞到任何地方，包括水道、海洋、山脉和农田。根据“including waterways, oceans, mountains and farmlands”可知是几乎所有地方，用almost表示“几乎”。故填(a)lmost。
65．句意：事实上，它们需要六个月到四年的时间才能分解，而且在分解之前就会造成污染。it will take sb. some time to do sth.“做某事将会花费某人多少时间”。故填(i)t。
66．句意：它们是一种不能分解的塑料气球，可以永远留在环境中。a kind of“一种”。故填(k)ind。
67．句意：所有这些材料都会增加我们环境中的塑料垃圾数量。根据“Similar to plastic bags, the Mylar balloons break into smaller pieces in the sun.”可知会增加塑料垃圾，waste“垃圾”，不可数名词。故填(w)aste。
68．句意：海洋动物，如鲸鱼、海鸟经常把气球碎片误认为食物，如果被吃掉，这些碎片会使它们呼吸困难，然后导致它们死亡。根据“Sea animals, such as whales, sea birds often mistake balloon pieces for food, and if eaten”结合常识可推出吃了气球碎片，会难以呼吸，hard“困难的”，形容词作宾语补足语。故填(h)ard。
69．句意：更糟糕的是，一些鸟正在收集气球碎片，认为它们是食物，甚至把它们喂给它们的宝宝。and连接并列结构，与thinking保持一致，结合“thinking that they are food, and even f... them to their babies”可推出是当成食物喂给宝宝，用feeding。故填(f)eeding。
70．句意：所以，为了减少污染和保护动物，不要再放气球了。根据“don’t release balloons any more”及上文放气球的危害可推出是为了减少污染，reduce“减少”，in order to do sth.“为了做某事”。故填(r)educe。
七、材料作文
71．例文：
Going Green Starts with Small Things
Everyone can make small changes in lifestyle to reduce pollution and waste.
I do a lot of small things to go green in my daily life. Firstly, I usually walk or ride my bike to school instead of taking a bus or driving a car. It helps reduce air pollution. Besides, I always try my best to save water, electricity and food. What’s more, I seldom use plastic bags while shopping. Instead, I bring my cloth bag, which is both economical and environmentally-friendly. Also, I develop a good habit of recycling and rubbish sorting.
How important it is for us to protect the environment. If we keep on going green, I believe our environment will be better. Let’s do it together from now on.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意围绕“信息提示”从绿色出行、厉行节约等方面介绍自己的低碳生活，并提出倡议。
[写作步骤]
第一步，引入“低碳生活”；
第二步，从绿色出行、厉行节约等方面介绍自己的低碳生活；
第三步，提出倡议，践行低碳生活。
[亮点词汇]
① instead of而不是
② try one’s best to尽最大努力
③ keep on继续
[高分句型]
① How important it is for us to protect the environment.（感叹句）
② If we keep on going green, I believe our environment will be better.（if引导的条件状语从句）
