Unit2 知识点和同步练习
Section A知识讲解
1．exercise 的用法
1） exercise可以作动词，意为“锻炼”
2）可以作名词，意为“运动，锻炼”，为不可数名词 do exercise=take exercise做锻炼，做运动
3）意为“习题，体操”时为可数名词，常和动词do搭配使用，且作“体操”讲时多用复数形式。
do morning exercises做早操，do eye exercises做眼保健操
2. help with housework 帮助做家务
1） help with sth. 意为“帮助做某事” 2）help sb. with sth. = help sb.(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
●I often help him ______ his English. = I often help him__________English.
3）with one’s help=with the help of sb 在某人的帮助下
●I pass the exam__________my teacher’s help. =I can’t pass the exam__________my teacher’s help.
【拓展】
①help oneself to… 请随便吃/喝···②can’t help doing sth情不自禁做某事●③help out 帮助…解决困难, 帮助…对付
注意：housework 意为“家务劳动”，homework为家庭作业，都是不可数名词
3. sometimes 有时： 辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some time
sometimes 频度副词 有时，偶尔 提问how often
some times 名词短语 几次；几倍 提问how many times
sometime 副词 某个时间段 提问when
some time 名词短语 一段时间 提问how long
口诀记忆：分开是“一段” ，相连是“某时”；分开s是“几次”，相连“s”是有时。
4. hardly ever 几乎不 比较： hard、hardly和hardly ever
1）hard作形容词时，意为“困难的；硬的；勤奋的；严厉的；苛刻的”。
hard作副词时常用来表示程度，意为“努力地；猛烈地；剧烈地”， 位于动词之后。
2）hardly 副词，意为“几乎不”，表示否定意义，位于实义动词之前，系动词、助动词、或情态动词之后。
3）hardly ever是表频率的副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，相当于almost not, seldom。
练一练：①There is ______ ______food left. 几乎没有食物剩下。②He ______ ______ . 他几乎不工作。
③He ______ ______. 他工作努力。④It rained______this morning. 今天早上雨下得大。
拓展：常见的频率副词有always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly_ever，never与疑问词how often 对应。表示的频率由always向never递减。在句中位于实意动词之前，情态动词( can等)、助动词(do等)、连系动词(be等)之后。但sometimes也可在句首。●Sometimes I go to school by bike.
5. how often多久一次
意为“多久一次”，常用于对时间频率提问。回答可用once/twice/three times a day(一天一/两/三次)，every day(每天)，sometimes(有时)，never(从不)，very often(经常)等。
词语 词义 用法 答语特征
how long 多久 询问时间多久 for/about+一段时间
how often 多久一次 询问动作的频率 often, twice a week等
how soon 多快，过多久 询问时间多快 in+一段时间
how far 多远 询问距离多远 ten minutes’ walk/five kilometers
how many 多少 询问可数名词数量 数词+可数名词复数
how much 多少 询问不可数名词数量 数词+表示量的词+不可数名词
多少钱 询问价格 数词+钱
- is it from the village to your farm -About 10 minutes’ walk.
- are you leaving for Beijing -In a few days.
- do you watch TV every day -Maybe 1 hour.
- do you help with housework -Every day.
- is the tree -About 300 years old.
- do you have dance and piano lessons -Maybe every two weeks.
- housework do you do every day -Just a little.
- programs did you watch -Three.
- are the apples -Ten yuan.
6.free 意为“空闲的，有空的”反义词busy。 be free 意为“闲着，有空”，相当于 have time
●He is free now.=He ______ ______ now. 他现在有空。
拓展：free还可译为“免费的, 自由的” be free to do sth. 自由地做某事●The tickets are free. 票是免费的。
7．quite full 很忙，相当忙.
1）adj. full 还可译为“满的，充满的”。 反义词是empty，意为“空的”。
拓展：A be full of B. = A be fill with B; A中充满了B。
练一练：The hall is _______ people. A. fill with B. full with C. filled of D. filled with
2）full adj. “饱的”。 其反义词是hungry，意为“饥饿的”。
8． maybe “也许，大概，可能”，常位于句首。辨析：maybe 和may be
maybe “也许，大概，可能”。（一般放句首）相当于另一副词perhaps Maybe you are right. 也许你是对的。 Maybe he knows Tom. 也许他认识Tom。
may be “可能是，也许是”。 为“情态动词+be动词”结构。（位于句中） You may be right. 你也许是对的。
①Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英语老师。=_________________________
②—Where is Mike —________ he is in the classroom.A．Must B．Maybe C．May D．May be
9. look、see、watch和read辨析：
1）look为不及物动词，后接宾语时须用介词at，着重_______=have a look at
2）see着重_______，即“看到，看见”。 3）read多指“看书、报”，这里的“看”为“读”。
4）watch着重_______也常用于“看电视，看比赛”等短语中, 还表示“注视，观看，监视”之意。
How come？ 怎么会？ 怎么回事？表示某件事情很奇怪，有点想不通；可单独使用，也可引导一个问句， 相当于疑问句 why, 但 how come 开头的特殊疑问句使用的仍然是陈述语序。
●How come Tom didn’t come to the party = Why didn’t Tom come to the party
Section A练习
一、单项选择
( )1. - do you play football - Once a week.
A. How much B. How many C. How long D. How often
( )2．—What was the weather like yesterday
—It was terrible. It rained so ____ that people could ____ go out.
A．hardly; hard B．hardly; hardly C．hard; hardly D．hard; hard
( )3．— Don’t ________ too late. You will feel tired in class.— I won’t, Mum.
A．call up B．wake up C．stay up D．get up
( )4．─__________ do your family take a vacation every year？ ─Three times.
A．How many times B．How often C．How soon D．How long
( )5. — ______ she is a teacher. — I don’t think so. I think she ___ a doctor because I saw her in the hospital last week.
A. May be; maybe B. Maybe; may be C. Maybe; maybe D. May be; may be
( )6. The man is very old. I think he is________ 90 years old.
A．at last B．at least C．less than D. at most
( )7.-Mom , I can’t carry the box . It _____ sand（沙） . It is too heavy
-Don’t worry , dear . I will help you soon .
A．is full of B. is interested in C. is good with D. is afraid of
( )8. -Barcelona lost the basketball game last night .
-_____ It is unbelievable (难以置信的）. They always win .
How come B. Never mind C I can’t agree more. D. That’s common .
( )9.---_______do you sleep every evening ---About 8 hours.
How often B.How long C.How far D.How soon
( )10. — Do you often go to the gym — No, __________. I don’t like sports at all.
A. always B. never C. sometimes D. usually
( ) 11. I could ______ hardly hear what you said just now. Could you please say it again
A. sometimes B. always C. hardly D. clearly
( ) 12. — _________ — I go shopping.
A. When do you go shopping B. How often do you go shopping
C. How long do you go shopping on weekends D. What do you usually do on weekends
二、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子。
1. We can easily find some useful information about it on the _____________(因特网).
2. The __________(摆动) of the ship made many people seasick(晕船).
3. Peter doesn’t feel well. _________(或许) he ate too much just now.
4. Steve goes to the movies with his cousin at __________(最少的) twice a month.
5. Alice often helps her mother with some ______________(家务活).
6. Animal World is my favorite p_____________. What about yours
7. Sally often goes to the movies with her parents on w______________.
8. Mike usually does his homework at home, but s________________ he does it at school.
9. Mr. Green watches movies ______________(两次）a week .
10. Animal World is my favorite ___________(节目）
11.Tomorrow is quite f_________(忙的) for me .I can’t go shopping with you.
三、用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. Mike, you need to sleep at _________(little) eight hours every night.
2. We do morning _____________(exercise) every day.
3. The twins can watch TV three _____________(time) a week.
4. Would you like do some ____________(shop) on Saturday morning
5. He __________(usual) goes to the library on weekends.
6. This is a ___________(hard) question. I can ____________(hard) answer it.
7. Mark usually watches TV _____________(two) a week.
8. A lot of vegetables help you ______________(keep) in good health.
9. His head __________(swing) when he walked.
10. How about ____________(swing) on a rope It’s fun.
11. She often ________ (help)her mother do housework.
12He _______(go) shopping once a week.
13How often _______(do) Tom________(do) his homework
四、翻译
1．大多数学生常在周末打篮球。______ students usually play basketball ______ _____.
2．你正在学习哪种舞蹈？________ ________ ________ dance are you learning
3．这些天露西忙着学跳摇摆舞。Lucy ________ ________ ________swing dance these days.
4．彼得几乎从不吃鸡蛋，他一点都不喜欢它们。Peter ________ _____ eats eggs.He doesn't like them at all.
5．蒂娜没有做好，但至少她竭尽全力了。Tina didn't do it well, but ________ ________ she tried her best.
他可能是个科学家。 _______ he ______ a scientist . / He _______ _______ a scientist .
7不要熬夜，因为你明天得早起。否则我得把你叫醒。
Don’t _______ ______because you have to _____ ______early tomorrow , or I have to _____ you ______ .
8.对我来说，下周相当忙. Next week _____________for me.
Section B知识讲解
1. Here are the results. 这是（调查）结果。
here 位于句首，句子要倒装。Here is + 单数名词; Here are + 复数
find v. 发现；找到
1）find + 宾语 +名词 ●We find him a good boy. 我们发现他是个好孩子。
2）find + 宾语 + 形容词●He found the room dirty. 我们发现房间很脏。
3）find + 宾语 + 现在分词 ●I found her singing under the tree. 我们发现她正在树下唱歌。
拓展：①look for也有“_ ”的意思，通常强调“找”的_ 。
②find动词，意为“ ”，通常强调“找”的 。
③find out意为“_ ”，多指通过调查、打听或研究之后搞清楚或弄明白。
percent百分之…
构成：基数词+percent ，常用“数词＋percent of＋名词”，这一结构作主语时，谓语的单复数要看percent of 后跟的名词，如果是可数名词复数，谓语应该用复数，如果是不可数名词，谓语应该用单数。
●Thirty percent of the students ______ ( like) watching game shows.●70 percent of water _______ ( be ) salty water(盐水)。
surprised adj. 惊奇的，感到意外的
1）be surprised at sb. / sth. / doing sth. 对…感到惊奇
2）be surprised to do sth. 对做某事感到惊讶
be surprised that + 从句. 因…而感到惊讶
【拓展】 surprising 令人惊讶的to one’s surprise 令某人惊讶的是 in surprise 惊讶地 ； 吃惊地
让他吃惊地是，他获得了第一名. ______ ______ _______ , he got the first prize.
他吃惊90％的学生每天都看电视。He ________ _______ ______ ninety percent of the students watch TV every day.
这个令人吃惊的消息让每一个人都感到吃惊。The _______ news made everybody ________.
他吃惊地的看着我，一言不发。He looked at me_________ _________ without any word.
the answers to questions 问题的答案
the way to sp 去某地的路 the key to the door 门的钥匙 the key to success 成功的秘诀
although “虽然，尽管”。
although的意思相当于though，意为“尽管，虽然”，用来引导让步状语从句。它所引导的从句不能与并列连词but; and; so等连用，但可以和yet; still等词连用。
① ________it rained，the boys still played outside. = It rained，___________ the boys still played outside.
②Although I get up early, I can’t catch the early bus. = I get up early, but I can’t catch the early bus.
【拓展】在as though好像，似，even though即使
7. It’s+adj+（for sb.）+to do sth. 意为 “（对某人来说）做某事是……的”。
1）It's＋adj.＋for sb.to do sth.当形容词修饰to do sth.时，用介词for，句中形容词是用来说明to do sth.的
● It’s necessary for us to eat more fruit and vegetables. 对我们来说，多吃蔬菜和水果是必要的。
2）It's＋adj.＋of sb.to do sth. 当形容词修饰sb.时，应用介词of句中形容词可与逻辑主语sb. 构成系表结构，即形容词是用来说明或形容sb.（某人）的。，● It’s very kind of you to help us. 你能帮助我们真是太好了。
练一练：①It is very important for us _______ English well.②It’s very nice ___ you _______my parents your best wishes.
8. by prep. 通过…方式
1）后常加工具或v-ing, (by doing sth. 通过做某事)●I often relax by listening to music. 我经常通过听音乐来放松。
by+交通工具 乘…. ●I usually go to school by bus. 我通常乘公交车去上学。
by+时间 到…..时（为止） ●You must hand in your homework by Friday. 你必须星期五之前交作业。
4）by+地点 在…..旁边
【拓展】①through和by的区别
through 后常加名词表示手段媒介，以；凭借；穿过through exercise 通过锻炼;by后常加工具或v-ing
②through，across，over
through意为“穿过”，指从物体的里面穿过。 across意为“穿过”，指从物体的表面通过。
over意为“越过；跨过”，指越过一个有高度的物体。
such as 例如；像…这样，后面跟名称、代词、动词的ing形式。
●I have a lot of hobbies, such as __________and ___________. 我有许多爱好，比如读书和唱歌。
拓展：1）such adj.& pron.这样的；那样的；类似的 ； 作形容词时，其后修饰名词。
2）such和so二者都有“如此；such用来修饰名词，so用来修饰形容词或副词。
①such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数) ②such＋adj.＋n.(复数/不可数名词)
③so＋adj./adv. ④so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＝such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)
⑤so＋many/few/much/little＋n.(复数/不可数名词)
辨析：spend, take, cost, pay
1）spend ，主语是人， 意为“度过” 或“花费（时间、金钱）”
spend time\money on sth.在...上花费时间或金钱. =spend time\money(in)doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事
●Don’t spend too much time watching TV. = Don’t spend too much time TV.
2）take后面常跟双宾语， 常见用法： It takes sb.＋时间/金钱＋to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间
3）cost的主语是物，sth. costs sb.＋金钱/时间 某物花了某人多少钱
4）pay的主语是人，付钱 pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱（给某人）买…… pay for sth. 付……的钱。 pay sb. 付钱给某人。
die 是动词，意为“死亡”，是短暂性动作，常用于过去时中，过去式为died。
【拓展】die有多个变形词：
词条 词性 词义 所作成分 用法
dead 形容词 死了的，无生命的 表语、定语 可以与段时间连用
die 动词 死，死亡 谓语 不能与段时间连用
death 名词 死亡，去世 主语、宾语
dying 形容词 垂死的，即将死去的 表语、定语
●The tree is . 这棵树死了。
●She looked at her cat sadly. 她伤心地看着她死去的猫。
●My grandpa two years ago. 我爷爷两年前去世了。
●The fish will without water. 鱼离开水会死去。
●Car accidents have caused a lot of . 车祸造成很多人死亡。
●The doctors have saved the man. 医生们救活了那个垂死的人。
however “然而，不过”。
too 常用于肯定句，句尾，一般有 逗号
also 一般位于句中
either 常用于否定句，位于句末，一般有 逗号
however 副词，用逗号隔开
but 但是，连词表示转折
more than 相当于over，意为“超过，多余”。
less than 意为“不到，少于”。其反义词为 more than \ over “多余，超过”
health为名词，意为“健康”，形容形式healthy，意为“健康的”。unhealthy“不健康的，是healthy的反义词。healthily是“健康地”，是副词。在名词词尾加y构成形容词，类似的词还有：
rain—rainy 雨—下雨的 sun—sunny 太阳—晴朗的 luck—lucky 幸运—幸运的 wind—windy 风—刮风的
afraid 形容词， 担心的，害怕的，在句中作表语，不用在名词前作定语。
1）be afraid of sb / sth 害怕某人 / 某事； ●Some children are afraid of the dark. 一些孩子怕黑。
2）be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事。●Don’t be afraid of asking question. 不要害怕问问题。
3）be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事●Don't be afraid to do anything wrong. 不要害怕做错事情。
4）I’m afraid + 从句， 恐怕， 担心●I’m afraid I have to go now. 我恐怕不得不离开了。
16. none和no one区别
none no one 没有人
既可指人，又可指物 只能指人
可单独使用，也可以none of+sth，谓语动词可单可复 单独使用，不与 of 连用
常用于how many/much的回答 用于who 的回答
( ) 2.---- Did anyone in your class do anything fun last weekend
----No,____of us did.Because we had to study for the math test on Monday.A.none B.both C.each D.all
( ) 3. _______ enjoys such music in my family.It's too noisy.A.None B.All C. No one D. Both
1.-Who are you speaking to _____________. 2.-How many students are there in the classroom ________
17.辨析：be good for,be good at,be good with 与be good to
①be good for意为“对……有好处”。其反义词组为be bad for，意为“对……有害”。其中for为介词，后接名词或代词。
②be good at（doing sth）.…“擅长……”相当于do well in..
③be good with(sb.)=get along well with(sb.)“与（某人）相处得好”。
④be good to(sb.)=be kind/friendly to(sb.)“对（某入）友好”。
Tom is good at math= Tom ______ _______ _______ math.
My English teacher is good to us= My English teacher ______ _______ _______ us.
Are you good with you old people = _____ you _____ along ____ _____ old people
7、Walking in the morning________your health. A.are good for B.is good for C.is good at
Section B练习
一、单项选择
( )1．_____ it was very cold, _____ my friend still went swimming in Jialing River this morning.
A．Although; but B．Although;/ C．But; although D．/; although
( )2．It was _________ lovely weather _______ we decided to spend the day on the beach.
A. such a; that B. such; that C. such; as D. so; that
( )3. My parents often ask me __ too much time __ computer games.
A．not to spend, playing B . not to spend, to play
C．to not spend, play D. not spend, play
( )4.Did you find the answer the question about TV very interesting
A. to, watching B, of, watching C. to，watched D. of , watched
( )5. - -When was Shenzhou-10 sent into space ______ the afternoon of June 11,2013.
A. At B. On C. In D. For
( )6. It’s good to learn English by _____ English programs.
A. watch B. watches C. watching D. watched
( )7.In the factory, _________the workers _______from the country.
A. percent forty of, are B. percents forty, is C. forty percent of, are D. forty percents , is
( )8. Mr. Li goes to his hometown ________ a year.
A. one or two B. once or two C. one or twice D. once or twice
( ).9 Jill is student in No 2 High School.
A.an 18-years-old B.an 18 years old C.a 18-year-old D.an 18-year-old
( )9. It’s bad for you ______ too much junk food.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. ate
二、单词适当形式填空
1. To keep healthy, I decide_________(exercise) half an hour every day.
2. His parents don't want him _________( play)computer games on weekends.
3．I love sports such as __________ (play) soccer.
4．A good way __________ (keep) healthy is through exercise.
5. It's good for our __________（健康）to drink milk every day.
6. Jack’s mother makes Jack spend forty minutes __________ (read) books.
7. I like to learn English by __________ (watch) English movies.
8. I am __________ (surprise)that the little girl can speak English so well.
9. Mo Yan is one of the most famous (write) in China.
10. A lot of vegetables help you ______________(keep) in good health.
11.---Jane,Let's play sports (一起)after school! ---Good idea!
12. Having enough sleep every night is good for the (头脑)and the body.
13. He __________ (watch) TV every night. Look! He __________(watch) TV now.
14. He likes doing exercise such as basketball.(play)
15. Do you know the (结果) of the singing competition
翻译
大多数学生上网时为了玩乐，而不是为了家庭作业。
________________________use the Internet _____________and not for homework.
2. 通过上网来放松是很好的。 It’s good to relax _______________________________________.
3. 放松的最好方式是通过锻炼。 The best way to relax is______________________________________.
4. 锻炼有益大脑和身体健康。 Exercise _________________________________the mind and the body.
5. 吉姆每周锻炼四至六次。Jim exercises week.
6. 那些学生一点儿都不喜欢吃蔬菜。
Those students like eating vegetables .
7. 我喜欢做运动,比如打篮球和跑步。I like playing sports playing basketball and running.
8. 那个男孩放学后经常去网吧上网。The boy often after school in the Internet bar.
9. 对我们提出的有关垃圾食品问题的回答很有趣。
The our questions about junk food were very interesting.
10.我爸爸在业余时间经常和他的朋友们打篮球。
My father often plays basketball with his friends ．
11.他总是在家，但是从不读书。He _______ _______ at home,but he ______ _______ books.
12. 她通常擅长讲故事，所以经常和孩子们玩儿。
13.She _____ ______ ______ ______ telling stories , so she ______ _______ with the kids.
14.她上学几乎不迟到，而且总是学习很努力。
She_______ _______ _______ _______ for school and she_______ _______ _______.
