2023-2024学年度第一学期期末教学质量监测
高二级英语科试题
温馨提示：请将答案写在答题卡上，考试时间：120分钟 满分120分
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和度位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，上缴答题卡。
Ⅰ. 阅读（共两节，20题，满分50分）
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Watercolor Painting Classes
The following is something related to watercolor painting classes for people online.
What is the Watercolor Academy
The Watercolor Academy is much more than just a painting course. Here, you will also become a member of a unique art community where you can exhibit your artworks, get professional opinions on your creative progress, have your art questions answered, and communicate with your academy visitors.
Contents
Learn how to paint watercolors in our fun and practical art classes taught by professional artists in London. Our lively, fun Watercolor Painting Courses are designed to debunk (揭穿) the myth that painting with watercolors and inks is difficult—through our tutors’ lively instruction and encouragement, students will lose their depression and create lively artwork.
Schedule
Classes meet once a week on their scheduled day. Review our schedule to find out when course terms start and end, and please see the registration page for class days and times. We believe that with time, encouragement and the proper instruction, anyone can learn to draw and paint exceptionally well. Our school has served the Minneapolis & St. Paul community for over 25 years as artists and teachers.
Fees
The price for a group of 2 to 5 people is $ 100 per person. For 6 or more participants, the cost is $60 per person. The price for a private class starts at $ 200 for an individual. If you choose the private class, you will be able to select the painting of your choice and schedule the day and time that works well for you and the instructor. Call 970-429-2777 to book a private watercolor class.
1 What can students do in the Watercolor Academy
A. Give a lecture on painting. B. Present their own good works.
C. Set up a unique art community. D. Learn to give professional opinions.
2. What’s the purpose of the Watercolor Painting Courses
A. To show watercolor painting is fun. B. To make students professional artists.
C. To make students more lively. D. To make watercolor painting easy for its students.
3. What is special about the private class
A. It can last for many hours. B. The class is given by famous artists.
C. The students can schedule their class time. D. It requires students to work well.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了网络课程：水彩画课程的一些相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“What is the Watercolor Academy”部分第二句“Here, you will also become a member of a unique art community where you can exhibit your artworks, ”（在这里，你也将成为一个独特的艺术社区的一员，在那里你可以展示你的艺术作品,）可知，学员可以展示自己的艺术作品。故选B。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Contents”部分第二句“Our lively, fun Watercolor Painting Courses are designed to debunk (揭穿) the myth that painting with watercolors and inks is difficult—through our tutors’ lively instruction and encouragement, students will lose their depression and create lively artwork.”（我们开设生动有趣的水彩画课程，旨在揭开水墨画难的神秘面纱——通过老师的生动教导和鼓励，学生将不再沮丧，而是创造出生动活泼的艺术作品。）可知，开设水彩画培训班的目的是使学习水彩画变得更加简单。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“If you choose the private class, you will be able to select the painting of your choice and schedule the day and time that works well for you and the instructor. ”（如果你选择的是私人课程，你将能够选择你所选择的绘画，并安排适合你和导师的日期和时间。）可知，对于私教课，学员可以选择适合自己的上课时间。故选C。
B
On November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica. He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and Speedo !
Pugh is an advocate for our oceans and seas, working to protect these ecosystems with their large diversity of marine life. When asked why he doesn't wear a wetsuit(防寒泳衣), Pugh says, "I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If I'm asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message."
It took Pugh about 19 minutes to complete the one-kilometer swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1.6 degrees Celsius. He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down. As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle control to drop, slowing him down. When he is done with his swim, his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal.
Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.
This is not the first time that Pugh has swum in dangerous conditions. In 2007, he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due to climate change. In 2015, he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarctica's Ross Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a marine reserve there.
4. Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuits
A. To show his bravery.
B. To swim faster.
C. To build up his body.
D. To have overnight fame.
5. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to'
A. His body temperature.
B. His body
C. The water.
D. The water temperature.
6. What's Pugh's advice about swimming in freezing waters
A. One should be expert at swimming.
B. One must be used to long-distance swimming.
C. One should be ready to take on challenges.
D. One must be adequately prepared for it.
7. What may be the best title for the text
A. Lewis Pugh: achieving the impossible
B. How to survive a swim in cold waters
C. Lewis Pugh: swimming for a cause
D. How to prepare for extreme swimming
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了刘易斯·普格为了呼吁各国领导人采取行动保护海洋，在南极冰冷的水域完成了不穿防寒泳衣游泳一公里的壮举。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“When asked why he doesn't wear a wetsuit(防寒泳衣), Pugh says, "I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If I'm asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message."”（当被问及为何不穿防寒泳衣时，普格说：“我要求世界各国领导人尽一切努力保护我们的海洋。有时，他们需要采取的措施既困难又不受欢迎。如果我要求他们勇敢，我也必须勇敢。穿着防寒泳衣游泳并不能传达这种信息”）可知，普格不穿防寒泳衣在冰冷的海水中游泳是为了展示他的勇敢，故A项正确。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前的“He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters”可知，他说他的身体在冰冷的水中只能忍受大约20分钟，此处承接上文，是说20分钟后他的身体就会被冻僵，动弹不得，由此可知划线词指代的就是“他的身体”，故B项正确。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters.”（医生和普格警告说，要在如此寒冷的水域游泳，必须接受数月的训练）可知，普格建议人们在冰冷的海水中游泳之前要做好充分的准备，故D项正确。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“On November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica.”（11月7日，刘易斯·普格在南极洲南乔治亚州附近的爱德华王湾冰冷的海水中完成了一公里的游泳）及第二段中的“Pugh says, "I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If I'm asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message."”（普格说：“我要求世界各国领导人尽一切努力保护我们的海洋。有时，他们需要采取的措施既困难又不受欢迎。如果我要求他们勇敢，我也必须勇敢。穿着防寒泳衣游泳并不能传达这种信息”）可知，本文主要讲述了刘易斯·普格为了呼吁各国领导人采取行动保护海洋，在南极冰冷的水域完成了不穿防寒泳衣游泳一公里的壮举。这篇文章最好的题目是“刘易斯·普格：为了一个目标而游泳”，故C项正确。
C
There’s nothing like a good night’s sleep-but what does that really mean It turns out that the answer depends not only on your age, but also on your lifestyle. Some people are productive and happy with fewer hours of sleep, while others need more. Still, experts can determine guidelines that work for most people. The National Sleep Foundation researched the topic and gave new recommendations this week. The foundation acknowledge s that sleep needs will very lifestyle and stress should be taken into consideration but their recommendations offer a general guideline. For example, teenagers (14-17 years old) need 8-10 hours’ sleep every day.
To create the recommendations, some sleep and medical experts reviewed 312 articles from journals published during the last decade. This is the first time that a professional organization has developed age -specific recommended sleep durations (时长)bbased on systematic review of the world scientific literature.
A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation. It can also have serious consequences on the brain. People who do not get enough sleep are at increased risk for depression (抑郁症), and can endanger others. Those who become sleepy while driving, for example, risk both their lives and the lives of those around them.
Researchers also have found in the past that too much sleep can have negative effects. Low socioeconomic status and depression reportedly are significantly associated with longer sleep. However, experts nowadays find that research on oversleeping is still doubtful and needs more attention. Currently, there is no strong evidence that sleeping too much has health consequences. There is, however, laboratory evidence that short sleep durations of four to five hours have negative consequences. We need similar laboratory studies to determine whether long sleep durations result in physiological changes that could lead to disease before we make any recommendations against sleep extension.
8. Which is TRUE about sleeping time
A. The time you need for sleep is related to your personal situation.
B. Experts’ guideline for sleeping time applies to all the people.
C. The less you sleep, the more productive you are.
D. The more you sleep, the more energetic you are.
9. The research shows that people without enough sleep will ______.
A. lose some weight B. eat more food
C. dream during their sleep D. drive faster than usual
10. From Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.
A. too much sleep may result in social changes
B. researchers now agree with those in the past
C. more research on oversleeping is needed
D. research on oversleeping is quite persuasive
11. From which section of a newspaper is the passage most probably taken
A Health. B. Psychology. C. Sport. D. Education.
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了睡眠时间与健康的关系。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Some people are productive and happy with fewer hours of sleep, while others need more.(有些人工作效率高，较少的睡眠就能满足，而另一些人则需要更多的睡眠)”可知，你需要的睡眠时间与你的个人情况有关。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation.(该基金会表示，睡眠不足可能与体重增加有关，因为这会导致食欲增加) ”可知，睡眠不足的人会吃更多的食物。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段“We need similar laboratory studies to determine whether long sleep durations result in physiological changes that could lead to disease before we make any recommendations against sleep extension.(在我们提出反对延长睡眠的建议之前，我们需要类似的实验室研究来确定长时间睡眠是否会导致可能引起疾病的生理变化)”可知，我们需要对过度睡眠进行更多的研究。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。结合全文及文章第三段“A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation. It can also have serious consequences on the brain. People who do not get enough sleep are at increased risk for depression, and can endanger others. Those who become sleepy while driving, for example, risk both their lives and the lives of those around them.(该基金会表示，睡眠不足可能与体重增加有关，因为这会导致食欲增加。它也会对大脑产生严重后果。睡眠不足的人患抑郁症的风险增加，并可能危及他人。例如，那些在开车时变得昏昏欲睡的人，会冒着自己和周围人的生命危险)”可知，文章主要介绍睡眠时间与健康的关系，故该文章应是源于健康类报纸。故选A。
D
Should we be thrilled that, for the first time in a century, Australia went more than a week without using any coal to make electricity While some are welcoming this as a sign that the country is going green, the bigger picture is less encouraging. For one thing, renewables （可再生能源）supplied only 23 per cent of electricity during this coal-free period, while 45 per cent came from natural gas. In the past decade, the country has gone from getting a third of its electricity from coal to obtaining more than a third from renewables like onshore wind on average. Australia now gets 11 per cent of its electricity from “renewable” biomass （生物质能）, much of it using imported wood. But forest campaigners say swapping coal for wood isn’t truly renewable and is actually doing huge damage to the environment.
For another, Australia is off-track when it comes to meeting its long-term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions (排放).Producing electricity without burning fossil fuels is relatively easy. But it is much harder to heat homes, to make cement and steel, to grow food and to power cars, ships and planes without producing any greenhouse gases. In view of this, we should handle the energy and climate crises at the same time by finding climate-friendly alternatives to coal.
Australia has now stopped the financial aid that drove its renewables revolution. So growth in renewable energy is expected to come to a stop in a decade. The global renewables revolution seems to be following the same trend. The International Energy Agency （IEA） recently announced that the world added 180 gigawatts （千兆瓦）of solar, wind, hydro power and bioenergy in 2018, the same as in 2017. But IEA said we must add 300 gigawatts a year to have a chance of limiting global warming to under 2°C by 2100. So we should cheer the end of coal, but continue to worry about how it will be replaced.
12. In the “coal-free week”, what did Australia use most to make electricity
A. Natural gas. B. Onshore wind.
C. Biomass. D. Wood.
13. What can be inferred about the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in Paragraph 2
A. Positive results are tracked.
B. Long-term goals are ambitious.
C. Additional efforts are required.
D. Climate changes are unavoidable.
14. What can we learn about renewable energy in Paragraph 3
A. It ought to be replaced.
B. It will see an adequate increase.
C. It starts a revolution in Australia.
D. It needs constant financial aid.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the coal-free week
A. Skeptical. B. Optimistic.
C. Thrilled. D. Ambiguous.
【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章讲述了一个世纪以来，首次没有使用任何煤炭发电的澳大利亚引起人们的关注，虽然这是一个好的势头，但总体情况却不太乐观。促进可再生能源更新需要持续的财政援助和不断的努力。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“For one thing, renewables supplied only 23 per cent of electricity during this coal-free period, while 45 per cent came from natural gas.”可知，可再生能源在这个无煤时期仅提供了23％的电力，而45％的电力来自天然气。因此在“无煤周”中，澳大利亚用的最多的来发电的东西是天然气。故选A。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For another, Australia is off-track when it comes to meeting its long-term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions. Producing electricity without burning fossil fuels is relatively easy. But it is much harder to heat homes, to make cement and steel, to grow food and to power cars, ships and planes without producing any greenhouse gases. In view of this, we should handle the energy and climate crises at the same time by finding climate-friendly alternatives to coal.”可知，在实现减少温室气体排放的长期目标方面，澳大利亚偏离了轨道。在不燃烧化石燃料的情况下生产电力相对容易。但是，在不产生任何温室气体的情况下，为房屋供暖，制造水泥和钢铁，种植食物以及为汽车，轮船和飞机提供动力要困难得多。有鉴于此，我们应该通过寻找对气候有好处的煤炭替代品来同时应对能源和气候危机。由此可知，关于减少温室气体的排放，还需要作出额外的努力。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Australia has now stopped the financial aid that drove its renewables revolution. So growth in renewable energy is expected to come to a stop in a decade. The global renewables revolution seems to be following the same trend.”可知，澳大利亚现已停止了推动其可再生能源革新的财政援助。因此，可再生能源的增长预计将在十年内停止。全球可再生能源革新似乎正在遵循同样的趋势。即促进可再生能源更新需要持续的财政援助。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Should we be thrilled that, for the first time in a century, Australia went more than a week without using any coal to make electricity While some are welcoming this as a sign that the country is going green, the bigger picture is less encouraging.”和“So we should cheer the end of coal, but continue to worry about how it will be replaced.”可知，一个世纪以来首次没有使用任何煤炭发电的澳大利亚让有些人对此表示欢迎，这表明澳大利亚正在走向绿色环保，但总体情况却不那么令人鼓舞。我们应该为煤炭使用的终结欢呼，但还要继续担心它将如何被取代。因此可知，作者对“无煤周”持怀疑态度。故选A。
第二节（共5小题，每小题25分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five Tips For A Happier Life
Here are some scientifically proven but simple ways to cultivate satisfaction.
Help other people. Whether lending a hand or offering a handout, giving to others has been found to make you feel better. A study from the University of British Columbia found that people who spent money on gifts for others or gave to charity reported being happier than people who spent cash on themselves. _____16_____. And there’s a big bonus: giving your time to help others is also associated with better health.
Listen to music. _____17_____, according to research from the University of Missouri, especially if you actively try to be happier when you’re listening. Psychologists from Goldsmiths, University of London also found that people who listened to positive music judged a grey square to look brighter than it actually was.
___18___ . You might need to listen to cheerful music to improve your frame of mind, but it’s not the same when it comes to movies, according to academics at Ohio State University. Watching a tragic film appeared to make viewers reflect on their own relationships and realize how much better off they were than the characters in the movie.
Meditate (冥想). Mindfulness meditation which focuses on experiencing the here and now has been shown to increase feelings of contentment. What’s more, researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in the US looked at brain scans of 16 people who took part in an eight- week mindfulness meditation course and found changes in the brain. _____19_____
Go outdoors. Numerous studies have found being outside is an effective pick-me-up._____20_____ But best of all, according a University of Sussex and LSE study, is a visit to the coast. Researchers asked people to log their happiness levels on a “Happiness” app and being by the sea on a warm weekend day came out top.
A. Watch a sad film
B. Go to movies with friends
C. Optimistic music can have a positive effect on our well-being
D. If it’s a green space, even if it’s just your local park, that’s better still
E. They indicated less stress and heightened self-awareness and compassion
F. Volunteering can make you feel good too, according to a number of studies
G. Simply write down the little things you’re grateful for, whether that’s a nice cup of tea or spotting a pretty bird in the garden
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. A 19. E 20. D
【解析】
【导语】本是一篇说明文，介绍了五个使生活更幸福的建议。
【16题详解】
上文“A study from the University of British Columbia found that people who spent money on gifts for others or gave to charity reported being happier than people who spent cash on themselves. (英属哥伦比亚大学的一项研究发现，花钱给别人买礼物或捐给慈善机构的人比把钱花在自己身上的人更快乐)”说明帮助别人能够使自己快乐，因此F项“根据一些研究，志愿服务也能让你感觉良好”符合语境，故选F。
【17题详解】
上文“Listen to music (听音乐)”说明此处是要介绍音乐带来的好处，因此C项“乐观的音乐对我们的健康有积极的影响”符合本段主旨，故选C。
【18题详解】
空处为段落主旨句。下文“Watching a tragic film appeared to make viewers reflect on their own relationships and realize how much better off they were than the characters in the movie. (观看悲剧电影可以让观众反思自己的人际关系，并意识到自己比电影中的角色要好得多)”说明本段说的是观看悲伤的电影，因此A项“看一部悲伤的电影”概括段意，故选A。
【19题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。上文“What’s more, researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in the US looked at brain scans of 16 people who took part in an eight- week mindfulness meditation course and found changes in the brain (更重要的是，美国麻省总医院的研究人员对16名参加了为期8周的正念冥想课程的人进行了脑部扫描，发现了大脑的变化)”推知，空处陈述大脑的这些变化意味着什么。因此E项“他们表示压力更小，自我意识和同情心更强”符合语境，故选E。
【20题详解】
上文“Numerous studies have found being outside is an effective pick-me-up.( 许多研究发现，户外活动是一种有效提神剂。)”推知，空处内容英语户外活户外活动相关。因此D项“如果是一片绿地，即使只是你家附近的公园，那就更好了”符合语境，故选D。
Ⅱ. 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41—55各题所给的A、B、C和D项中。选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In 2020, 13-year-old Adcola Olagbegi caught a rare illness, and had a successful operation . ____21____, Adcola is now out of hospital. While he was ____22____, be found out that he was qualified enough to apply for a(n) ____23____ to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation. While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favorite figure, Adcola ____24____ chose to feed the homeless.
The Male A-Wish Foundation is famous for brightening the lives of children ____25____ illnesses by realizing their wishes. A wish always includes having something or going somewhere. However, Adcola’s wish to give came as a ____26____ to the organization, as Adcola’s ____27____ wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history.
“When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n) ____28____ young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization. She was ____29____ with the teen’s kindness and sense of _____30_____.
Adcola thinks his past experiences of _____31_____ with his family in their community are the _____32_____ for him to make the giving wish. When deciding what to do with the _____33_____ chance, the one thing that was the most important to him was that his wish had a long-lasting _____34_____.
“My mom always says it’s lucky to be someone _____35_____. so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer” Adcola explained.
21.
A. Hopefully B. Gradually C. Frankly D. Thankfully
22.
A. practising B. recovering C. preparing D. fighting
23.
A. opportunity B. interview C. goal D. job
24.
A. anyway B. therefore C. instead D. moreover
25.
A. taking on B. suffering from C. looking through D. getting off
26.
A. pleasure B. success C. disappointment D. surprise
27.
A. generous B. formal C. exciting D. curious
28.
A. terrible B. kind C. capable D. confident
29.
A. confused B. committed C. impressed D. frightened
30.
A. honor B. humor C. relief D. responsibility
31.
A. designing B. exploring C. exercising D. volunteering
32.
A. permission B. cooperation C. inspiration D. application
33.
A. unexpected B. normal C. strange D. different
34.
A. memory B. faith C. impact D. appreciation
35.
A. professional B. helpful C. powerful D. ideal
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了13岁的Adcola Olagbegi向许愿基金会申请愿望的时候选择了帮助无家可归的人，这让这个组织很惊讶，文中也讲到了Adcola选择这个愿望的原因。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，Adcola现在已经出院。A. Hopefully有希望地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Frankly坦白地 ；D. Thankfully值得庆幸的是。由后文的“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，Adcola现在已经出院，这是值得庆幸的，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. practicing练习；B. recovering康复；C. preparing准备；D. fighting战斗。由上文的“had a successful operation”和“Adcola is now out of hospital”可知，他出院后在康复期间，他发现自己有资格向许愿基金会(Make-A-Wish Foundation)许愿。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在康复期间，他发现自己有资格从许愿基金会获得一个梦想愿望的机会。A. opportunity机会；B. interview面试；C. goal目标；D. job工作。由后文的“to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation”可知，他发现自己有机会向许愿基金会许愿。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年会选择去迪士尼行或者见最喜欢的人物，而Adcola却选择了给无家可归的人提供食物。A. anyway无论如何；B. therefore因此；C. instead相反；D. moreover此外。由上文的“While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favourite figure”和后文的“chose to feed the homeless”可知，此处将 Adcola与许多青少年进行对比，所以“相反”符合句意。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：许愿基金会以通过实现他们的愿望来点亮患有疾病的儿童的生活而闻名，一个愿望总是包括拥有一些东西或去一些地方。A. taking on呈现；B. suffering from患有；C. looking through浏览；D. getting off下车。由后文的“illnesses”可知，此处表示“生病的孩子”。故选 B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. pleasure快乐；B. success成功；C. disappointment失望；D. surprise意外之事。由后文的“as Adcola’s___7___ wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history”可知，Adcola的愿望是该组织有史以来的第一次，所以会感到意外。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，Adcola的愿望让该组织感到意外，因为Adcola的慷慨愿望是该组织35年历史上的第一次。A. generous慷慨的；B. formal正式的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. curious好奇的。由第一段的“Adcola__4__ chose to feed the homeless”可知，他的愿望很慷慨。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当他如此轻易地提出帮助别人时，你只需要说，这是一个善良的年轻人，”该组织的官员琳达说。A. terrible糟糕的；B. kind善良的；C. capable有能力的；D. confident自信的。由上文的“he so easily offers to help others”可知，他如此轻易地提出帮助别人，他是一个善良的年轻人。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. confused困惑的；B. committed尽心尽力的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. frightened害怕的。由后文的“with the teen’s kindness and sense of __10__”可知，这个青少年的善良和责任感给Linda留下了深刻的印象。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年的善良和责任感给她留下了深刻的印象。A. honor荣幸；B. humor幽默；C. relief宽慰；D. responsibility责任。由第一段的“Adcola__4__ chose to feed the homeless”可知，Adcola愿意帮助无家可归的人，有责任感。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为，他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是他许下慷慨愿望的灵感来源。A. designing设计；B. exploring探索；C. exercising练习；D. volunteering自愿做。由后文的“with his family in their community”可知，他和家人在社区做志愿者。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Adcola认为，他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是他许下慷慨愿望的灵感来源。A. permission允许；B. cooperation合作；C. inspiration灵感；D. application申请。由上文的“his past experiences of__11__with his family in their community”和后文的“to make the giving wish”可知，Adcola认为他过去和家人一起在社区做志愿者的经历是他许下捐赠愿望的灵感来源。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. unexpected出乎意料的；B. normal正常的；C. strange奇怪的；D. different不同的。根据第一段的“While he was ___2___, he found out that he was qualified for a(n) ___3___ to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation.”可知，正在康复中的Adcola突然得到可以许一个愿望的机会，这是一个出乎意料的机会。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当决定如何处理这个意外的机会时，对他来说最重要的一件事是，他的愿望具有持久的影响。A. memory记忆；B. faith信心；信任；C. impact影响；D. appreciation感激。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，为他人做点事情，这会对他人有影响。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我妈妈总是说，能成为一个乐于助人的人是一件很幸运的事，所以我只是想为别人做些事情，让这种感觉持续得更久。”Adcola解释说。A . professional专业的；B. helpful有帮助的；C. powerful强大的；D. ideal理想的。由后文的“do something for other people”可知，他为他人做点事情，也就是对他人有帮助。故选B。
第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the pre-Qin period, Chengdu ____36____(be) an important cultural town in China. But ____37____ really sets the city apart, culturally, is its opera. An important aspect of Sichuan Opera is ____38____ magic of “face changing” where vividly coloured marks are changed within the blink of an eye. In opera gardens and tea houses across the town, audiences who want a glimpse of the local culture love to drink tea while ____39____(listen) to Sichuan Opera and watching face changing.
It ____40____(believe) that “face changing” has its roots in evolution. Early humans needed survival strategies ____41____(avoid) fierce animals and foreign invaders. Often, aggressive facial gestures and non-verbal cues were part of it. The Sichuan Opera is said to bring this range of emotions on stage.
Once the performance starts, the actor keeps pulling down one mask after another in swift ____42____(movement) to convey different emotions. ____43____(astonishing) , no matter how close one is to the stage and stare ____44____ the actor, they just can’t tell how the masks change.
In fact, the different kinds of characters and personalities that Sichuan Opera brings alive can be found among common people. This is why ____45____(it) emotions will continue to resonate with people for a long time.
【答案】36. has been
37. what 38. the
39. listening
40. is believed
41. to avoid
42. movements
43. Astonishingly
44. at 45. its
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了川剧中的变脸艺术。
【36题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自先秦以来，成都一直是中国重要的文化重镇。根据时间状语Since the pre-Qin period可知，句子应用现在完成时态，主语Chengdu是专有名词，视为单数，助动词使用has。故填has been。
【37题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：但真正使这座城市在文化上与众不同的是它的歌剧。分析句子可知，空处应填主语从句的引导词，该引导词在主语从句中作主语，指物，故用连接代词what引导。故填what。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：川剧的一个重要方面是“变脸”的魔力，色彩鲜艳的面具在眨眼之间就变了。根据空后of “face changing”可知，此处特指“变脸的魔力”，故用定冠词the。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在镇上的戏院和茶馆里，想要一窥当地文化的观众喜欢一边喝茶，一边听川剧，看着变脸。分析句子可知，此处是while引导的状语从句的省略，动词listen与句子主语audiences构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填listening。
【40题详解】
考查固定句式。句意：人们认为“变脸”的根源在于进化。句子描述现在的一般情况应用一般现在时。It is believed that“人们认为”为固定句式，it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句。故填is believed。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：早期人类需要生存策略来躲避凶猛的动物和外来入侵者。分析句子可知，空处应用不定式在句中，作目的状语。故填to avoid。
【42题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：表演一开始，演员就不停地拉下一个又一个面具，动作敏捷，传达不同的情绪。movement“动作”为可数名词，前面没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。故填movements。
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，无论一个人离舞台有多近，盯着演员看，他们都无法分辨面具是如何变化的。分析句子可知，空处应填副词astonishingly“令人惊讶的是”，作状语，修饰整个句子。故填Astonishingly。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：令人惊讶的是，无论一个人离舞台有多近，盯着演员看，他们都无法分辨面具是如何变化的。stare at“盯着看”为固定短语。故填at。
【45题详解】
考查代词。句意：这就是为什么它的情感会在很长一段时间内继续引起人们的共鸣。分析句子可知，空处应填形容词性物主代词its“它的”，指代Sichuan Opera’s。故填its。
Ⅲ. 课内知识考查（共两节，满分25分）
第一节：根据中文提示与首字母，写出正确的单词，并把完整的单词写在答题卡上（每题1分，共15分）
46. Hence, we should c______（停止，终止）accepting technology just because it is new. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】cease##ease
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：因此，我们不应该仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。should后应接动词原形，根据句意及中英文提示可知，空处应填动词原形cease“停止，终止”。故填cease。
47. “My a_______(抱负；夙愿；野心) is to set up a business in China after graduation,” she explained. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】ambition##mbition
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：“我的抱负是毕业后在中国创业，”她解释道。“抱负；夙愿；野心”作主语，根据首字母提示，用可数名词ambition，结合系动词is可知，主语是单数名词。故填ambition。
48. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood a___________ (明显地) destroyed its medical properties.（根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】apparently
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：她得出的结论是，煮沸甜艾草显然破坏了它的医学特性。根据句意，首字母以及汉语提示“明显地”可知，此处应填入副词apparently(明显地，显然地)作结果状语，故填apparently。
49. As a ______(结果；后果) he had to flee Germany. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】result##consequence
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：结果，他不得不逃离德国。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为介词短语As a result/consequence“结果”，满足句意要求。故填result。
50. Many of these new innovations are already a_______(可获得的；可购得的) and being used in some homes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】available##vailable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这些新发明中的许多已经可用，并在一些家庭中使用。“可获得的；可购得的”作表语，结合首字母提示，用形容词available，表明主语的属性。故填available。
51. Einstein was not only a ______(天才); he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】genius
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：爱因斯坦不仅是个天才，他是一个勇敢而善良的人物，受到许多人的喜爱。“天才”表达为名词genius，根据空前的不定冠词a，可知空格处应用单数形式，作表语。故填genius。
52. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and a_______(陪伴) them. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】accompany##ccompany
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：由于驯鹿总是在移动，萨米人会拿起帐篷陪伴他们。根据汉语提示以及首字母可知应填动词accompany，作谓语动词，在情态动词would后用原形。故填accompany。
53. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an i________(难以置信的) theme park that will appeal to you. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】incredible##ncredible
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：无论你喜欢哪一个，无论你喜欢什么，总有一个令人难以置信的主题公园会吸引你。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填形容词incredible，作定语修饰theme。故填incredible。
54. To t________ (解决) this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.(根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】tackle##ackle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了应对这一危机，他选择了学习农业，并在重庆的西南农学院接受了教育。根据单词首字母以及汉语提示可知应填动词tackle，此处不定式作目的状语。故填tackle。
55. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” d________ (不同) around the world. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】differ##iffer
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：甚至我们用来表示“是”和“否”的手势在世界各地也不同。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用动词differ，空处为主句谓语动词，且句子描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，主语the gestures为复数，differ应保持原形。故填differ。
56. “Hello, my name is Jean-Philippe. I’m a p _______ (摄影师),” he said. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】photographer##hotographer
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：“你好，我的名字是Jean-Philippe。我是一名摄影师，”他说。根据句意及中英文提示可知，空处应填名词photographer“摄影师”在句中作表语，用于不定冠词a之后，空处应用名词的单数形式。故填photographer。
57. Whatever it is, I know I need to i _______ (询问；打听) and assess what is going on. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】inquire##nquire
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：不管是什么，我知道我需要询问和评估发生了什么。根据句意及中英文提示可知，空处应填动词inquire“询问；打听”，不定式符号to后接动词原形形式。故填inquire。
58. In general, doctors in those days had two c________ (相互矛盾的) theories to explain how cholera spread. （根据中英文提示填空）
【答案】contradictory##ontradictory
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：一般来说，当时的医生对解释霍乱的传播有两种相互矛盾的理论。根据句意，首字母提示和汉语提示，应填形容词contradictory“相互矛盾的”作定语，故填contradictory。
【点睛】
59. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I j_______（证明……有道理）sitting there and doing nothing We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.” (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】justify##ustify
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：陈后来谈到这件事时说：“我怎么能证明坐在那里什么都不做是正当的呢？我们都有责任关心彼此的幸福。”根据句意及中英文提示可知，空处应填动词justify“证明……有道理”，情态动词could后应接动词原形。故填justify。
60. Other students are not m_______ (成熟的) enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】mature##ature
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：其他学生还不够成熟，无法独自应对挑战，可能会变得沮丧。“成熟的”作表语，结合首字母提示，用形容词mature，表明主语的属性。故填mature。
第二节：填入所提供词的正确形式或适当的功能词（每空1分，共10分）
61. I wake up to the sound of the wind __________ (buffet) the cloth of my tent. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】buffeting
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我在风噼里啪啦地拍打着帐篷布的声音中醒来。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词the wind，buffet与the wind之间为主动关系，结合句意，此处表示动作正在进行，所以使用现在分词作后置定语。故填buffeting。
62. They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further ________________ (strong) our country. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】strengthen
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：他们有很好的设施和优秀的教授，帮助教育年轻人，他们将为经济做出贡献，进一步加强我们的国家。作谓语，应用动词strengthen，结合上文will可知为一般将来时。故填strengthen。
63. The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person _______ (employ) the gesture might think it means money. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】employing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：“OK”的手势在不同的文化中有不同的含义。在日本，看到别人做这个手势的人可能会认为这是钱的意思。witness sb. doing...是固定搭配，意为“看到某人做……”，空处用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填employing。
64. Yuan was _______ (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】convinced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：袁相信，可以在杂交水稻的创造中找到答案。提示词作表语，用形容词convinced，意为“确信的，坚信的”，表明主语Yuan的心理状态；be convinced of...“确信，坚信……”。故填convinced。
65. A Sichuan restaurant ________(recommend) to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been recommended
【解析】
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：一个朋友向我们推荐了一家四川餐馆，最后我们找到了。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且表示过去的过去，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been recommended。
66. _______ (grab) your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Grabbing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：另一只手紧紧抓住拳头，快速向内向上一次推至他的腹部。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是省略主语you的祈使句，grab作非谓语动词，与祈使句中隐含的逻辑主语you之间是主动关系，空处应用现在分词形式作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Grabbing。
67. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of_recovered. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】whom
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：后来，这种药在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，大多数患者都康复了。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词patients，且作介词of的宾语，指人，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
68. The truth was ________ the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】that
【解析】
【详解】考查表语从句。句意：事实是Broad Street的水泵的水被废物污染了。分析可知，空格处引导的是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此空格处用that引导表语从句，故填that。
69. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, _______ sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】which
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他长着浓密的小胡子和长长的白发，有时直立起来，好像刚挨了电击似的。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词hair，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
70. However, _________ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.（根据句意填空）
【答案】whether
【解析】
【详解】考查连词。句意：然而，是否有可能培育出像水稻这样的自花传粉植物的杂交品种，这是一个有很大争议的问题。_____ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice是主语从句，根据后面的debate可知缺“是否”的意思，故填whether。
Ⅳ. 应用文写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，得知市少儿图书馆将要开展以“中国文化”为主题的系列活动，内容包括画脸谱、赏京剧等，请给你校的交换生Sam写一封信，邀请他一起申请当志愿者。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 简单介绍本次活动；
3. 简述志愿者的工作任务。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：少儿图书馆Children’s Library；脸谱facial makeup
Dear Sam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Sam,
I’m delighted to inform you that the Children’s Library in the city will hold an activity to spread Chinese culture. Due to the fact that you’re keen on Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to apply for volunteer work with me.
The activity is scheduled to be held next Monday morning, with its contents ranging from practicing facial makeup painting to appreciating Beijing Opera. As volunteers, not only will they help arrange and decorate the venue, but they will also help guide the visitors and publicize the activity. It is such a meaningful experience that I am convinced that you’ll not miss it.
Please confirm your participation before this Friday. Looking forward to your arrival!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校交换生Sam写一封信，邀请他在市少儿图书馆将要开展的以“中国文化”为主题的系列活动中当志愿者。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→pleased
举行：hold→host
因为：due to→because of
欣赏：appreciate→admire
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句： It is such a meaningful experience that I am convinced that you’ll not miss it.
拓展句： Such a meaningful experience is it that I am convinced that you’ll not miss it.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Due to the fact that you’re keen on Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to apply for volunteer work with me.(运用了that引导的同位语从句)
【高分句式2】The activity is scheduled to be held next Monday morning, with its contents ranging from practicing facial makeup painting to appreciating Beijing Opera.(运用了with的复合结构)2023-2024学年度第一学期期末教学质量监测
高二级英语科试题
温馨提示：请将答案写在答题卡上，考试时间：120分钟 满分120分
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和度位号填写在答题卡上。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上：如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，上缴答题卡。
Ⅰ. 阅读（共两节，20题，满分50分）
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Watercolor Painting Classes
The following is something related to watercolor painting classes for people online.
What is the Watercolor Academy
The Watercolor Academy is much more than just a painting course. Here, you will also become a member of a unique art community where you can exhibit your artworks, get professional opinions on your creative progress, have your art questions answered, and communicate with your academy visitors.
Contents
Learn how to paint watercolors in our fun and practical art classes taught by professional artists in London. Our lively, fun Watercolor Painting Courses are designed to debunk (揭穿) the myth that painting with watercolors and inks is difficult—through our tutors’ lively instruction and encouragement, students will lose their depression and create lively artwork.
Schedule
Classes meet once a week on their scheduled day. Review our schedule to find out when course terms start and end, and please see the registration page for class days and times. We believe that with time, encouragement and the proper instruction, anyone can learn to draw and paint exceptionally well. Our school has served the Minneapolis & St. Paul community for over 25 years as artists and teachers.
Fees
The price for a group of 2 to 5 people is $ 100 per person. For 6 or more participants, the cost is $60 per person. The price for a private class starts at $ 200 for an individual. If you choose the private class, you will be able to select the painting of your choice and schedule the day and time that works well for you and the instructor. Call 970-429-2777 to book a private watercolor class.
1. What can students do in the Watercolor Academy
A. Give a lecture on painting. B. Present their own good works.
C Set up a unique art community. D. Learn to give professional opinions.
2. What’s the purpose of the Watercolor Painting Courses
A. To show watercolor painting is fun. B. To make students professional artists.
C. To make students more lively. D. To make watercolor painting easy for its students.
3. What is special about the private class
A. It can last for many hours. B. The class is given by famous artists.
C. The students can schedule their class time. D. It requires students to work well.
B
On November 7, Lewis Pugh completed a one-kilometer swim in the freezing waters of King Edward Cove, off South Georgia in Antarctica. He was wearing only his swimming glasses, cap and Speedo !
Pugh is an advocate for our oceans and seas, working to protect these ecosystems with their large diversity of marine life. When asked why he doesn't wear a wetsuit(防寒泳衣), Pugh says, "I ask world leaders to do everything they can to protect our oceans. Sometimes the steps they need to take are difficult and unpopular. If I'm asking them to be courageous, I must also be. Swimming in a wetsuit would not send the right message."
It took Pugh about 19 minutes to complete the one-kilometer swim in Antarctica where the water averaged about 1.6 degrees Celsius. He says that his body can only tolerate about 20 minutes in the freezing waters before it starts shutting down. As he swims, his body temperature steadily drops, which in turn causes his muscle control to drop, slowing him down. When he is done with his swim, his support team rushes him to a hot shower and it takes almost an hour for his body temperature to return to normal.
Doctors and Pugh caution that one must receive months of training to swim in such cold waters. Even expert swimmers who are unused to freezing water can drown within minutes because of the physical shock experienced by the body. Pugh says he trained for six months before this swim.
This is not the first time that Pugh has swum in dangerous conditions. In 2007, he swam one kilometer in the North Pole to draw attention to the melting Arctic ice due to climate change. In 2015, he swam in the Bay of Whales in Antarctica's Ross Sea as part of his successful campaign to help set up a marine reserve there.
4. Why did Lewis Pugh swim without a wetsuits
A. To show his bravery.
B. To swim faster.
C. To build up his body.
D. To have overnight fame.
5. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to'
A His body temperature.
B. His body
C. The water.
D. The water temperature.
6. What's Pugh's advice about swimming in freezing waters
A. One should be expert at swimming.
B. One must be used to long-distance swimming.
C. One should be ready to take on challenges.
D. One must be adequately prepared for it.
7. What may be the best title for the text
A. Lewis Pugh: achieving the impossible
B. How to survive a swim in cold waters
C. Lewis Pugh: swimming for a cause
D. How to prepare for extreme swimming
C
There’s nothing like a good night’s sleep-but what does that really mean It turns out that the answer depends not only on your age, but also on your lifestyle. Some people are productive and happy with fewer hours of sleep, while others need more. Still, experts can determine guidelines that work for most people. The National Sleep Foundation researched the topic and gave new recommendations this week. The foundation acknowledge s that sleep needs will very lifestyle and stress should be taken into consideration but their recommendations offer a general guideline. For example, teenagers (14-17 years old) need 8-10 hours’ sleep every day.
To create the recommendations, some sleep and medical experts reviewed 312 articles from journals published during the last decade. This is the first time that a professional organization has developed age -specific recommended sleep durations (时长)bbased on systematic review of the world scientific literature.
A lack of sleep can be linked to weight gain, because that causes an increase in appetite, according to the foundation. It can also have serious consequences on the brain. People who do not get enough sleep are at increased risk for depression (抑郁症), and can endanger others. Those who become sleepy while driving, for example, risk both their lives and the lives of those around them.
Researchers also have found in the past that too much sleep can have negative effects. Low socioeconomic status and depression reportedly are significantly associated with longer sleep. However, experts nowadays find that research on oversleeping is still doubtful and needs more attention. Currently, there is no strong evidence that sleeping too much has health consequences. There is, however, laboratory evidence that short sleep durations of four to five hours have negative consequences. We need similar laboratory studies to determine whether long sleep durations result in physiological changes that could lead to disease before we make any recommendations against sleep extension.
8. Which is TRUE about sleeping time
A. The time you need for sleep is related to your personal situation.
B. Experts’ guideline for sleeping time applies to all the people.
C. The less you sleep, the more productive you are.
D. The more you sleep, the more energetic you are.
9. The research shows that people without enough sleep will ______.
A. lose some weight B. eat more food
C. dream during their sleep D. drive faster than usual
10. From Paragraph 4, we can learn that ______.
A too much sleep may result in social changes
B. researchers now agree with those in the past
C. more research on oversleeping is needed
D. research on oversleeping is quite persuasive
11. From which section of a newspaper is the passage most probably taken
A. Health. B. Psychology. C. Sport. D. Education.
D
Should we be thrilled that, for the first time in a century, Australia went more than a week without using any coal to make electricity While some are welcoming this as a sign that the country is going green, the bigger picture is less encouraging. For one thing, renewables （可再生能源）supplied only 23 per cent of electricity during this coal-free period, while 45 per cent came from natural gas. In the past decade, the country has gone from getting a third of its electricity from coal to obtaining more than a third from renewables like onshore wind on average. Australia now gets 11 per cent of its electricity from “renewable” biomass （生物质能）, much of it using imported wood. But forest campaigners say swapping coal for wood isn’t truly renewable and is actually doing huge damage to the environment.
For another, Australia is off-track when it comes to meeting its long-term targets for cutting greenhouse gas emissions (排放).Producing electricity without burning fossil fuels is relatively easy. But it is much harder to heat homes, to make cement and steel, to grow food and to power cars, ships and planes without producing any greenhouse gases. In view of this, we should handle the energy and climate crises at the same time by finding climate-friendly alternatives to coal.
Australia has now stopped the financial aid that drove its renewables revolution. So growth in renewable energy is expected to come to a stop in a decade. The global renewables revolution seems to be following the same trend. The International Energy Agency （IEA） recently announced that the world added 180 gigawatts （千兆瓦）of solar, wind, hydro power and bioenergy in 2018, the same as in 2017. But IEA said we must add 300 gigawatts a year to have a chance of limiting global warming to under 2°C by 2100. So we should cheer the end of coal, but continue to worry about how it will be replaced.
12. In the “coal-free week”, what did Australia use most to make electricity
A. Natural gas. B. Onshore wind.
C. Biomass. D. Wood.
13. What can be inferred about the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in Paragraph 2
A. Positive results are tracked.
B. Long-term goals are ambitious.
C. Additional efforts are required.
D. Climate changes are unavoidable.
14. What can we learn about renewable energy in Paragraph 3
A. It ought to be replaced.
B. It will see an adequate increase.
C. It starts a revolution in Australia.
D. It needs constant financial aid.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards the coal-free week
A. Skeptical. B. Optimistic.
C. Thrilled. D. Ambiguous.
第二节（共5小题，每小题25分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Five Tips For A Happier Life
Here are some scientifically proven but simple ways to cultivate satisfaction.
Help other people. Whether lending a hand or offering a handout, giving to others has been found to make you feel better. A study from the University of British Columbia found that people who spent money on gifts for others or gave to charity reported being happier than people who spent cash on themselves. _____16_____. And there’s a big bonus: giving your time to help others is also associated with better health.
Listen to music. _____17_____, according to research from the University of Missouri, especially if you actively try to be happier when you’re listening. Psychologists from Goldsmiths, University of London also found that people who listened to positive music judged a grey square to look brighter than it actually was.
___18___ . You might need to listen to cheerful music to improve your frame of mind, but it’s not the same when it comes to movies, according to academics at Ohio State University. Watching a tragic film appeared to make viewers reflect on their own relationships and realize how much better off they were than the characters in the movie.
Meditate (冥想). Mindfulness meditation which focuses on experiencing the here and now has been shown to increase feelings of contentment. What’s more, researchers from Massachusetts General Hospital in the US looked at brain scans of 16 people who took part in an eight- week mindfulness meditation course and found changes in the brain. _____19_____
Go outdoors. Numerous studies have found being outside is an effective pick-me-up._____20_____ But best of all, according a University of Sussex and LSE study, is a visit to the coast. Researchers asked people to log their happiness levels on a “Happiness” app and being by the sea on a warm weekend day came out top.
A. Watch a sad film
B. Go to movies with friends
C. Optimistic music can have a positive effect on our well-being
D. If it’s a green space, even if it’s just your local park, that’s better still
E. They indicated less stress and heightened self-awareness and compassion
F. Volunteering can make you feel good too, according to a number of studies
G. Simply write down the little things you’re grateful for, whether that’s a nice cup of tea or spotting a pretty bird in the garden
Ⅱ. 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节：完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41—55各题所给的A、B、C和D项中。选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
In 2020, 13-year-old Adcola Olagbegi caught a rare illness, and had a successful operation . ____21____, Adcola is now out of hospital. While he was ____22____, be found out that he was qualified enough to apply for a(n) ____23____ to ask for a dream wish from Make-A-Wish Foundation. While many teens would choose a Disney trip or meet a favorite figure, Adcola ____24____ chose to feed the homeless.
The Male A-Wish Foundation is famous for brightening the lives of children ____25____ illnesses by realizing their wishes. A wish always includes having something or going somewhere. However, Adcola’s wish to give came as a ____26____ to the organization, as Adcola’s ____27____ wish was the first of its kind in the organization’s 35-year history.
“When he so easily offers to help others, you just have to say, that’s a(n) ____28____ young man,” said Linda, an official of the organization. She was ____29____ with the teen’s kindness and sense of _____30_____.
Adcola thinks his past experiences of _____31_____ with his family in their community are the _____32_____ for him to make the giving wish. When deciding what to do with the _____33_____ chance, the one thing that was the most important to him was that his wish had a long-lasting _____34_____.
“My mom always says it’s lucky to be someone _____35_____. so I just wanted to do something for other people to make it last longer” Adcola explained.
21.
A. Hopefully B. Gradually C. Frankly D. Thankfully
22.
A. practising B. recovering C. preparing D. fighting
23.
A. opportunity B. interview C. goal D. job
24.
A. anyway B. therefore C. instead D. moreover
25.
A. taking on B. suffering from C. looking through D. getting off
26.
A. pleasure B. success C. disappointment D. surprise
27.
A. generous B. formal C. exciting D. curious
28.
A. terrible B. kind C. capable D. confident
29.
A. confused B. committed C. impressed D. frightened
30.
A. honor B. humor C. relief D. responsibility
31.
A. designing B. exploring C. exercising D. volunteering
32.
A. permission B. cooperation C. inspiration D. application
33.
A. unexpected B. normal C. strange D. different
34.
A. memory B. faith C. impact D. appreciation
35.
A. professional B. helpful C. powerful D. ideal
第二节：（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since the pre-Qin period, Chengdu ____36____(be) an important cultural town in China. But ____37____ really sets the city apart, culturally, is its opera. An important aspect of Sichuan Opera is ____38____ magic of “face changing” where vividly coloured marks are changed within the blink of an eye. In opera gardens and tea houses across the town, audiences who want a glimpse of the local culture love to drink tea while ____39____(listen) to Sichuan Opera and watching face changing.
It ____40____(believe) that “face changing” has its roots in evolution. Early humans needed survival strategies ____41____(avoid) fierce animals and foreign invaders. Often, aggressive facial gestures and non-verbal cues were part of it. The Sichuan Opera is said to bring this range of emotions on stage.
Once the performance starts, the actor keeps pulling down one mask after another in swift ____42____(movement) to convey different emotions. ____43____(astonishing) , no matter how close one is to the stage and stare ____44____ the actor, they just can’t tell how the masks change.
In fact, the different kinds of characters and personalities that Sichuan Opera brings alive can be found among common people. This is why ____45____(it) emotions will continue to resonate with people for a long time.
Ⅲ. 课内知识考查（共两节，满分25分）
第一节：根据中文提示与首字母，写出正确的单词，并把完整的单词写在答题卡上（每题1分，共15分）
46. Hence, we should c______（停止，终止）accepting technology just because it is new. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
47. “My a_______(抱负；夙愿；野心) is to set up a business in China after graduation,” she explained. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
48. She concluded that boiling the sweet wormwood a___________ (明显地) destroyed its medical properties.（根据中英文提示填空）
49. As a ______(结果；后果) he had to flee Germany. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50. Many of these new innovations are already a_______(可获得的；可购得的) and being used in some homes. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
51. Einstein was not only a ______(天才); he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
52. Since reindeer were always on the move, the Sami would pick up their tents and a_______(陪伴) them. (根据中英文提示填空)
53. Whichever and whatever you like, there is an i________(难以置信的) theme park that will appeal to you. （根据中英文提示填空）
54. To t________ (解决) this crisis, he chose to study agriculture and received an education at Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing.(根据中英文提示填空)
55. Even the gestures we use for “yes” and “no” d________ (不同) around the world. (根据中英文提示填空)
56. “Hello, my name is Jean-Philippe. I’m a p _______ (摄影师),” he said. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
57. Whatever it is, I know I need to i _______ (询问；打听) and assess what is going on. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
58. In general, doctors in those days had two c________ (相互矛盾的) theories to explain how cholera spread. （根据中英文提示填空）
59. Chen later said about the incident, “How could I j_______（证明……有道理）sitting there and doing nothing We are all humans and we all have a responsibility to look after one another’s welfare.” (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
60. Other students are not m_______ (成熟的) enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
第二节：填入所提供词的正确形式或适当的功能词（每空1分，共10分）
61. I wake up to the sound of the wind __________ (buffet) the cloth of my tent. (所给词的适当形式填空)
62. They have great facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further ________________ (strong) our country. (所给词的适当形式填空)
63. The gesture for “OK” has different meanings in different cultures. In Japan, someone who witnesses another person _______ (employ) the gesture might think it means money. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64. Yuan was _______ (convince) that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. (所给词的适当形式填空)
65. A Sichuan restaurant ________(recommend) to us by a friend, and finally, we found it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
66. _______ (grab) your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. (所给词的适当形式填空)
67. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of_recovered. (用适当的词填空)
68. The truth was ________ the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. (用适当的词填空)
69. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, _______ sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric shock. (用适当的词填空)
70. However, _________ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate.（根据句意填空）
Ⅳ. 应用文写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，得知市少儿图书馆将要开展以“中国文化”为主题的系列活动，内容包括画脸谱、赏京剧等，请给你校的交换生Sam写一封信，邀请他一起申请当志愿者。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 简单介绍本次活动；
3. 简述志愿者的工作任务。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：少儿图书馆Children’s Library；脸谱facial makeup
Dear Sam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
