潍坊市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the design class
A. Down a level. B. Up a level. C. On the same level.
2. What does the man like best about the apartment
A. Its pretty garden. B. Its large rooms. C. Its convenient location.
3. What will the woman do on Saturday
A. Go to the beach. B. Go to a party. C. Go to work.
4. What is the woman saving money for
A. Donations to a project. B. The electricity bill. C. A new car.
5. What is the man’s favorite subject
A. Art. B. Math. C. Literature.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister.
7. Who is probably the best player in the club now
A. Sam. B. Ming. C. Vince.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Which country is the man’s second destination
A. France. B. Italy. C. Spain.
9. Why will the man spend more time in Spain
A. To learn Spanish. B. To go sightseeing. C. To visit his relatives.
10. How many days will the trip last
A. 10. B. 12. C. 17.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What’s the man’s special request
A No drinks. B. No cheese. C. Onion rings.
12. Why does the man refuse dessert
A. He thinks it too expensive.
B. He doesn’t like sweet foods.
C. He won’t have time to eat it.
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. In a company cafeteria. C. In the man’s kitchen.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How is the woman feeling now
A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Surprised.
15. Where does the man come from originally
A. San Francisco. B. London. C. Beijing.
16. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. Christmas. B. The Spring Festival. C. The Dragon Boat Festival.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What type of problem is the train network experiencing
A. A weather problem. B. An electrical problem. C. A technique problem.
18. When will the train arrive at Manchester station
A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm.
19. What should passengers to Wigan do
A. Take a bus instead. B. Take the next train. C. Walk to a different station.
20. Which platform will the train to West Kirby leave from now
A. Platform F. B. Platform G. C. Platform K.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Thousands of books are published daily, and book advertisements play a crucial role in increasing awareness about those books. But it’s too easy to be tricked into bad “advertising opportunities” and make the wrong decisions. Here are several forms of digital advertising proven to work well.
Facebook advertising: Facebook provides the perfect advertising platform for authors because it allows targeting very specific categories of people. The other advantage is that it’s easy to test. You can start with a budget as low as $5 and gradually increase your monetary (货币的) commitment if your return on investment is positive.
Amazon advertising: Amazon allows you to show ads about your book directly on other book pages and search result pages. Since their main US rollout in 2017, they’ve become the most effective advertising place for authors.
Bookbub advertising: Bookbub rolled out a self-serve ad platform in 2016, which they’ve greatly improved since. It’s a less competitive playing field than Facebook or Amazon, but it does have its features.
Discount/promotion advertising: If you’re running a discount or free promotion on one of your books, you can apply to have it advertised in the newsletters of platforms such as Freebooksy, Bargainbooksy, etc.
Other types of advertising include search advertising, Goodreads advertising, banner ads on websites, etc. These haven’t produced the same effective results for most authors yet, but they could be just as effective (or more) if you write in a certain field.
1. What is special about the Facebook advertising
A. It is easy for authors to access.
B. It aims at saving money for readers.
C. It allows adjusting investment by profit.
D. It includes different categories of information.
2. Which is suitable to promote your book with a discount
A. Facebook. B. Amazon. C. Bookbub. D. Freebooksy.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To get readers to buy more books.
B. To raise people’s reading awareness.
C. To offer authors advertising platforms.
D. To help publishers communicate with readers.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几种在书籍推广中常用的几种广告形式，并详细描述了每种广告形式的特点和优势，以及如何使用它们来提高书籍的知名度和销售量。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The other advantage is that it’s easy to test. You can start with a budget as low as $5 and gradually increase your monetary (货币的) commitment if your return on investment is positive.(另一个优点是它很容易测试。你可以从低至5美元的预算开始，如果你的投资回报是积极的，你可以逐渐增加你的资金投入。)”可知，Facebook的广告很容易测试，可以从低预算开始，如果回报很好，就可以增加资金投入。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Discount/promotion advertising: If you’re running a discount or free promotion on one of your books, you can apply to have it advertised in the newsletters of platforms such as Freebooksy, Bargainbooksy, etc.(折扣/促销广告：如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebooksy、Bargainbooksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。)”可知，如果你正在对你的某本书进行折扣或免费促销，你可以申请在Freebooksy、Bargainbooksy等平台的新闻通讯中做广告。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Thousands of books are published daily, and book advertisements play a crucial role in increasing awareness about those books. But it’s too easy to be tricked into bad “advertising opportunities” and make the wrong decisions. Here are several forms of digital advertising proven to work well.(每天都有成千上万的书出版，图书广告在提高人们对这些书的认识方面起着至关重要的作用。但是，很容易被欺骗到糟糕的“广告机会”，并做出错误的决定。以下是几种行之有效的数字广告形式。)”可知，文章主要提供了一些有效的数字广告形式。故选C。
B
Working at an investment bank in New York City in the mid-2010s. Anna Sacks was living the life—just not the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt important and was fulfilling on a deeper level.
Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. From then on, she began what she calls “trash (垃圾) walking.”
While walking around her neighborhood Sacks, 31, picked through rubbish to look for reusable items. Soon, her trash walks expanded to include company rubbish along with residential trash. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide range of really great stuff—like clothing, dinnerware, and food—all of which she documents on Instagram and TikTok.
Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable life. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to overconsumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. Sacks’s videos have gone viral many times, causing shockwaves through the industries she calls out.
Trash walking has given Sacks a nearly endless supply and she shares much of her “treasure” with others. She tries giving them informally to family, friends, or individuals she knows may need a specific item. Then she takes the remaining items to free stores so other New Yorkers can benefit from her treasure-hunting.
Sacks’s main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away. “Once you become aware of the way you consume, you can see ways you improve,” she says.
4. What inspired Sacks to begin her “trash walking”
A. Her desire to live a richer life. B. The great need for household stuff.
C. Her involvement in a project. D. The wish to be an Internet star.
5. What do Sacks’ videos focus on
A. Funny stories. B. Views on consumption.
C. Educational courses. D. Solutions to problems.
6. How does Sacks deal with her trash
A. She donates all to the charity. B. She keeps most for her family.
C. She gives away much to others. D. She sells some to individuals.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Trash Walker: Find Treasure in Trash.
B. Trash Walking: A Tough Journey.
C. Trash Walker: Live in the Moment.
D. Trash Walking: A New Career.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Anna Sacks的女性的生活经历和她对可持续生活方式的独特贡献，她通过“垃圾漫步”来减少浪费，提高人们对可持续生活方式的认识。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. From then on, she began what she calls “trash (垃圾) walking.”(Sacks结束了自己的生活，搬到了康涅狄格州，在那里住了三个月，参加了一个名为Adamah的犹太农业项目，该项目专注于可持续的生活和种植可持续的食物。Adamah项目让Sacks看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性。从那时起，她开始了她所谓的“垃圾漫步”)”可知，Sacks参加了一个项目后，看到了消费文化在地方、国家和全球层面上造成的损害，以及找到解决方案的必要性，于是她开始了“垃圾漫步”。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable life. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to overconsumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. (Sacks以“垃圾漫步者”的名字迅速走红，因为她的有教育性的、有趣和令人惊讶的视频突出了消费主义的问题，并分享了如何过上更可持续的生活的信息。她说：“根本问题是生产过剩，生产过剩导致消费过剩，消费过剩导致大量浪费。”)”可知，Sacks的视频主要是和消费主义相关，包括她对消费的看法。故选B。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Trash walking has given Sacks a nearly endless supply and she shares much of her “treasure” with others. She tries giving them informally to family, friends, or individuals she knows may need a specific item. Then she takes the remaining items to free stores so other New Yorkers can benefit from her treasure-hunting.(“垃圾漫步”给Sacks了几乎无穷无尽的供应，她与他人分享了她的大部分“宝藏”。她试着把它们非正式地送给家人、朋友或她知道可能需要某件特定物品的个人。然后，她把剩下的东西送到免费商店，这样其他纽约人就可以从她的寻宝活动中受益)”可知，Sacks将大部分的垃圾送给了家人、朋友和免费商店。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要介绍了Anna Sacks通过“垃圾漫步”活动在垃圾中寻找可重复使用的物品，并将这些“宝藏”分享给他人的故事。因此，A选项“Trash Walker: Find Treasure in Trash (垃圾漫步者：在垃圾中寻找宝藏)”最符合文章的主题和主要内容，能够准确概括文章的核心思想。故选A。
C
When you eagerly dig into a long-anticipated dinner, signals from your stomach to your brain keep you from eating so much that you’ll regret it—or so it’s been thought. That theory had never really been directly tested until a team of scientists at University of California, San Francisco recently took up the question.
The team, led by Zachary Knight, a professor of UCSF physiology discovered that our tastebuds (味蕾) are the first line of defense against eating too fast. The study, published in the journal Nature, provides scientists with a novel perspective on how we control our appetite and could make clear the efficacy of weight-loss drugs like Ozempic.
Truong Ly, PhD, a graduate student in Knight’s lab, developed new techniques allowing for the imaging and recording of a brainstem structure critical for feeling full in an awake, active mouse. The team found that when they put food directly into the mouse’s stomach, brain cells called PRLH which influences appetite were activated by nutrient signals sent from the stomach, in line with traditional thinking and the results of prior studies. However, when they allowed the mice to eat the food as they normally would, those signals from the stomach didn’t show up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched to a new activity pattern that was entirely controlled by signals from the mouth.
“It was a total surprise that these cells were provoked by sense of taste,” said Ly. “It shows that there are other components of the appetite-control system that we should be thinking about.” The research indicates that when we’re hungry, our brain uses taste in two different ways at the same time—one telling us to eat more because it tastes good, and another part is watching how fast you’re eating and saying, “Slow down or you’re going to be sick.”
The research indicates that our brain integrates taste, rather than only relying on stomach signaling, to control eating behavior. The team plans to investigate how taste signals interact with feedback from the stomach to suppress (抑制) our appetite during a meal.
8. What does the study conducted by UCSF find
A. Ozempic is effective in weight loss. B. Stomachs have effects on our appetite.
C. Sense of taste can affect the speed of eating. D. The expectation for dinner influences food intake.
9. What can we learn about PRLH brain cells in paragraph 3
A. They are crucial to providing nutrients.
B. Their activities can also be ruled by taste signals.
C. Their functions are determined by regular meals.
D. They can be improved by signals from stomach and taste.
10. What does the underlined word “provoke” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Stimulate. B. Damage. C. Manage. D. Restrict.
11. What will the following research be about
A. Stomach feedback for appetite. B. Interaction of taste and stomach.
C. The functions of taste signals. D. Development of weight-loss drugs.
【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家验证了我们的味觉会影响吃饭的速度，文章解释了研究开展的过程以及研究的有关发现。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The team, led by Zachary Knight, a professor of UCSF physiology discovered that our tastebuds (味蕾) are the first line of defense against eating too fast. (由加州大学旧金山分校生理学教授Zachary Knight领导的研究小组发现，我们的味蕾是防止吃得太快的第一道防线)”可知，加州大学旧金山分校的研究发现味觉会影响吃饭的速度。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched to a new activity pattern that was entirely controlled by signals from the mouth.(相反，PRLH脑细胞切换到一种完全由口腔信号控制的新活动模式)”可知，PRLH脑细胞的活动也受味觉信号的支配。故选B。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段“Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched to a new activity pattern that was entirely controlled by signals from the mouth.(相反，PRLH脑细胞切换到一种完全由口腔信号控制的新活动模式)”以及划线词后文“The research indicates that when we’re hungry, our brain uses taste in two different ways at the same time—one telling us to eat more because it tastes good, and another part is watching how fast you’re eating and saying, “Slow down or you’re going to be sick.”(研究表明，当我们饿的时候，我们的大脑同时以两种不同的方式使用味觉——一种是告诉我们吃得多一点，因为味道很好，另一种是看着你吃得多快，然后说:“慢点，否则你会生病的。”)”可知，PRLH脑细胞是被味觉刺激而工作的，故划线词意思是“刺激”，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“The team plans to investigate how taste signals interact with feedback from the stomach to suppress (抑制) our appetite during a meal.(研究小组计划研究味觉信号如何与胃的反馈相互作用，从而抑制我们吃饭时的食欲)”可知，接下来的研究关于味觉和胃的相互作用。故选B。
D
All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords, combining pet names with numbers, symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence (AI) model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes (按键).
At least that’s the extreme view of a team of British researchers. Using a deep learning model, they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed. This, in theory, would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to obtain what is being typed including messages and passwords.
The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard. This is needed to train the algorithm (计算程序). While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone, it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modem MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced, the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand, they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key.
“If you get enough data, a model can be built pretty easily,” Oli Buckley, a professor of Internet security. “If it works on one keyboard, it will likely work on the next. The MacBook has a nice, quiet keyboard, so the idea is that if it works on something quiet, it will have a wide-reaching ability on louder keyboards”.
While this all sounds pretty scary, not to mention a new form of hacking (侵入) to look out for, it isn’t quite as worrying as it sounds.
“A good sample of data is needed for it to work, so this changes if you’re using a Dell, a MacBook or an external keyboard. Also, factors change. Some people type loader and harder, or my keyboards full of eat hair so that impacts things slightly”, says Buckley.
12. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Why protective steps are needed.
B. Why a set of training data is vital.
C. How you document secret information.
D. How hackers gain data from targeted computers.
13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The keyboard. B. The model. C. The waveform. D. The computer.
14. What do Buckley’s words imply in the last paragraph
A. AI understands exactly what you’re typing.
B. Purchasing expensive computer is necessary.
C. Cats play an important role in privacy protection.
D. Building an accurate dataset through keystrokes is not easy.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. A scary danger is on the way.
B. A new form of hacking troubles us.
C. AI can transform the digital world in a big way.
D. AI can discover passwords by listening to you type.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. D 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，研究表明，人工智能能够通过按键窃取你的密码。
【12题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard. This is needed to train the algorithm (计算程序). While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone, it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modem MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced, the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand, they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key.(这种攻击的第一步是记录某人键盘上的按键。这是训练计算程序所需要的。虽然这可以通过笔记本电脑的麦克风来实现，但同样可以通过在电脑附近放置智能手机来实现。研究人员通过在MacBook Pro上按36个键，每个键按25次，并记录下产生的声音，获得了一整套训练数据。这些信息被转换成波形，以显示每个键之间可识别的差异。有了这些信息，他们就可以建立一个机器学习模型，以了解哪些波形与哪个键对齐。)”可知，第三段主要介绍了黑客如何从目标电脑中获取数据的。故选D。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“If you get enough data, a model can be built pretty easily(如果你有足够的数据，就可以很容易地建立一个模型。)”以及“If it works on one keyboard(如果它能在一个键盘上工作)”可推测，划线单词“it”指的是上文提到的模型。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““A good sample of data is needed for it to work, so this changes if you’re using a Dell, a MacBook or an external keyboard. Also, factors change. Some people type loader and harder, or my keyboards full of eat hair so that impacts things slightly”, says Buckley.( Buckley 说，“为了让它有效，需要良好的样本数据，因此，如果你使用的是戴尔、MacBook或外接键盘，情况就会有所不同。此外，还有其他因素。有些人打字更快或更慢，或者我的键盘上满是食物残渣和头发，这些都会对结果产生轻微影响。”)”可知，Buckley认为通过按键声来建立一个准确的数据集并不容易。他提到，为了模型有效工作，需要良好的样本数据，而且不同键盘和打字方式会影响模型的准确性。因此，通过按键声来窃取笔记本电脑上的数据并不是一件容易的事情，需要克服很多挑战和不确定性。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords, combining pet names with numbers, symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence (AI) model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes (按键).(你花在制作强密码、将宠物名字与数字、符号和生日结合在一起的所有辛苦工作，很快就会化为乌有，因为一种新的人工智能(AI)模型可以达到95%的理解按键的准确率。)”以及第二段“At least that’s the extreme view of a team of British researchers. Using a deep learning model, they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed. This, in theory, would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to obtain what is being typed including messages and passwords.(至少这是一组英国研究人员的极端观点。通过使用深度学习模型，他们能够通过麦克风从笔记本电脑的键盘上窃取数据，以了解输入的内容。从理论上讲，这将使黑客能够进入你的笔记本电脑，获得你输入的内容，包括信息和密码。)”可知，文章主要讲述的人工智能能够读取键盘按键声音，从而获得你的密码。故选D。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ego (自我意识) can destroy ambition and success. It can prevent us from knowing ourselves and hold us back. ____16____ So it disappears from the front of your mind.
Feelings of superiority (优越感) are destructive. Relationships, whether personal or professional, can easily be ruined if you consider yourself superior. You will soon distance yourself from others if you adopt an attitude of superiority. ____17____
The urge to win every conflict and to always be right is extremely unwise. Winning unimportant battles will prevent you from stepping back and assessing the consequences of your actions. You will not be able to take a cool, calm overview. ____18____ This will hold you back when you need the help and co-operation of others to achieve your goals.
____19____ On the road to success and a fulfilling life remember that you will have enough for your needs at every stage. The constant push to get more can be exhausting and will affect your ability to make progress. Do not give in to your ego’s need for more and we can lead a simpler life.
Getting rid of your ego, therefore, is something that you can achieve by shifting your approach to life. ____20____ Then you will find that you now face less of a struggle. Without your ego making demands of you, you will become a more pleasant, accessible, and easy-going character with an enviable reputation.
A. We should respect everyone’s life style.
B. Learn to be satisfied with what you have.
C. It’s necessary to understand the damage it does to us.
D. Life is much less enjoyable when you are an outsider.
E. The trick to the problem is to quieten the voice of ego.
F. We should lead a less demanding life, with less pressure on ourselves.
G. The need to be always right leads to unpopularity and others’ negative view of you.
【答案】16. E 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章作者通过讨论自我意识对雄心壮志和成功的影响，以及如何摆脱自我意识的束缚，提出了自己的观点和看法。
【16题详解】
根据空后“So it disappears from the front of your mind.(所以它从你的脑海中消失了。)”可推断，空处指的是让自我意识消失的方法。选项E“The trick to the problem is to quieten the voice of ego.(解决这个问题的诀窍是让自我的声音安静下来。)”与下文内容相一致，指的是让自我的声音安静下来，这样自我意识就会从脑海中消失。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据空前“You will soon distance yourself from others if you adopt an attitude of superiority.(如果你采取优越感的态度，你很快就会与别人疏远。)”可知，优越感会让别人疏远你。选项D“Life is much less enjoyable when you are an outsider.(当你是一个局外人时，生活就不那么愉快了。)”自然延续上文内容，指的是当别人疏远你的时候，生活就不愉快了。故选D。
【18题详解】
根据空前的“The urge to win every conflict and to always be right is extremely unwise. Winning unimportant battles will prevent you from stepping back and assessing the consequences of your actions. You will not be able to take a cool, calm overview.(想要赢得每一场冲突、总是正确的冲动是极其不明智的。赢得不重要的战斗会阻止你退后一步，评估你行为的后果。你将无法冷静地看待问题。)”可知，想要一直赢，一直正确的冲动是有害的。选项C“It’s necessary to understand the damage it does to us.(有必要了解它对我们造成的损害)”是上文内容的总结，指出我们应该了解这种冲动不利于我们的自身发展。故选C。
【19题详解】
空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“On the road to success and a fulfilling life, remember that you will have enough for your needs at every stage. The constant push to get more can be exhausting and will affect your ability to make progress. Do not give in to your ego’s need for more and we can lead a simpler life.(在通往成功和充实人生的道路上，请记住，在每个阶段你都会有足够的钱来满足你的需要。不断地追求更多会让你筋疲力尽，也会影响你取得进步的能力。不要屈服于自我对更多的需求，我们可以过更简单的生活。)”可知，本段讲述的是不要总是不知满足，我们可以过简单的生活。选项B“Learn to be satisfied with what you have.(学会满足于你所拥有的。)”与本段内容相符。故选B。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Getting rid of your ego, therefore, is something that you can achieve by shifting your approach to life.(因此，你可以通过改变你的生活方式来摆脱自我。)”可知，我们可以通过改变生活方式来摆脱自我意识。选项F“We should lead a less demanding life, with less pressure on ourselves.(我们应该过一种要求少一些的生活，给自己少一些压力。)”与空前内容相一致，指的是改变我们的生活方式，从而摆脱自我意识。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community. When she was just 14, she volunteered at a local ____21____ to help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food. She felt something was missing: fresh vegetables. “I thought it would be great to ____22____ that,” Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and ____23____ homegrown produce.
This ____24____ teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm. Initially, while proud of her daughter’s ____25____, Lauren’s mother, Katie, admitted to some ____26____, wondering how much work this would mean.
Coming from a farming family, Lauren had some ____27____ with agriculture, but she had never tried growing ____28____ at scale (规模). She ____29____ plants online, checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop. She then secured a _____30_____ from the National FFA Organization, which supports _____31_____ education, to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies.
And importantly, Lauren didn’t _____32_____ from hard work. During Iowa’s hot and dry summers, she had to _____33_____ her crops for around three hour daily. She also _____34_____ cheeked for harmful insects, and bent down to pick her green bean crop, the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.
With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years. She has also won the _____35_____ of her community.
21.
A. factory B. school C. shelter D. shop
22.
A. examine B. tolerate C. discover D. change
23.
A. donate B. promote C. purchase D. process
24.
A. honey-mouthed B. kind-hearted C. good-mannered D. open-minded
25.
A. reputation B. hobby C. vision D. agenda
26.
A. mistakes B. truths C. regrets D. concerns
27.
A. familiarity B. difficulty C. doubt D. patience
28.
A. fruits B. vegetables C. grains D. trees
29.
A. mentioned B. shared C. ranked D. researched
30.
A. title B. place C. fund D. plan
31.
A. agricultural B. cultural C. environmental D. special
32.
A. fall off B. set apart C. shy away D. go back
33.
A. gather B. water C. observe D. plant
34.
A. frequently B. impatiently C. occasionally D. leisurely
35.
A. interest B. admiration C. welfare D. competition
【答案】21 C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个17岁的女孩Lauren Schroeder如何受到启发，决定帮助她所在社区的需要帮助的家庭获得健康食品的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她14岁的时候，她在当地的一个收容所做志愿者，帮助有需要的人装满罐装和包装食品。A. factory工厂；B. school学校；C. shelter收容所；D. shop商店。根据上文的“she volunteered”以及空后的“help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food.”可推测，Lauren是在当地收容所做志愿者。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lauren在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时谈到了她种植和捐赠本土农产品的动机，她说：“我认为改变这种状况会很好。”A. examine检查；B. tolerate忍受；C. discover发现；D. change改变。根据上文“She felt something was missing: fresh vegetables.”可知，Lauren觉得食品中缺少蔬菜。而根据段首句“Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community.”可知，她想改变这一状况。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lauren在接受《华盛顿邮报》采访时谈到了她种植和捐赠本土农产品的动机，她说：“我认为改变这种状况会很好。”A. donate捐赠；B. promote提升、促进；C. purchase购买；D. process加工、处理。根据最后一段“With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years.”可知，Lauren种植蔬菜的目的是为了捐赠给当地有需要的人家。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个善良少女告诉她的父母，她想在他们家的农场上开一个菜园。A. honey-mouthed甜言蜜语的；B. kind-hearted热心肠的；C. good-mannered有礼貌的；D. open-minded思想开明的。根据上文“Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community.”以及“Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and ____3____ homegrown produce.”可知，Lauren是个热心肠的、善良的女孩。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，虽然Lauren的母亲Katie为女儿的想法感到骄傲，但她承认自己有些担心，不知道这意味着要做多少工作。A. reputation名声；B. hobby爱好；C. vision视觉、想法；D. agenda日程。根据上文“This ____4____ teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm.”可知，Lauren将自己的想法告知了父母，由此可知，她的妈妈是为自己女儿的想法感到骄傲。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，虽然Lauren的母亲Katie为女儿的想法感到骄傲，但她承认自己有些担心，不知道这意味着要做多少工作。A. mistakes错误；B. truths事实；C. regrets遗憾；D. concerns担忧。根据空后的“wondering how much work this would mean.”可知，Katie对女儿的想法也感到担心，因为她不知道这意味着要做多少工作。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lauren来自一个农民家庭，对农业有所了解，但她从未尝试过大规模种植蔬菜。A. familiarity熟悉；B. difficulty困难；C. doubt怀疑；D. patience耐心。根据空前的“Coming from a farming family”可知，Lauren来自农民家庭，由此可知，她对农业还是有点熟悉的。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lauren来自一个农民家庭，对农业有所了解，但她从未尝试过大规模种植蔬菜。A. fruits水果；B. vegetables蔬菜；C. grains谷物；D. trees树木。根据上文可知，Lauren对农业有所了解；而根据下文内容可知，她还得去网上寻求帮助，查看如何照顾农作物，由此可判断，Lauren并未大规模种植过蔬菜。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她在网上研究植物，查看如何照顾每种作物的说明。A. mentioned提及；B. shared分享；C. ranked排名；D. researched研究。根据空后的“checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop”可推测，她是在网上研究如何种植农作物。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随后，她从支持农业教育的全国农艺协会组织(National FFA Organization)获得了一笔资金，用于购买种子和园艺用品。A. title标题；B. place地点；C. fund资金；D. plan计划。根据下文的“to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies”可知，她从该组织获得资金，用来购买种子和园艺用品。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随后，她从支持农业教育的全国农艺协会组织(National FFA Organization)获得了一笔资金，用于购买种子和园艺用品。A. agricultural农业的；B. cultural文化的；C. environmental环境的；D. special特别的。根据上文的“the National FFA Organization”以及空后的“to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies”可判断，该组织支持农业教育。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：更重要的是，Lauren从不回避艰苦的工作。A. fall off下降；B. set apart分开；C. shy away逃避；D. go back返回。根据下文内容“During Iowa’s hot and dry summers, she had to ____13____ her crops for around three hours daily. She also ____14____ cheeked for harmful insects, and bent down to pick her green bean crop, the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.”可知，Lauren凡事都亲力亲为，由此可知，她从未回避艰苦的工作。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在爱荷华州炎热干燥的夏季，她不得不每天给庄稼浇水大约三个小时。A. gather聚集；B. water浇水；C. observe观察；D. plant种植。根据空前的“During Iowa’s hot and dry summers”以及常识可知，在炎热干燥的夏季，她需要给庄稼浇水。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她还经常检查有害昆虫，弯腰采摘她的绿豆作物，在她看来，这是最具挑战性的蔬菜。A. frequently频繁地；B. impatiently不耐烦地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. leisurely悠闲地。根据下文“the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.”可知，这项工作最具有挑战性，由此可知，她需要频繁地检查有害昆虫，采摘绿豆作物。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也赢得了社区的钦佩。A. interest兴趣；B. admiration钦佩；C. welfare福利；D. competition竞争。根据空前的“With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years.”以及全文内容可知，她的善举应该是赢得了社区人们的钦佩。故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Chinese civilization is one of the most fascinating and lasting in the world,” Frances Wood, a well-known British Sinologist, said.
Wood ____36____ (appreciate) Chinese history ever since she studied at Peking University, ____37____ love for Chinese culture is reflected in her daily life. The front yard of her house is full of bamboo, and her bookshelf ____38____ (load) with Chinese and English books related to China. She keeps numerous gifts given to her by Chinese friends, such as small Peking Opera masks, Chinese calligraphy works and paintings.
As a judge in the “Chinese Bridge” language contest ____39____ (hold) in London for British university students, she was amazed by their great passion for learning Mandarin. “They were not only fluent Mandarin speakers but also excellent performers, with talents ____40____ (range) from musical instruments to martial arts,” she says.
“People now have such a good opportunity ____41____ (go) to China, to visit and learn from people in China. The opportunities are much greater than they were when I started learning,” she says.
One of her favorite Chinese words is the one ____42____ owl, maotouying. She explains, “I love it because it immediately gives you a picture of ____43____ an owl looks like.”
Such a “wonderful ____44____ (combine)” of Chinese characters offers her much pleasure. For Wood, learning Chinese is _____45_____ “endless process”, which is still “endlessly fascinating”.
【答案】36. has appreciated
37. whose 38. is loaded
39. held 40. ranging
41. to go 42. for
43. what bination
45. an
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍了英国汉学家Frances Wood对中国文化和历史的深厚兴趣与热爱。
【36题详解】
考查时态。句意：自就读于北京大学以来，Wood就对中国历史十分欣赏，她对中国文化的热爱体现在她的日常生活中。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“ever since she studied at Peking University”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“Wood”，单数，谓语动词用has。故填has appreciated。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：自就读于北京大学以来，Wood就对中国历史十分欣赏，她对中国文化的热爱体现在她的日常生活中。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Wood”，和空后的“love”之间为所属关系，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：她家的前院种满了竹子，她的书架上摆满了与中国有关的中文和英文书籍。这里为并列句的谓语动词，根据上一句is可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“her bookshelf”，单数，和动词“load”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is loaded。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：作为在伦敦为英国大学生举办的“汉语桥”语言比赛的评委，她惊讶于他们对学习汉语的巨大热情。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“the “Chinese Bridge” language contest”和动词“hold”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填held。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她说：“他们不仅能说流利的普通话，而且表演也很出色，从乐器到武术都有才华。非谓语担当宾语补足语，宾语“talents”和动词“range”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填ranging。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：她说，“人们现在有这么好的机会去中国，参观和向中国人学习。现在的机会比我刚开始学习时大得多。”非谓语动词担当抽象名词“opportunity”的后置定语，用动词不定式形式。故填to go。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：她最喜欢的中文单词之一是猫头鹰。表示“……的表达方式”，用介词for。故填for。
【43题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：她解释说“我喜欢它，因为它能让你立刻看到猫头鹰的样子。” 这里为宾语从句的引导词，宾语从句中缺少介词后的宾语，用引导词what。故填what。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：这样一个汉字的“奇妙组合”给了她很多乐趣。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式作主语。故填combination。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对Wood来说，学习汉语是一个“永无止境的过程”，但它仍然是“无止境的迷人”。修饰单数可数名词，表示泛指，用不定冠词；空后单词“endless”发音为元音音素开头，用an。故填an。
第三节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. In the end, a f __________ (根本的) key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】fundamental##undamental
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：最后，健康饮食的一个根本关键是细嚼慢咽。名词key前用形容词修饰。根据中英文提示及句意，形容词“根本的”英文为fundamental。故填fundamental。
47. Guests p__________ (恐慌) and screamed when the earthquake hit the area. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】panicked##anicked
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：当地震袭击该地区时，客人们惊慌失措，尖叫不止。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“恐慌”应用panic，为动词，在本句中作谓语，且这里时态应与and后screamed一致，用一般过去时。故填panicked。
48. The blue water literally took their b __________ (呼吸) away with its exceptional beauty. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】breath##reath
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：湛蓝的海水以其独特的美丽使他们完全屏住气息。take one’s breath away令人咋舌；大为惊讶；目瞪口呆。根据中英文提示及句意，故填breath。
49. In time, he gained r__________（认可）as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (根据中英提示单词拼写)
【答案】recognition
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。根据汉语提示“认可”和首字母“r”以及空前的“gained”可知，此处应填名词recognition作宾语，此处表示抽象概念，不可数。故填recognition。
50. After working out every day, I feel more d__________ (充满活力的) and stronger in both body and mind. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
【答案】dynamic##ynamic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：每天锻炼后，我感觉身体和精神都更有活力、更强壮。根据首字母和中文提示可知，表示“充满活力的”应用dynamic，为形容词，在本句中作表语。故填dynamic。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 假设你是李华，你校外教Adam打算开设一门与英语相关的选修课，目前正在广泛征集学生们的意见，请你给外教写封电子邮件，提出你的建议，内容包括：
1. 课程简介；
2. 说明理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Adam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Adam,
I am glad to know that you are planning to set up an optional English course, so I’d like to recommend an English Audio -Visual Course.
It’s necessary for different activities, such as listening to English songs, dubbing classic movies, enjoying TV series, to be included in the course, which equips students with basic listening and speaking skills. All these activities will be popular among students. They can not only provide us with a rich language learning experience, but also help us develop critical thinking and enhance our communication skills.
That’s why I suggest such a course. I would appreciate it if you could consider my suggestion.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作中的建议信。要求考生给外教写封电子邮件，就其打算开设一门与英语相关的选修课提出自己的建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
必要的：necessary→ essential
受欢迎：be popular → gain popularity
提高：enhance → improve
考虑：consider→ take … into consideration
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：All these activities will be popular among students. They can not only provide us with a rich language learning experience, but also help us develop critical thinking and enhance our communication skills.
拓展句：All these activities will be popular among students, as they can not only provide us with a rich language learning experience, but also help us develop critical thinking and enhance our communication skills.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad to know that you are planning to set up an optional English course, so I’d like to recommend an English Audio.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和so引导的结果状语从句）
【高分句型2】It’s necessary for different activities, such as listening to English songs, dubbing classic movies, enjoying TV series, to be included in the course, which equips students with basic listening and speaking skills.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Swim Buddies
I leaned (倚靠) over the side of the beat and stared at the clear blue water. This was my last chance, I thought. “I hope you find a green turtle (乌龟) today, Alexa, and realize your dream of swimming with it.” Dad said, as if reading my thought. “Me, too,” my brother, Jonah, said. “I want to see one, too!”
I lifted my head up, turned toward Jonah, and glared. Why, why, why did he always insist on following me everywhere, doing everything I did Make your own friends. I wanted to scream at him. Find your own green sea turtle! But I said nothing. Ever since Jonah was a little kid and they discovered he acted so differently because he had autism (自闭症), I had been trained to show understanding for him. Trained to put up with a lot, including his shouts at the top of his lungs.
“We’ll stop here, and if we are lucky enough to see turtles.” Father said, “remember not to get too close, or they will be scared away. Do the ‘dead man’s float’ and wait. If they’re curious enough, they’ll cheek you out.”
Jonah said — too loudly, of course, so everyone on the boat could hear him —“That turtle sounds just like me. It wants to be friends but doesn’t know how, like me. I really, really, really want to see one, Dad.”
Putting the mouthpiece into my mouth, I dived into the water. I swam in a different direction and searched the seafloor. Suddenly, I saw a huge green turtle chewing on the seaweed. Excited as I was, I did the dead man’s float, lying as still as possible. “Come on, buddy (伙伴).” I said to myself, “Come swim with me!”
As I watched than lonely turtle, I couldn’t help bust think of Jonah’s words about friends — Jonah didn’t have friends. He functioned well enough to be in a regular class, but he was still strange enough that the other kids stayed away from him. This turtle might be the only one we could find today. And I knew that Jonah had got his heart set on seeing one, just like I did. Even though Jonah made my life really hard. I understood how he felt. I swam to Jonah.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Together, we swam back toward my turtle.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Emerging from the water, Jonah shouted, “The turtle is our friend now!”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Together, we swam back toward my turtle. We stopped. I went into dead man mode and Jonah followed. Silently, we watched it eat. And finally, the turtle began to move up toward the surface, toward us. We moved apart as the turtle broke the surface right between us. It took a breath, then slowly swam away. Jonah and I swam along on either side of the turtle for several minutes. I almost couldn’t believe it, I actually swam with a green sea turtle! My dream came true.
Emerging from the water, Jonah shouted, “The turtle is our fiend now!” Instead of embarrassed at his shouting, I smiled at my brother. “Sure,” I agreed. “Wouldn’t it be nice if it was always so easy to make friends ” Jonah was too excited to hear my question. But my dad heard me and smiled. “Thank you, Alexa,” he said. I shrugged. Sure, whatever, for a few minutes today, my brother and a turtle and I were swim buddies, and that was sure to become an awesome memory-maybe not for the turtle, but definitely for Jonah and me.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和自己的弟弟Jonah一起潜水寻找绿海龟的经历，他们和绿海龟建立了一种特殊的友谊。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我们一起向我的乌龟游去。”以及第二段首句内容“Jonah从水里出来，喊道：“乌龟现在是我们的朋友了!””可知，第一段可描写绿海龟和作者他们一起游泳。
②由第二段首句内容“Jonah从水里出来，喊道：“乌龟现在是我们的朋友了!””可知，第二段可描写作者真正接受了自己的弟弟，并且也会永远珍惜和绿海龟之间的友谊。
2.续写线索：和弟弟游向海龟——观察海龟——在海龟两侧游——弟弟觉得和海龟成了朋友——作者赞同——爸爸赞扬作者——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①开始：begin/start
②成为现实：come true/come into reality
③同意：agree/assent
情绪类
①兴奋的：excited/thrilled
②极好的：awesome/wonderful
【点睛】【高分句型1】We moved apart as the turtle broke the surface right between us.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
【高分句型2】Wouldn’t it be nice if it was always so easy to make friends （运用了if引导的状语从句）潍坊市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末考试英语
注意事项：
1. 答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where is the design class
A. Down a level. B. Up a level. C. On the same level.
2. What does the man like best about the apartment
A. Its pretty garden. B. Its large rooms. C. Its convenient location.
3. What will the woman do on Saturday
A. Go to the beach. B. Go to a party. C. Go to work.
4. What is the woman saving money for
A. Donations to a project. B. The electricity bill. C. A new car.
5. What is the man’s favorite subject
A. Art. B. Math. C. Literature.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6 What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Classmates. C. Brother and sister.
7. Who is probably the best player in the club now
A. Sam. B. Ming. C. Vince.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Which country is the man’s second destination
A. France. B. Italy. C. Spain.
9. Why will the man spend more time in Spain
A To learn Spanish. B. To go sightseeing. C. To visit his relatives.
10. How many days will the trip last
A. 10. B. 12. C. 17.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What’s the man’s special request
A. No drinks. B. No cheese. C. Onion rings.
12. Why does the man refuse dessert
A. He thinks it too expensive.
B. He doesn’t like sweet foods.
C. He won’t have time to eat it.
13. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. In a restaurant. B. In a company cafeteria. C. In the man’s kitchen.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. How is the woman feeling now
A. Tired. B. Excited. C. Surprised.
15. Where does the man come from originally
A San Francisco. B. London. C. Beijing.
16. What is the main topic of the conversation
A. Christmas. B. The Spring Festival. C. The Dragon Boat Festival.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What type of problem is the train network experiencing
A. A weather problem. B. An electrical problem. C. A technique problem.
18. When will the train arrive at Manchester station
A. At 1:00 pm. B. At 1:30 pm. C. At 2:00 pm.
19. What should passengers to Wigan do
A. Take a bus instead. B. Take the next train. C. Walk to a different station.
20. Which platform will the train to West Kirby leave from now
A. Platform F. B. Platform G. C. Platform K.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Thousands of books are published daily, and book advertisements play a crucial role in increasing awareness about those books. But it’s too easy to be tricked into bad “advertising opportunities” and make the wrong decisions. Here are several forms of digital advertising proven to work well.
Facebook advertising: Facebook provides the perfect advertising platform for authors because it allows targeting very specific categories of people. The other advantage is that it’s easy to test. You can start with a budget as low as $5 and gradually increase your monetary (货币的) commitment if your return on investment is positive.
Amazon advertising: Amazon allows you to show ads about your book directly on other book pages and search result pages. Since their main US rollout in 2017, they’ve become the most effective advertising place for authors.
Bookbub advertising: Bookbub rolled out a self-serve ad platform in 2016, which they’ve greatly improved since. It’s a less competitive playing field than Facebook or Amazon, but it does have its features.
Discount/promotion advertising: If you’re running a discount or free promotion on one of your books, you can apply to have it advertised in the newsletters of platforms such as Freebooksy, Bargainbooksy, etc.
Other types of advertising include search advertising, Goodreads advertising, banner ads on websites, etc. These haven’t produced the same effective results for most authors yet, but they could be just as effective (or more) if you write in a certain field.
1. What is special about the Facebook advertising
A. It is easy for authors to access.
B. It aims at saving money for readers.
C. It allows adjusting investment by profit.
D. It includes different categories of information.
2. Which is suitable to promote your book with a discount
A. Facebook. B. Amazon. C. Bookbub. D. Freebooksy.
3. What is the purpose of the text
A. To get readers to buy more books.
B. To raise people’s reading awareness.
C. To offer authors advertising platforms.
D. To help publishers communicate with readers.
B
Working at an investment bank in New York City in the mid-2010s. Anna Sacks was living the life—just not the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt important and was fulfilling on a deeper level.
Sacks packed up her life and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a Jewish farming program that focuses on sustainable living and growing sustainable food. The Adamah program opened Sacks’s eyes to the damage consumer culture is doing on a local, national, and global level, and the need to find solutions. From then on, she began what she calls “trash (垃圾) walking.”
While walking around her neighborhood Sacks, 31, picked through rubbish to look for reusable items. Soon, her trash walks expanded to include company rubbish along with residential trash. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide range of really great stuff—like clothing, dinnerware, and food—all of which she documents on Instagram and TikTok.
Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational, funny, and surprising videos that highlight the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable life. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to overconsumption, which leads to a large amount of waste,” she says. Sacks’s videos have gone viral many times, causing shockwaves through the industries she calls out.
Trash walking has given Sacks a nearly endless supply and she shares much of her “treasure” with others. She tries giving them informally to family, friends, or individuals she knows may need a specific item. Then she takes the remaining items to free stores so other New Yorkers can benefit from her treasure-hunting.
Sacks’s main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away. “Once you become aware of the way you consume, you can see ways you improve,” she says.
4 What inspired Sacks to begin her “trash walking”
A. Her desire to live a richer life. B. The great need for household stuff.
C. Her involvement in a project. D. The wish to be an Internet star.
5. What do Sacks’ videos focus on
A. Funny stories. B. Views on consumption.
C. Educational courses. D. Solutions to problems.
6. How does Sacks deal with her trash
A. She donates all to the charity. B. She keeps most for her family.
C. She gives away much to others. D. She sells some to individuals.
7. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Trash Walker: Find Treasure in Trash.
B. Trash Walking: A Tough Journey.
C. Trash Walker: Live in the Moment.
D. Trash Walking: A New Career.
C
When you eagerly dig into a long-anticipated dinner, signals from your stomach to your brain keep you from eating so much that you’ll regret it—or so it’s been thought. That theory had never really been directly tested until a team of scientists at University of California, San Francisco recently took up the question.
The team, led by Zachary Knight, a professor of UCSF physiology discovered that our tastebuds (味蕾) are the first line of defense against eating too fast. The study, published in the journal Nature, provides scientists with a novel perspective on how we control our appetite and could make clear the efficacy of weight-loss drugs like Ozempic.
Truong Ly, PhD, a graduate student in Knight’s lab, developed new techniques allowing for the imaging and recording of a brainstem structure critical for feeling full in an awake, active mouse. The team found that when they put food directly into the mouse’s stomach, brain cells called PRLH which influences appetite were activated by nutrient signals sent from the stomach, in line with traditional thinking and the results of prior studies. However, when they allowed the mice to eat the food as they normally would, those signals from the stomach didn’t show up. Instead, the PRLH brain cells switched to a new activity pattern that was entirely controlled by signals from the mouth.
“It was a total surprise that these cells were provoked by sense of taste,” said Ly. “It shows that there are other components of the appetite-control system that we should be thinking about.” The research indicates that when we’re hungry, our brain uses taste in two different ways at the same time—one telling us to eat more because it tastes good, and another part is watching how fast you’re eating and saying, “Slow down or you’re going to be sick.”
The research indicates that our brain integrates taste, rather than only relying on stomach signaling, to control eating behavior. The team plans to investigate how taste signals interact with feedback from the stomach to suppress (抑制) our appetite during a meal.
8. What does the study conducted by UCSF find
A. Ozempic is effective in weight loss. B. Stomachs have effects on our appetite.
C. Sense of taste can affect the speed of eating. D. The expectation for dinner influences food intake.
9. What can we learn about PRLH brain cells in paragraph 3
A. They are crucial to providing nutrients.
B. Their activities can also be ruled by taste signals.
C. Their functions are determined by regular meals.
D. They can be improved by signals from stomach and taste.
10. What does the underlined word “provoke” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Stimulate. B. Damage. C. Manage. D. Restrict.
11. What will the following research be about
A. Stomach feedback for appetite. B. Interaction of taste and stomach.
C. The functions of taste signals. D. Development of weight-loss drugs.
D
All the hard work that you’ve spent making strong passwords, combining pet names with numbers, symbols and birthdates could all soon be for nothing as a new artificial intelligence (AI) model achieves a 95% accuracy of understanding keystrokes (按键).
At least that’s the extreme view of a team of British researchers. Using a deep learning model, they were able to steal data from a laptop’s keyboard using a microphone to understand what is being typed. This, in theory, would allow hackers who were able to gain access to your laptop to obtain what is being typed including messages and passwords.
The first step for this attack to work is by recording the keystrokes on someone’s keyboard. This is needed to train the algorithm (计算程序). While this could be done from the laptop’s microphone, it could equally be achieved by placing a smartphone near the computer. By pressing 36 keys on a modem MacBook Pro 25 times each and recording the sounds produced, the researchers gained a full set of training data. This information is turned into waveforms to show identifiable differences between each key. With this information in hand, they could then build a machine-learning model to understand which of these waveforms lines up with which key.
“If you get enough data, a model can be built pretty easily,” Oli Buckley, a professor of Internet security. “If it works on one keyboard, it will likely work on the next. The MacBook has a nice, quiet keyboard, so the idea is that if it works on something quiet, it will have a wide-reaching ability on louder keyboards”.
While this all sounds pretty scary, not to mention a new form of hacking (侵入) to look out for, it isn’t quite as worrying as it sounds.
“A good sample of data is needed for it to work, so this changes if you’re using a Dell, a MacBook or an external keyboard. Also, factors change. Some people type loader and harder, or my keyboards full of eat hair so that impacts things slightly”, says Buckley.
12. What is paragraph 3 mainly about
A. Why protective steps are needed.
B. Why a set of training data is vital.
C. How you document secret information.
D. How hackers gain data from targeted computers.
13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refer to
A. The keyboard. B. The model. C. The waveform. D. The computer.
14. What do Buckley’s words imply in the last paragraph
A. AI understands exactly what you’re typing.
B. Purchasing expensive computer is necessary.
C. Cats play an important role in privacy protection.
D. Building an accurate dataset through keystrokes is not easy.
15. What is the main idea of the text
A. A scary danger is on the way.
B. A new form of hacking troubles us.
C. AI can transform the digital world in a big way.
D. AI can discover passwords by listening to you type.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Ego (自我意识) can destroy ambition and success. It can prevent us from knowing ourselves and hold us back. ____16____ So it disappears from the front of your mind.
Feelings of superiority (优越感) are destructive. Relationships, whether personal or professional, can easily be ruined if you consider yourself superior. You will soon distance yourself from others if you adopt an attitude of superiority. ____17____
The urge to win every conflict and to always be right is extremely unwise. Winning unimportant battles will prevent you from stepping back and assessing the consequences of your actions. You will not be able to take a cool, calm overview. ____18____ This will hold you back when you need the help and co-operation of others to achieve your goals.
____19____ On the road to success and a fulfilling life, remember that you will have enough for your needs at every stage. The constant push to get more can be exhausting and will affect your ability to make progress. Do not give in to your ego’s need for more and we can lead a simpler life.
Getting rid of your ego, therefore, is something that you can achieve by shifting your approach to life. ____20____ Then you will find that you now face less of a struggle. Without your ego making demands of you, you will become a more pleasant, accessible, and easy-going character with an enviable reputation.
A. We should respect everyone’s life style.
B. Learn to be satisfied with what you have.
C. It’s necessary to understand the damage it does to us.
D. Life is much less enjoyable when you are an outsider.
E. The trick to the problem is to quieten the voice of ego.
F. We should lead a less demanding life, with less pressure on ourselves.
G. The need to be always right leads to unpopularity and others’ negative view of you.
第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Caring 17-year-old, Lauren Schroeder, was inspired to help bring healthy food to needy families in her community. When she was just 14, she volunteered at a local ____21____ to help fill boxes for people in need with canned and packaged food. She felt something was missing: fresh vegetables. “I thought it would be great to ____22____ that,” Lauren told the Washington Post about her motivation to grow and ____23____ homegrown produce.
This ____24____ teen then told her parents of her desire to start a garden on their family farm. Initially, while proud of her daughter’s ____25____, Lauren’s mother, Katie, admitted to some ____26____, wondering how much work this would mean.
Coming from a farming family, Lauren had some ____27____ with agriculture, but she had never tried growing ____28____ at scale (规模). She ____29____ plants online, checking the instructions on how to take care of each crop. She then secured a _____30_____ from the National FFA Organization, which supports _____31_____ education, to cover seeds (种子) and gardening supplies.
And importantly, Lauren didn’t _____32_____ from hard work. During Iowa’s hot and dry summers, she had to _____33_____ her crops for around three hour daily. She also _____34_____ cheeked for harmful insects, and bent down to pick her green bean crop, the most challenging vegetable to harvest in her opinion.
With assistance from her family, Lauren has donated more than 7,000 pounds of homegrown produce in the past two years. She has also won the _____35_____ of her community.
21.
A. factory B. school C. shelter D. shop
22.
A. examine B. tolerate C. discover D. change
23.
A. donate B. promote C. purchase D. process
24.
A. honey-mouthed B. kind-hearted C. good-mannered D. open-minded
25.
A. reputation B. hobby C. vision D. agenda
26.
A. mistakes B. truths C. regrets D. concerns
27.
A. familiarity B. difficulty C. doubt D. patience
28.
A. fruits B. vegetables C. grains D. trees
29.
A. mentioned B. shared C. ranked D. researched
30.
A. title B. place C. fund D. plan
31.
A. agricultural B. cultural C. environmental D. special
32.
A. fall off B. set apart C. shy away D. go back
33.
A. gather B. water C. observe D. plant
34.
A. frequently B. impatiently C. occasionally D. leisurely
35.
A. interest B. admiration C. welfare D. competition
第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Chinese civilization is one of the most fascinating and lasting in the world,” Frances Wood, a well-known British Sinologist, said.
Wood ____36____ (appreciate) Chinese history ever since she studied at Peking University, ____37____ love for Chinese culture is reflected in her daily life. The front yard of her house is full of bamboo, and her bookshelf ____38____ (load) with Chinese and English books related to China. She keeps numerous gifts given to her by Chinese friends, such as small Peking Opera masks, Chinese calligraphy works and paintings.
As a judge in the “Chinese Bridge” language contest ____39____ (hold) in London for British university students, she was amazed by their great passion for learning Mandarin. “They were not only fluent Mandarin speakers but also excellent performers, with talents ____40____ (range) from musical instruments to martial arts,” she says.
“People now have such a good opportunity ____41____ (go) to China, to visit and learn from people in China. The opportunities are much greater than they were when I started learning,” she says.
One of her favorite Chinese words is the one ____42____ owl, maotouying. She explains, “I love it because it immediately gives you a picture of ____43____ an owl looks like.”
Such a “wonderful ____44____ (combine)” of Chinese characters offers her much pleasure. For Wood, learning Chinese is _____45_____ “endless process”, which is still “endlessly fascinating”.
第三节 单词拼写（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据汉语及首字母提示写出单词的正确形式，每空限填一词。
46. In the end, a f __________ (根本的) key to healthy eating is to eat slowly. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
47. Guests p__________ (恐慌) and screamed when the earthquake hit the area. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
48. The blue water literally took their b __________ (呼吸) away with its exceptional beauty. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
49. In time, he gained r__________（认可）as one of the greatest artists China has ever known. (根据中英提示单词拼写)
50. After working out every day, I feel more d__________ (充满活力的) and stronger in both body and mind. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
51. 假设你是李华，你校外教Adam打算开设一门与英语相关的选修课，目前正在广泛征集学生们的意见，请你给外教写封电子邮件，提出你的建议，内容包括：
1. 课程简介；
2. 说明理由。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Adam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Swim Buddies
I leaned (倚靠) over the side of the beat and stared at the clear blue water. This was my last chance, I thought. “I hope you find a green turtle (乌龟) today, Alexa, and realize your dream of swimming with it.” Dad said, as if reading my thought. “Me, too,” my brother, Jonah, said. “I want to see one, too!”
I lifted my head up, turned toward Jonah, and glared. Why, why, why did he always insist on following me everywhere, doing everything I did Make your own friends. I wanted to scream at him. Find your own green sea turtle! But I said nothing. Ever since Jonah was a little kid and they discovered he acted so differently because he had autism (自闭症), I had been trained to show understanding for him. Trained to put up with a lot, including his shouts at the top of his lungs.
“We’ll stop here, and if we are lucky enough to see turtles.” Father said, “remember not to get too close, or they will be scared away. Do the ‘dead man’s float’ and wait. If they’re curious enough, they’ll cheek you out.”
Jonah said — too loudly, of course, so everyone on the boat could hear him —“That turtle sounds just like me. It wants to be friends but doesn’t know how, like me. I really, really, really want to see one, Dad.”
Putting the mouthpiece into my mouth, I dived into the water. I swam in a different direction and searched the seafloor. Suddenly, I saw a huge green turtle chewing on the seaweed. Excited as I was, I did the dead man’s float, lying as still as possible. “Come on, buddy (伙伴).” I said to myself, “Come swim with me!”
As I watched than lonely turtle, I couldn’t help bust think of Jonah’s words about friends — Jonah didn’t have friends. He functioned well enough to be in a regular class, but he was still strange enough that the other kids stayed away from him. This turtle might be the only one we could find today. And I knew that Jonah had got his heart set on seeing one, just like I did. Even though Jonah made my life really hard. I understood how he felt. I swam to Jonah.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Together, we swam back toward my turtle.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Emerging from the water, Jonah shouted, “The turtle is our friend now!”
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
