河南省八年级英语寒假自我提升-基础题专练
同学们，寒假马上要开始了，我们即将迎来农历中国年，预祝同学们新年快乐！在新的一年里，同学们会进行下一个学期的学习。我们来年九月即将升入九年级，所以这个寒假是一个转折点，她既能伴着有心的同学提高成绩，也可能让无准备的同学感受到压力。所以请同学们与我一起，提前准备好新学期的课程。
本套专练，融合了上学期的重要知识点，又增加了下学期的部分新知识，分为基础题和能力题两种题型。现在看到的，是基础题型，请大家自由选择使用。
预祝同学在新的学期学习进步！
一、完形填空。(15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分)
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
A father and his daughter were walking back home on a hot summer day. On the way the daughter saw a woman ____1____ apples. She wanted her father to buy one for her. The father didn’t take much money ____2____ him, but it was enough to pay for two apples. So he went to the woman, bought two big red apples and gave ____1____ to his daughter.
Then the father smiled and asked her to share the two apples with him. After ____4____ this, the daughter took a bite from one apple. The father felt surprised. ____5____, before he could speak, the daughter put the other apple into her mouth. She took a bite from it ____6____.
The father was a little ____7____ about what his daughter did. ____8____ did she act in such a greedy way He guessed maybe she was too young to understand ____9____ and giving. There was no smile on his face. Just then the daughter said, “Dad, have this one. This one is much ____10____.”
He felt ____11____ for making the judgment so quickly about a child. His ____12____ came back again. Now he ____13____ why his daughter took a bite from each apple.
It ____14____ takes some time for us to understand things better. ____15____ don’t judge anything too quickly.
1.A. eating B. drawing C. carrying D. selling
2.A. with B. for C. to D. from
3A. them B. him C. her D. it
4.A. changing B. seeing C. hearing D. missing
5.A. Also B. However C. Certainly D. First
6.A. quickly B. carelessly C. unfriendly D. widely
7.A. excited B. careful C. unhappy D. comfortable
8.A. When B. Why C. What D. Where
9.A. thinking B. serving C. working D. sharing
10.A. bigger B. sweeter C. smaller D. lighter
11.A. bored B. sorry C. afraid D. worried
12.A. smile B. money C. chance D. voice
13.A. hoped B. believed C. knew D. advised
14.A. never B. once C. finally D. usually
15.A. And B. So C. But D. Or
【答案】1. D 2. A 3 A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【导语】本文讲述了一位父亲给女儿买了两苹果，问女儿是否愿意分享另一个给自己，在女儿咬完一口苹果后，父亲还没来及询问，她立马把另一个苹果咬了一口后，父亲认为女儿比较自私贪婪，很不开心，然而女儿咬完苹果后递给父亲那个她尝起来更甜的苹果后，父亲突然意识到自己之前的判断是错误的，觉得很抱歉。这个故事告诉我们，凡事不能太快做判断，而要花点时间充分了解后再做评论。
【1题分析】
句意：在路上，女儿看到一个卖苹果的女人。
eating吃；drawing画画；carrying携带；selling卖。根据“She wanted her father to buy one for her.”可知，此处指看到一个卖苹果的女人。故选D。
【2题分析】
句意：父亲身上带的钱不多，但足够买两个苹果了。
with和；for为了；to到；from从。根据“take much money…him ”，可知，此处指没有随身携带很多钱，take sth. with sb.“随身携带”。故选A。
【1题分析】
句意：于是他去找那个女人，买了两个又大又红的苹果给了他的女儿。
them他们；him他；her她；it它。根据“Then the father smiled and asked her to share the two apples with him.”可知，爸爸把两个苹果都给女儿了，them指两个苹果。故选A。
【4题分析】
句意：听了这话，女儿咬了一口苹果。
changing改变；seeing看见；hearing听见；missing错过。根据“Then the father smiled and asked her to share the two apples with him.”可知，爸爸笑着说，女儿听了之后，咬了苹果。故选C。
【5题分析】
句意：然而，在他说话之前，女儿把另一个苹果放进了嘴里。
Also也；However然而；Certainly当然了；First首先。根据“The father felt surprised…before he could speak, the daughter put the other apple into her mouth.”可知，此处表转折，还没来得及问，女儿把另一个苹果放进了嘴里。故选B。
【6题分析】
句意：她很快咬了一口。
quickly快地；carelessly粗心地；unfriendly不友好地；widely广泛地。根据“before he could speak…”可知，此处是快速地咬了一口。故选A。
【7题分析】
句意：父亲对女儿的所作所为有点不高兴。
excited兴奋的；careful小心的；unhappy不开心的；comfortable舒服的。根据“...did she act in such a greedy way”可知，此处父亲对女儿的所作所为有点不高兴。故选C。
【8题分析】
句意：她为什么表现得如此贪婪
When什么时候；Why为什么；What什么；Where哪里。根据“He guessed maybe…”可知，此处父亲想知道女儿为什么表现得如此贪婪。故选B。
【9题分析】
句意：他猜想也许她还太小，不懂得分享和给予。
thinking想；serving服务；working工作；sharing分享。根据上一段“…asked her to share the two apples with him”可知，此处指也许女儿还不懂得分享。故选D。
【10题分析】
句意：这个甜多了。
bigger更大；sweeter更甜；smaller更小；lighter更轻。根据“Dad, have this one.”和“don’t judge anything too quickly.”可知，此处故事开始转折，女儿咬苹果是为了尝试哪个苹果更甜。故选B。
【11题分析】
句意：他为自己这么快就对一个孩子做出判断而感到抱歉。
bored无聊的；sorry抱歉的；afraid害怕的；worried担心的。根据“for making the judgment so quickly about a child.”可知，此处父亲感到抱歉。故选B。
【12题分析】
句意：他的笑容又回来了。
smile微笑；money钱；chance机会；voice嗓音。根据“…came back again”可知，女儿把更甜的苹果给他时，他的微笑又回来了。故选A。
【13题分析】
句意：现在他知道女儿为什么每个苹果都要咬一口了。
hoped希望；believed相信；knew知道；advised建议。根据“why his daughter took a bite from each apple.”可知，此处父亲知道女儿咬苹果的原因了。故选C。
14题分析】
句意：我们通常需要一些时间来更好地理解事物。
never从不；once曾经；finally最后；usually通常。根据“…for making the judgment so quickly about a child”可知，此处指我们通常需要一些时间来更好地理解事物。故选D。
【15题分析】
句意：所以不要太快下结论。
And和；So所以；But但是；Or或者。根据“It…takes some time for us to understand things better...don’t judge anything too quickly.”可知，两句是因果关系，理解事物需要一些时间，所以不要太快下结论。故选B。
二、语篇填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
sure successful try science own become for break article after
There was a great flood (洪水) in Jiang Shan’s hometown on August 1st, 1998. “The flood ____1____ our houses and took away my families. My grandma helped me hold a tree to make ____2____ I was safe. But later, she was taken away by the flood,” Jiang said.
Then the next day, a boat came, and a young man saved her. The man was Wang Minghua, a firefighter at that time. “____3____ we saved more than 10 people, I suddenly found a little girl in a tree. It was difficult ____4____ us to get close to her. But we saved her ____5____ at last,” he said. There were many ____6____ about the two at that time.
Many of Jiang’s friends wanted to be a doctor, a ____7____ or a pilot, but Jiang had her ____8____ dream. She decided to become a person like Wang and do something meaningful. She worked hard and was always ____9____ to improve herself. Finally she ______10______ a police officer in 2023 and joined the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in 2023 .
【答案】1. broke
2. sure 3. After
4. for 5. successfully
6. articles
7. scientist
8. own 9. trying
10. became
【导语】本文介绍了1998年被洪水困住的女孩，在得到了消防员的救助后，长大以后也成了一名光荣的人民警察。
【1题分析】
句意：洪水冲毁了我们的房子，带走了我的家人。根据“our houses”可知指的是洪水冲毁了房子，备选词break“摧毁”符合语境，该句是一般过去时，所以空处用过去式。故填broke。
【2题分析】
句意：我奶奶帮我扶着一棵树，以确保我的安全。根据“I was safe.”可知是确保安全，选择备选词sure构成固定短语make sure“确保”。故填sure。
【3题分析】
句意：在我们救了10多人之后，我突然在一棵树上发现了一个小女孩。根据“we saved more than 10 people”并结合语境，可知指的是在救了10多人以后，又发现了一个小女孩。备选词after“在……后”，故填After。
【4题分析】
句意：我们很难接近她。根据“It was difficult ”及“us to get close to her.”可知考查句型it is/was adj for sb to do“对某人来说做某事是……的”，备选词for“对”符合语境。故填for。
【5题分析】
句意：但我们最终成功地救了她。根据“But we saved her”以及“at last”可知表达最后成功地救了她。备选词successful“成功的”，用其副词形式successfully修饰动词saved。故填successfully。
【6题分析】
句意：当时有很多关于他们两人的文章。根据“about the two at that time.”指的是关于他们两个的文章，备选词article“文章”符合语境。many接可数名词复数。故填articles。
【7题分析】
句意：她的许多朋友都想成为一名医生、科学家或飞行员，但她有自己的梦想。根据“ a doctor”以及“a pilot”可知这里都是说的职业，备选词science“科学”，其名词形式scientist“科学家”符合语境。故填scientist。
【8题分析】
句意：她的许多朋友都想成为一名医生、科学家或飞行员，但她有自己的梦想。根据“but Jiang had her”可知上文提到她的朋友想成为医生、科学家或飞行员，but后语境转折，指的是她有自己的梦想，备选词own“自己的”符合语境。故填own。
【9题分析】
句意：她工作努力，总是努力提高自己。根据“was always”可知该句是过去进行时，指的是努力提高自己，备选词try“努力”，结合时态，用现在分词形式。故填trying。
【10题分析】
句意：最终，她于2023年成为一名警察，并于2023 年加入中国共产党。根据“in 2023”可知该句是一般过去时，结合备选词，become“成为”符合语境，结合时态，应用动词过去式，故填became。
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
When you go to the dentist, you get either good or bad news. One day, I got ____1____ worst news of all from my dentist. I needed braces (牙套)! My teeth aren’t straight. I have to smile with my mouth closed.
My dentist is great. She always smiles and her smile is natural and pretty.
That day, I sat in the dentist’s chair feeling bad about the news. I wasn’t ready ____2____ wear braces. Then, my dentist showed me a picture of a little girl about my age. Her teeth were worse than ____3____.
“How ____4____ you like her teeth ” she asked me.
“Is she one of your patients(病人) ” I asked.
Then, she smiled with her pretty smile and said, “That’s a picture of me.”
I looked ____5____ the picture and then her pretty teeth. “When can we start ”
I asked with a big smile.
【答案】1. my##the
2. to 3. mine
4. do 5. at
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者看牙医的经历。
【1题分析】
句意：有一天，我从牙医那里得到了最坏的消息。根据“worst”可知，最高级前需要有the，或者此处可以指我最坏的消息，my“我的”也符合句意。故填my/the。
【2题分析】
句意：我还没准备好戴牙套。be ready to do sth“准备做某事”，故填to。
【3题分析】
句意：她的牙齿比我的还糟糕。根据“Then, my dentist showed me a picture of a little girl about my age.”可知，与我的牙齿比较，用名词性物主代词mine代指my teeth。故填mine。
【4题分析】
句意：你觉得她的牙齿怎么样？how do you like sth“你认为……怎么样”，主语you，助动词用do。故填do。
【5题分析】
句意：我看了看照片，又看了看她漂亮的牙齿。look at“看着”，故填at。
三、补全对话（小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
Doctor: __________1__________, young man
Paul: I don’t feel well.
Doctor:___________2___________. Please take off your shirt and lie down on the bed.
Paul: Yes, doctor.
Doctor: Well, there’s nothing much wrong with you. ___________3___________
Paul: No, doctor. I never have any time for exercise.
Doctor: How do you sleep
Paul: Very badly, doctor. ___________4___________
Doctor: Yes, I can, but I’m not going to. You don’t need medicine. Just take more exercise.
Paul: You’re right, doctor. It’s important for me to keep healthy. ___________5___________.
Doctor: You’re welcome. I hope you will be better soon.
【答案】1. What’s wrong with you
2. I’m sorry to hear that
3. Do you take much exercise
4. Can you give me some medicine to help me sleep
5. Thank you for your advice
【导语】本文主要围绕Paul与医生的对话而展开的。
【1题分析】
根据下文“I don’t feel well.”可知，我感觉不太好，故空处是询问你怎么了。故填What’s wrong with you。
【2题分析】
根据上句“I don’t feel well.”可知，医生听到Paul说不太好时，会说一些关切的话“很抱歉听到这个。”故填I’m sorry to hear that。
【3题分析】
根据下句“No, doctor.”可知，用了否定回答，故上句是一般疑问句，再由“I never have any time for exercise.”可知，空处是问你是否锻炼身体。故填Do you take much exercise。
【4题分析】
根据下句“Yes, I can, but I’m not going to. You don’t need medicine. Just take more exercise.”可知，空处是由情态动词开头的一般疑问句，且是问你能否给我开些药，帮助我睡眠。故填Can you give me some medicine to help me sleep。
【5题分析】
根据下句“You’re welcome.”可知，医生对Paul说了“不客气”，故上句是感谢医生给的建议。故填Thank you for your advice。
四、阅读理解
Before 300, many people spent one day a week at church (教堂). In England, people called it a “holy day (圣日)”. On that day, ___1___.
In the early 300s, Sunday was the “holy day”. However, many workers played games and had fun on that day. ___2___. In the USA, workers called them “blue Mondays”.
To solve the problem of “blue Mondays”, ___3___ in 374. At one o’clock everyone stopped working. ___4___. By (到……为止) 430, most Americans didn’t work on Saturday afternoons. By 440, offices and factories in the USA were closed all day on Saturdays,___5___.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A. And then they felt too tired to work on Monday mornings.
B. This was the beginning of the idea of the weekend in England.
C. they rested and prayed (祈祷).
d. the English made Saturday afternoon a holiday.
E. and the two-day weekend began.
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. d 4. B 5. E
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了双休日的演变过程。
【1题分析】
根据“Before 300, many people spent one day a week at church (教堂). In England, people called it a ‘holy day (圣日).’”可推测出，此处应该是表达在人们在圣日这天会做的事情。C选项“他们休息并祈祷。”符合语境。故选C。
【2题分析】
根据前文“However, many workers played games and had fun on that day.”和后文“In the USA, workers called them ‘blue Mondays’.”可知，此处与星期一有关。A选项“然后他们觉得太累了，周一早上不能工作。”符合语境。故选A。
【3题分析】
根据“To solve the problem of ‘blue Mondays’”可知，此处应该表达的是解决忧郁星期一的问题采取的措施。d选项“英国人把星期六下午定为假日。”符合语境。故选d。
【4题分析】
根据“This was the beginning of the idea of the weekend in Englandin 374. At one o’clock everyone stopped working.”可推测出，此处与英国人有关。B选项“这就是在英国周末的想法的开始。”符合语境。故选B。
【5题分析】
根据“By (到……为止) 430, most Americans didn’t work on Saturday afternoons. By 440, offices and factories in the USA were closed all day on Saturdays…”可推测出，此处应该是表达双休日由此开始。E选项“两天的周末开始了。”符合语境。故选E。河南省八年级英语寒假自我提升-基础题专练
同学们，寒假马上要开始了，我们即将迎来农历中国年，预祝同学们新年快乐！在新的一年里，同学们会进行下一个学期的学习。我们来年九月即将升入九年级，所以这个寒假是一个转折点，她既能伴着有心的同学提高成绩，也可能让无准备的同学感受到压力。所以请同学们与我一起，提前准备好新学期的课程。
本套专练，融合了上学期的重要知识点，又增加了下学期的部分新知识，分为基础题和能力题两种题型。现在看到的，是基础题型，请大家自由选择使用。
预祝同学在新的学期学习进步！
一、完形填空。(15 小题，每小题 1 分，共 15 分)
先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
A father and his daughter were walking back home on a hot summer day. On the way the daughter saw a woman ____1____ apples. She wanted her father to buy one for her. The father didn’t take much money ____2____ him, but it was enough to pay for two apples. So he went to the woman, bought two big red apples and gave ____1____ to his daughter.
Then the father smiled and asked her to share the two apples with him. After ____4____ this, the daughter took a bite from one apple. The father felt surprised. ____5____, before he could speak, the daughter put the other apple into her mouth. She took a bite from it ____6____.
The father was a little ____7____ about what his daughter did. ____8____ did she act in such a greedy way He guessed maybe she was too young to understand ____9____ and giving. There was no smile on his face. Just then the daughter said, “Dad, have this one. This one is much ____10____.”
He felt ____11____ for making the judgment so quickly about a child. His ____12____ came back again. Now he ____13____ why his daughter took a bite from each apple.
It ____14____ takes some time for us to understand things better. ____15____ don’t judge anything too quickly.
1.A. eating B. drawing C. carrying D. selling
2.A. with B. for C. to D. from
3A. them B. him C. her D. it
4.A. changing B. seeing C. hearing D. missing
5.A. Also B. However C. Certainly D. First
6.A. quickly B. carelessly C. unfriendly D. widely
7.A. excited B. careful C. unhappy D. comfortable
8.A. When B. Why C. What D. Where
9.A. thinking B. serving C. working D. sharing
10.A. bigger B. sweeter C. smaller D. lighter
11.A. bored B. sorry C. afraid D. worried
12.A. smile B. money C. chance D. voice
13.A. hoped B. believed C. knew D. advised
14.A. never B. once C. finally D. usually
15.A. And B. So C. But D. Or
二、语篇填空（15小题，每小题1分，共15分）
阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
sure successful try science own become for break article after
There was a great flood (洪水) in Jiang Shan’s hometown on August 1st, 1998. “The flood ____1____ our houses and took away my families. My grandma helped me hold a tree to make ____2____ I was safe. But later, she was taken away by the flood,” Jiang said.
Then the next day, a boat came, and a young man saved her. The man was Wang Minghua, a firefighter at that time. “____3____ we saved more than 10 people, I suddenly found a little girl in a tree. It was difficult ____4____ us to get close to her. But we saved her ____5____ at last,” he said. There were many ____6____ about the two at that time.
Many of Jiang’s friends wanted to be a doctor, a ____7____ or a pilot, but Jiang had her ____8____ dream. She decided to become a person like Wang and do something meaningful. She worked hard and was always ____9____ to improve herself. Finally she ______10______ a police officer in 2023 and joined the Communist Party of China (中国共产党) in 2023 .
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
When you go to the dentist, you get either good or bad news. One day, I got ____1____ worst news of all from my dentist. I needed braces (牙套)! My teeth aren’t straight. I have to smile with my mouth closed.
My dentist is great. She always smiles and her smile is natural and pretty.
That day, I sat in the dentist’s chair feeling bad about the news. I wasn’t ready ____2____ wear braces. Then, my dentist showed me a picture of a little girl about my age. Her teeth were worse than ____3____.
“How ____4____ you like her teeth ” she asked me.
“Is she one of your patients(病人) ” I asked.
Then, she smiled with her pretty smile and said, “That’s a picture of me.”
I looked ____5____ the picture and then her pretty teeth. “When can we start ”
I asked with a big smile.
三、补全对话（小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。
Doctor: __________1__________, young man
Paul: I don’t feel well.
Doctor:___________2___________. Please take off your shirt and lie down on the bed.
Paul: Yes, doctor.
Doctor: Well, there’s nothing much wrong with you. ___________3___________
Paul: No, doctor. I never have any time for exercise.
Doctor: How do you sleep
Paul: Very badly, doctor. ___________4___________
Doctor: Yes, I can, but I’m not going to. You don’t need medicine. Just take more exercise.
Paul: You’re right, doctor. It’s important for me to keep healthy. ___________5___________.
Doctor: You’re welcome. I hope you will be better soon.
四、阅读理解
Before 300, many people spent one day a week at church (教堂). In England, people called it a “holy day (圣日)”. On that day, ___1___.
In the early 300s, Sunday was the “holy day”. However, many workers played games and had fun on that day. ___2___. In the USA, workers called them “blue Mondays”.
To solve the problem of “blue Mondays”, ___3___ in 374. At one o’clock everyone stopped working. ___4___. By (到……为止) 430, most Americans didn’t work on Saturday afternoons. By 440, offices and factories in the USA were closed all day on Saturdays,___5___.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。
A. And then they felt too tired to work on Monday mornings.
B. This was the beginning of the idea of the weekend in England.
C. they rested and prayed (祈祷).
d. the English made Saturday afternoon a holiday.
E. and the two-day weekend began.
