2024外研版高中英语选择性必修第二册同步
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.The store is having a sale on towels and other household (商品).
2.His career (占用) all of his time, and the scientist had few time for social activities.
3.A butterfly flew by and caught Mary’s attention, which (使分心) her from her work.
4.This site gives you instant a to a wide range of information on studying and living in the UK.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Mom asked me to switch the TV set when I went to bed.
2.Please judge someone (objective) and you shouldn’t come to a conclusion only by his or her appearance.
3.He was determined to donate his millions of dollars to buy the (equip) for the research.
4.He was promoted a high situation for his contribution to the project.
5. happy or sad, she always tries to keep smiling.
6.He was listening attentively in class, with his eyes (fix) on the blackboard.
7.It is entirely appropriate that his music (play) at this festival.
8.By the end of last year, a large sum of money (invest) in the project.
Ⅲ.选词填空
max out; put aside; in control of; in contrast to
It is a tradition that most Chinese parents 1. as much money as they can for their children. However, 2. their parents, some young people, though they may not even have a steady job, are always 3. their credit cards.
As far as I’m concerned, saving is a virtue. The young should be 4. themselves and form a good habit of saving.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.我真诚地希望您能考虑我的建议。(consideration)
I sincerely hope that you will .
2.无论你将成功还是失败,我会一直支持你。(whether)
, I will always on your side.
3.正是约翰聪明的主意和他实施的方式对伯纳德的生活产生了很大的影响。(强调句,difference)
John’s bright idea and the way he carried out in Bernard’s life.(2020全国新高考Ⅰ,读后续写)
4.He is equipped with much experience in teaching, so he is respected by all his students. (句型转换:过去分词短语作状语)
→ , he is respected by all his students.
能力提升练
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
Valuable Values
The spending power of young people 1 (vary) from person to person. Each, however, 2 (face) with the same question: what to do with their money Some teens may spend their money on online activities 3 others can make good use of money. For instance, with her grandmother’s help, eight-year-old Thompson started making “Kare Bags” containing 4 (necessity) for the homeless, which made their lives 5 (easy). Thanks to Jerry, he put forward a method to teach teenagers 6 to spend money wisely. When Jerry’s grandchildren turned 13, his present to each of them was three jars for Spending, Saving, and Giving—he has since added a fourth jar for Investing. It was from then on 7 his grandchildren started to be in control of the money they received. Jerry’s birthday present to his grandchildren is more than a few jars—he is giving them the opportunity 8 (learn) lifelong values. The wider aim of the jars is to encourage teenagers to think 9 (objective) about money and what it can do. In a word, this method will make a 10 (different) to teenagers’ future.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2022天津一中期中)
A short while ago, I lost access to my WeChat account. I was not sure why it wouldn’t let me log in; perhaps it was my ancient, out-of-date phone. But I wasn’t too upset because it offered me an opportunity to take a break from social media—something more and more people are doing.
In the United States, Twitter is losing millions of users each month and Facebook has seen a 44 percent decline among its younger users. Some of these users may have deserted Twitter and Facebook for other social media platforms, while many others have switched off because they felt that social media was having a negative effect on their happiness and overall quality of life.
Stars have taken a break from social media because they were tired of so many Internet trolls(发挑衅帖子的人) leaving negative comments. Ordinary people (like me) are turning away from it because of the feeling that they were spending more time online and enjoying themselves less.
It is not unusual for people to spend two or three hours a day posting or reading posts, to the point where it becomes an addiction. And it is an addiction. There is a chemical in your brain known as dopamine(多巴胺) which is sometimes called the “reward molecule” and its release gives you a feeling of pleasure. For instance, when you post a photo on WeChat and get a hundred likes, you feel happy. That’s dopamine at work.
In my case, being off WeChat left me with a feeling of anxiety for a few days. No doubt I missed my dopamine. And I got e-mails from friends wondering if I was fine or if I was just being anti-social(不喜欢社交的). But I soon began to feel quite peaceful and started to worry less about what other people were doing and concentrate more on my personal life. And it is an added bonus that I’m getting better sleep at night.
I’m not motivating all of you to quit social media, but spending less time on these platforms does bring you advantages. You could start by leaving your phone at home when you go to school (for some, that’s already a school rule). And it is also a good idea to charge your phone outside of your bedroom at night, as you are unlikely to get a good night’s sleep when the notification(通知) bell keeps ringing.
Someday I may reconnect with my WeChat account, but I’m not in a hurry. Life can be more relaxing and just as interesting without it.
1.Why does the author mention his disconnection with WeChat at the beginning of the passage
A.To introduce the disadvantages of social media.
B.To explain why he lost access to his WeChat account.
C.To illustrate the function of dopamine.
D.To prove how WeChat makes life easier.
2.What is the current situation of social media in the United States according to the passage
A.Twitter and Facebook dominate(成为……中最重要的事物) all the social media.
B.Famous people have deserted Twitter and Facebook for other social media.
C.An increasing number of people are losing interest in social media.
D.Social media add to people’s happiness and life convenience.
3.What does the fourth paragraph talk about
A.How dopamine works when you are posting or reading posts.
B.The reason behind people’s addiction to social media.
C.Why WeChat is so popular among people.
D.What you can do if you want to get many likes on WeChat.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards social media
A.To turn away from them immediately.
B.To choose a social media platform that suits you.
C.To connect with them is acceptable if you aren’t addicted to them.
D.To quit them will make your life more relaxing and interesting.
Ⅲ.七选五
(2022江苏南京期中)
Attention management is a valuable skill in the age of distraction. In fact, today, more than ever, our attention is very fragile(脆弱的). 1 Finding focus in a distracting world is really hard.
Attention is how you are spending your time and life. The simple act of paying attention to the right things at the right time can change the course of your life.
2 It’s how you make time for meaningful things in life. It’s also how you get distracted and waste your time. To get the most out of life, we must learn to spend our attention effectively.
Spending attention is a choice. It’s a choice that’s getting you closer to what you want in life. Where you spend your attention is where you spend your life.
Like any other skills, develop your attention skill. 3 Start creating the conditions for uninterrupted work by noticing everything that distracts you. You can also start tracking your attention to get a better insight into how you are currently using your time. 4 Take space from the things that usually fill your time, and begin your awareness. Make a list of the things that occupy your time every day, and explore each one on a deeper level.
Attention, like time, is limited. 5 Am I spending my time on things that add value to my life Are my actions moving me toward or away from what matters most in my life Managing your attention is managing your life.
A.We lose focus easily.
B.So keep asking yourself every day.
C.Attention is how you get things done.
D.Our attention is a precious resource.
E.We should make the most of the limited time.
F.Train your attention by practising demanding tasks constantly.
G.Then take a step back, and assess how you spend your attention.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Ⅳ.读后续写
(2022广东名校联盟期末)
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I could feel the excitement rising in me as I held the beautifully wrapped present in my hands. I was unable to contain my curiosity any longer. I opened it. It was a brand new laptop. I had scored straight A’s for my O-level examination and this was my reward. I had always envied my friends who were exchanging news about chat rooms, instant messaging and e-mailing, all of which I didn’t have access to and knew nothing about. Now I was going to find out.
It started out simply enough. I was searching for some information online when I came across a social networking site. Soon I became addicted to chatting with my newfound friends on the Internet. I began to spend more and more time on YouTube and became enslaved by Facebook and Twitter. After school, I always eagerly switched on my laptop. I had never imagined that the day would come when I would be stuck by the glowing screen before me. Whenever I didn’t surf these social networking sites, I would be going through conversation about boring things or fashion websites.
As time passed, I realized that I was addicted to the Internet. During weekends, when I had more time on my hands, I could easily spend a few hours on my laptop. It came to a point where I chose to lock myself in my room, refusing to come out and take part in family discussions. I preferred to stay connected to the people I befriended on the Internet though I had never met them. Soon I was spending the early hours of the morning surfing the Internet. Sleep was replaced by naps(打盹) and my grades at school also dropped quickly.
It was about this time that my parents started voicing their disapproval. They said that it was not appropriate for me to spend too much time on the Internet. I was asked to decrease my usage of the laptop. Yet, however hard I tried, I was unable to pull myself away, unable to end my chat sessions, and unable to concentrate on my lessons. I was desperate for just another click, just another look at my e-mail or message board.
注意:续写词数应为150左右。
Paragraph 1:
Then one day,my father took away my laptop.
Paragraph 2:
I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf.
Part 3 Developing ideas & Presenting ideas
基础过关练
Ⅰ.1.items 2.occupied 3.distracted 4.access
Ⅱ.1.off 考查介词。句意:妈妈让我去睡觉时关掉电视机。switch off关掉。
2.objectively 考查副词。设空处作状语修饰动词judge,应用副词形式。
3.equipment 考查名词。结合语境并根据the与提示词equip可知,设空处应用名词作buy的宾语,表示“设备”,故用名词equipment。equipment是不可数名词。
4.to 考查介词。句意:因为对这个项目的贡献,他被提升到高级岗位。be promoted to...意为“被提升为……”。
5.Whether 考查连词。句意:无论开心还是难过,她总是努力保持微笑。whether...or...无论……还是……。
6.fixed 考查with复合结构。逗号前是一个简单句,逗号前后没有连词,句中已有谓语,所以此处应用非谓语动词。由“with his eyes”和提示词fix可推测此处使用的是with复合结构,his eyes与fix是逻辑上的被动关系,应用过去分词作宾补,故填fixed。
易错归因 本题很容易把eyes与fix看成主动关系而填fixing。固定短语fix one’s eyes on意为“注视,盯着”,由此可知eyes与fix之间是被动关系。
7.be played 考查固定句式。It is appropriate that...句型中,that引导的主语从句谓语动词用should do/be done,should可以省略。
类比启发 可用于“It is+形容词+that...”这一句型的形容词还有:important、necessary、proper、essential、vital等。
8.had been invested 考查时态和语态。根据By the end of last year可知,本句应用过去完成时,且money与invest是被动关系,故填had been invested。
Ⅲ.1.put aside 2.in contrast to 3.maxing out 4.in control of
Ⅳ.1.take my suggestions into consideration
2.Whether you will succeed or fail
3.It was;that made a great difference
4.Equipped with much experience in teaching
能力提升练
Ⅰ.1.varies 考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,设空处作句子的谓语,此处描述客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语为第三人称单数,故填varies。
2.is faced 考查固定结构。句意:然而,每个人都面临着同样的问题:用他们的钱做什么 be faced with意为“面临”。
3.while 考查连词。设空处无提示词,空前后为两个句子,故此处应用连词连接。句意:一些青少年可能把他们的钱花在网络活动上,而其他青少年可以充分利用(自己的)钱。由句意可知,前后为两种行为的对比,故填while,意为“然而,而”。
4.necessities 考查名词的数。设空处应用名词作containing的宾语,此处表示“装有必需品的‘Kare Bags’ ”,空处表示“必需品”,necessity作“必需品”讲时是可数名词,空前无限定词,应用其复数形式,故填necessities。
5.easier 考查形容词比较级。句意:……八岁的汤普森开始为无家可归的人制作装有必需品的“Kare Bags”,这让他们的生活更容易。结合句意可知,设空处暗含着与过去的比较,应用比较级,故填easier。
6.how 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构。该句中“ 6 to spend money wisely”作teach的直接宾语,故推测此处是“疑问词+不定式”结构。结合句意“多亏了杰里,他提出了一个教青少年如何明智地花钱的方法”可知,设空处表示“如何”,应用疑问词how。
7.that 考查强调句。该句中将It was和设空处去掉,句意仍然完整,不缺成分,故此句为强调句,强调的是时间状语,设空处应填that。
8.to learn 考查动词不定式。the opportunity to do sth.意为“做某事的机会”,故填to learn。
9.objectively 考查副词。设空处前面为动词think,此处应用副词作状语修饰动词,故填objectively。
10.difference 考查名词。由空前的冠词a可知,此处应用名词。make a difference意为“起作用;有影响”。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 这是一篇议论文。作者告诉人们“暂时远离社交媒体是明智的选择”,并就其原因进行了分析。
1.A 推理判断题。作者在第一段说到他登录不上微信账号,但是他并没有太烦恼,因为这给了他暂时离开社交媒体的机会。接着在下文中作者以美国一些人退出社交媒体、明星因为厌倦网络喷子的负面评论而远离社交媒体、普通人远离社交媒体的例子讲述了社交媒体带来的不好的影响。因此,作者在开头提到了自己与微信脱节,是为了介绍社交媒体的缺点。
2.C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In the United States, Twitter is losing millions of users each month and Facebook has seen a 44 percent decline among its younger users.”可知,美国社交媒体的现状是越来越多的人对社交媒体失去兴趣。
3.B 主旨大意题。第四段前两句讲到人们每天花两到三个小时来发帖子或阅读帖子是很平常的事,甚至到了上瘾的地步,这是一种瘾,紧接着介绍这种瘾的形成是因为大脑中的多巴胺在运作。由此可见,第四段主要是对人们沉迷于社交媒体背后的原因进行了分析。
4.C 推理判断题。根据倒数第一、二段可知作者对社交媒体的态度是“如果你没有上瘾的话,重新使用社交媒体是可以接受的”。故选C。
易错归因 本题易误选D。根据倒数第二段第一句可知作者并不是激励大家都放弃社交媒体,但是少花点时间在这些平台上确实会给你带来好处。故D项中的“To quit them”不符合文意。
【高频词汇】 1.upset adj.烦恼的,心烦意乱的
2.decline n.减少,下降 3.be tired of厌烦 4.comment n.评论 5.addiction n.瘾;入迷 6.charge vt.给……充电
【熟词生义】 desert vt.放弃,废弃
长难句 原句 Some of these users may have deserted Twitter and Facebook for other social media platforms, while many others have switched off because they felt that social media was having a negative effect on their happiness and overall quality of life.
分析 本句是并列复合句。while为并列连词,连接两个并列分句,意为“而”,表示前后对比。在第二个分句中,because引导原因状语从句,原因状语从句中that引导宾语从句。
译文 其中一些用户可能已经放弃了Twitter和Facebook,转而使用其他社交媒体平台,而许多其他用户失去兴趣则是因为他们觉得社交媒体对他们的幸福感和整体生活质量产生了负面影响。
Ⅲ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕无法保持注意力集中这个问题展开,分析了该现象的原因,介绍了提高注意力的好处和提高注意力的方法。
1.A 细节句。空前句讲到今天我们的注意力比以往任何时候都更加脆弱。此处承接上文,对细节进行补充,A项“我们很容易失去注意力”符合语境。
2.C 主旨句。设空处为第三段首句,所以应该概括总领这一段。空后句告诉我们,它是你如何为生活中有意义的事情腾出时间,它也是你如何分心和浪费时间,为了充分利用人生,我们必须学会有效地利用注意力,所以这段主要写注意力的用处,C项“注意力是你完成事情的方式”表明了注意力的用处。
3.F 过渡句。设空处与前后文构成的语境为:培养你的注意力技能→ 3 →提高注意力的具体方法。设空处承上启下,F项 “经常练习要求很高的任务来训练你的注意力”符合语境。
4.G 细节句。第五段主要介绍培养注意力技能的方法,空前句提到开始跟踪你的注意力,以便更好地了解你目前是如何利用时间的,此处承接上文,G项“然后后退一步,评估一下你是如何耗尽你的注意力的”符合语境。
5.B 细节句。设空处后面的两个问句是以第一人称来提问的, 根据B项中的关键词asking yourself可知,B项符合语境。
【高频词汇】 1.valuable adj.很有用的,宝贵的
2.effectively adv.有效地 3.track v.跟踪 4.limited adj.有限的 5.matter v.要紧
Ⅳ.
写作指导
情节线 情感线
故事要素 时间 考试后 兴奋、好奇、满足(收到礼物后) 上瘾、不能自拔(迷恋上社交网站后) 总是自己一个人待在屋里,拒绝社交, 更愿意与网上的人联系 父母反对 自己无法控制网瘾 伤心 生气 还是…… (爸爸拿走笔记本电脑后) 情感又发生了什么变化 (向父母做出承诺后)
人物 “我”和“我”父母
地点 在家
情节 背景 “我”考试表现得好,得到父母送的礼物——笔记本电脑。
开端 “我”搜索信息时偶然发现社交网站,很快“我”就迷上了和新结识的朋友在网上聊天。
发展 随着时间的推移,“我”意识到“我”对网络上瘾了,开始睡眠不足,成绩下降。
高潮 父母发现了问题,反对“我”上网,但“我”已无法自拔。
续写方向 Para. 1:Then one day, my father took away my laptop. ①“我”当时有什么反应 ②爸爸对“我”的反应采取了什么措施 根据第二段段首句可推断作者的想法发生了改变。 ③“我”有什么心理变化
Para. 2:I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf. ①“我”具体怎么做的 ②结果如何
One possible version:
Paragraph 1:
Then one day, my father took away my laptop. I begged and even quarreled with him angrily. I fought for a long time, but whatever I did, it was no use. Dad had made up his mind that he wouldn’t allow me to use it. Over time, I realized that Dad and Mum had always wanted the best for me. It was then that I decided to take the big step—to conquer my Internet addiction. Quitting surfing was harder than I expected. But with great determination, I knew that I would be able to do it.
Paragraph 2:
I promised my parents that I would turn over a new leaf. So I made a detailed plan for my everyday life. I managed to change my daily routine. After I got up, the first thing I did was running for half an hour, which could help me forget about going online. After school, I would play basketball with my classmates, which made me healthier and stronger. All this helped me conquer my addiction. To my delight, now my life has returned to normal and my grades have gone up again.
精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
()
