2024外研版高中英语必修第三册同步
五年高考练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
(2019江苏,B)
In the 1960s, while studying the volcanic history of Yellowstone National Park, Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had not troubled anyone before:he couldn't find the park's volcano. It had been known for a long time that Yellowstone was volcanic in nature—that's what accounted for all its hot springs and other steamy features. But Christiansen couldn't find the Yellowstone volcano anywhere.
Most of us, when we talk about volcanoes, think of the classic cone(圆锥体)shapes of a Fuji or Kilimanjaro, which are created when erupting magma(岩浆)piles up. These can form remarkably quickly. In 1943, a Mexican farmer was surprised to see smoke rising from a small part of his land. In one week he was the confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. Within two years it had topped out at almost fourteen hundred feet and was more than half a mile across. Altogether there are some ten thousand of these volcanoes on Earth, all but a few hundred of them extinct. There is, however, a second less known type of volcano that doesn't involve mountain building. These are volcanoes so explosive that they burst open in a single big crack, leaving behind a vast hole, the caldera. Yellowstone obviously was of this second type, but Christiansen couldn't find the caldera anywhere.
Just at this time NASA decided to test some new high-altitude cameras by taking photographs of Yellowstone. A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers. As soon as Christiansen saw the photos, he realized why he had failed to spot the caldera:almost the whole park—2.2 million acres—was caldera. The explosion had left a hole more than forty miles across—much too huge to be seen from anywhere at ground level. At some time in the past Yellowstone must have blown up with a violence far beyond the scale of anything known to humans.
词汇积累
1.oddly adv.古怪地;奇妙地
2.volcanic adj.火山的
3.account for解释,说明原因
4.spring n.泉水(熟词生义)
5.steamy adj.充满蒸汽的
6.pile up积累,堆叠
7.remarkably adv.显著地,惊人地
8.explosion n.爆炸,爆破
1.What puzzled Christiansen when he was studying Yellowstone
A.Its complicated geographical features.
B.Its ever-lasting influence on tourism.
C.The mysterious history of the park.
D.The exact location of the volcano.
2.What does the second paragraph mainly talk about
A.The shapes of volcanoes. B.The impacts of volcanoes.
C.The activities of volcanoes. D.The heights of volcanoes.
3.What does the underlined word “blow-up” in the last paragraph most probably mean
A.Hot-air balloon. B.Digital camera.
C.Big photograph. D.Bird's view.
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2020全国新高考Ⅰ)
Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 1 . He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age.
When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 6 that it was because there weren't enough trees to protect them from the 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees.
11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling (幼树) a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip (滴落) on the plants below.
Molai 15 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals.
1.A.dream B.job
C.home D.choice
2.A.nature B.youth
C.culture D.knowledge
3.A.precious B.interesting
C.disturbing D.awkward
4.A.waste B.tension
C.pain D.damage
5.A.Besides B.However
C.Therefore D.Otherwise
6.A.agreed B.realized
C.remembered D.predicted
7.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust
8.A.directions B.partners
C.help D.shelter
9.A.labor B.police
C.forest D.finance
10.A.rebuilt B.discovered
C.left D.managed
11.A.Decorating B.Observing
C.Watering D.Guarding
12.A.tough B.illegal
C.fantastic D.beneficial
13.A.back B.top C.foot D.side
14.A.cool down B.keep off
C.purify D.collect
15.A.returned B.learned
C.failed D.continued
词汇积累
1.decline v.下降
2.platform n.台,站台,平台
答案与分层梯度式解析
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
五年高考练
Ⅰ.◎语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章提到,Christiansen研究黄石国家公园的时候在公园内找不到破火山口,后来发现几乎整个公园都是破火山口。
1.D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“...Bob Christiansen became puzzled about something that, oddly, had not troubled anyone before: he couldn't find the park's volcano”可知,当Christiansen研究黄石国家公园的时候,让他迷惑的是他找不到火山的确切位置,故选D项。
2.A 主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句中的“the classic cone shapes”和最后三句可知,第二段介绍了火山的两种形状,故选A项。
3.C 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段中美国航空航天局用高空照相机拍摄黄石国家公园及Christiansen看到照片后意识到自己为什么找不到破火山口可知,画线词“blow-up”指的是大照片,故选C项。
长难句
原句 A thoughtful official passed on some of the copies to the park authorities on the assumption that they might make a nice blow-up for one of the visitors' centers.
分析 本句是一个主从复合句,主句为“A thoughtful...assumption”;“that...centers”是同位语从句,解释assumption。
译文 一位考虑周全的官员把其中一些复制品交给了公园管理局,以为他们可能会给其中一个游客中心做一张漂亮的放大照片。
Ⅱ.◎语篇解读 本文为记叙文,主题语境是人与自然,主题语境内容为环境保护。一场水灾使一片有着鸟语花香的湿地变得荒芜,莫莱用了37年的时间植树造林,使这里重新成为动植物的家园。本文旨在培养学生的环保意识。
1.C 考查名词。莫莱在印度的一个小村庄长大,这个村庄坐落在一些湿地附近,那里成为他的第二个家园(home)。 A:梦,梦想;B:工作;D:选择。
2.A 考查名词。句意:他很小就认识到了那里大自然(nature)的价值和美丽。B:青年,青春;C:文化;D:知识。
3.C 考查形容词。句意:当他16岁的时候,莫莱开始注意到他家的周围发生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。由下文可知,洪水破坏了此地的自然环境,使动物无法在湿地上生存,所以令人不安。A:宝贵的;B:有趣的;D:令人尴尬的,笨拙的。
4.D 考查名词。句意:那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了该地区,造成的破坏(damage)使许多鸟类被迫离开。A:废物;B:紧张;C:痛苦。
5.A 考查副词。句意:此外(besides),蛇的数量也下降了。B:然而;C:所以;D:否则。
6.B 考查动词。句意:他意识到(realize)这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温的伤害。A:同意;C:记得,记住;D:预料。
7.B 考查名词。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护它们免受高温(heat)的伤害。由上文可知水灾破坏了湿地的植被,毁坏了湿地的自然环境,使动物在白天因为太热无处藏身。A:噪声;C:疾病;D:灰尘。
8.D 考查名词。句意:当然,解决办法是种树,以便这些动物可以在白天寻求庇护(shelter)。A:方向;B:伙伴,搭档;C:帮助。
9.C 考查名词。句意:他向森林(forest)部门寻求帮助,但被告知那里什么都不会生长。A:劳动;B:警察;D:金融。
10.B 考查动词。句意:然而,莫莱独自去看了看,发现(discover)了附近的一个岛屿,在那里他开始种树。 A:重建;C:离开,剩下;D:经营,管理。
11.C 考查非谓语动词。句意:在旱季浇灌(watering)幼小的植物对一个孤单的男孩来说是艰难的。A:装饰,点缀;B:观察,遵守;D:保卫,守护。
12.A 考查形容词。句意:在旱季浇灌幼小的植物对一个孤单的男孩来说是艰难的(tough)。B:违法的;C:极好的,怪诞的;D:有益的。
13.B 考查名词。句意:莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部(top)建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。A:背面,后面;C:底部;D:侧面。
14.D 考查动词及动词短语。句意:莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集(collect)雨水。A:变凉;B:不接近;C:使纯净,净化。
15.D 考查动词。莫莱在接下来的37年里继续(continue)植树,他的努力已经使得1,360英亩自然生长的土地成为许多植物和动物的家园。A:回来;B:学习;C:衰退,失败。
长难句
原句 Molai built at the top of each sapling a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater.
分析 这是一个主从复合句。where引导定语从句,修饰先行词platform,where在定语从句中作地点状语;介词短语“with small holes”作定语,修饰名词pots;不定式“to collect rainwater”作目的状语。
译文 莫莱在每棵幼树的顶部建造了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小孔的陶罐来收集雨水。
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