上蔡县衡实中学2022—2023学年第一学期11月份期中考
高二（年级）英语（学科）试题
注意事项：本试卷共150分，考试时间为120分钟．
阅读理解
A
While your competitors are still waiting for the water to warm up, you could be giving your dragon boat season a jumpstart with a paddling vacation in Orlando, Florida. Spring camp is suitable for all ages and levels, perfect for those looking for a break from the ordinary ( or cold) days while enjoying the sport of dragon boat with like-minded people.
The 2018 Florida Training Camp promises to be a week of fun and fitness on and off the water. Register as a team, small group or individual, with customizable(可定制的) add-ons for those looking to give an edge to their personal performance.
The week will close out on Saturday with a camp BBQ and a racing regatta! Opening festivities begin on the evening of Sunday April 15th with camp check-in. Training begins on Monday April 16th and ends on Saturday April 21st.
GWN FLORIDA TRAINING CAMP
Dates: Monday April 16th to Saturday April 21st, 2018
Price: $395, $370 before January 19th, 2018
Features include:
Daily schedule
Twice daily dragon boat training sessions
Daily video analysis
Individual help(twice weekly)
Additional daily group sessions
Camp-sponsored socials
CUSTOMIZE YOUR CAMP EXPERIENCE
The optifons outlined below are available during the week of camp and can be booked as an add-on. Add-ons can be included in your initial registration or purchased at a later time through the online registration system.
OPTION 1: High Performance Program
Cost: $75
If you want to learn how to move your boat faster, then the High Performance Program is for you! This option consists of three progressive one-hour sessions completely focused on racing techniques, strategies, and drills, with the goal of increasing your overall speed.
Option 2: Coaching Community Dragon Boat (Level1)
Cost: $175
This course is intended for anyone interested in entry-level coaching. Expect the material included in the course to cover safety, ethics(道德) in coaching, coach-athlete communication, basic dragon boat techniques, basic physiological requirements of dragon boat racing, race and practice planning, plus more.
1. According to the passage, ___________in the camp.
A. you will enjoy a BBQ at the opening B. you need to be over 18
C. you should have some dragon boat skills D. you can have fun on land
2. How much does the camp with Option 1 cost if you pay at the end of 2017
A. $370 B. $395
C. $ 445 D. $470
3. We can learn from the passage that ___________.
A. Option 1 includes a three-hour session
B. add-ons can be bought during registration
C. Option 2 is for those fond of advanced coaching
D. video analysis is covered in the coaching course
4. The purpose of the passage is to ______________.
A. recommend an upcoming training camp
B. introduce the options in a training camp
C. provide ideas about how to spend a vacation
D. offer advice on how to win in dragon boat races
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A
【解析】
【分析】本文属于说明文，主要介绍了dragon boat夏令营。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段The 2018 Florida Training Camp promises to be a week of fun and fitness on and off the water.可知，这项活动既可以在陆地上进行，也可以在水上进行，故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章GWN FLORIDA TRAINING CAMP处的Price: $395, $370 before January 19th, 2018以及OPTION 1: High Performance Program Cost: $75 可知，在2017年底报名，应付钱为370美元和75美元，故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Add-ons can be included in your initial registration or purchased at a later time through the online registration system.可知，Add-ons可以在报名的时候购买，故选B。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章可知，本文主要介绍了dragon boat夏令营，包括活动的内容和费用，可见是为了推荐这个即将到来的活动，故选A。
B
Math class usually requires a pencil and a calculator. At Loveland High School, students also need a hammer and a hard hat. Every year, about 150 students sign up for “Geometry in Construction.” Students, usually seniors, learn math concepts in the classroom, and then use that knowledge to build a small home.
“We basically started this because we knew what was currently going on was not working for all kids," said teacher Scott Burke, one of the founders of the program. "We really felt like we needed to create a model that was a little bit different, something that not only helped kids in standardized testing, but also gave them employable skills as well."
It was a decade ago when Burke started teaching the program. The students’ first project was a small, one-bedroom cabin for a private buyer. Over time, Loveland High School started a partnership with Habitat for Humanity and built several homes for low-income families. For the first time this year, students built tiny homes that will help house locals who don't have a proper place to live in.
Loveland High School also offers courses to older students who have completed the geometry program. Senior Haley Hansen is now helping supervise （监管）the current construction site and learning management skills. Hansen, who said she first chose to study on the program to hopefully learn math in an easier way, grew to love it more than she imagined. "A big reason I stuck with this program is really because of the community aspect. I actually get to be a part of the community and feel like, as a high schooler, I am making an impact. Being able to help a family in need is something life-changing for me," said Hansen.
Now, Burke's teaching other schools how to build similar math classes. He said the Loveland Geometry in Construction team has trained about 425 schools around the country in how to copy the program. Some are building houses; others are building smaller projects like cabins.
5. What is a goal of the Geometry in Construction program
A. To prepare students for their future work.
B. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
C. To build some new classrooms.
D. To test students in a new model.
6. Who did the students build homes for this year
A. The local homeless.
B. Private buyers.
C. Workers of Habitat for Humanity.
D. Families on very low incomes.
7. Why did Hansen come to love the program
A. It improved her math score rapidly.
B. It inspired her social responsibility.
C. It enabled her to understand other people.
D. It made her treasure her present life.
8. What is Burke busy doing at present
A. Teaching his students to build cabins.
B. Designing a new math program.
C. Training new teachers for his school.
D. Spreading the idea of their program.
【答案】5. A 6. A 7. B 8. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在洛夫兰德高中，教师斯科特·伯克提出的数学课的“建筑几何学”项目不仅能帮助学生学习课程，还能帮助提供就业技能，获得很多学生的喜爱。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“We really felt like we needed to create a model that was a little bit different, something that not only helped kids in standardized testing, but also gave them employable skills as well. （我们真觉得我们需要创建一个有点不同的模式，它不仅能帮助孩子们进行标准化测试，还能给他们提供就业技能）”由此可知“建筑几何学”的目标是为学生们将来的工作做好准备，故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“For the first time this year, students built tiny homes that will help house locals who don't have a proper place to live in. （今年，学生们第一次建造了微型房屋，帮助没有合适住所的当地人居住。）”可知，这些房屋是为无家可归的当地人建造的，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“"A big reason I stuck with this program is really because of the community aspect. I actually get to be a part of the community and feel like, as a high schooler, I am making an impact. Being able to help a family in need is something life-changing for me," said Hansen. （“我坚持这个项目的一个主要原因是社区方面。我能真正成为社区的一份子，作为一名高中生，我感到自己正在产生影响。对我来说，能够帮助一个需要帮助的家庭改变了我的生活。”汉森说。）”由此可推断汉森喜欢这一课程的主要原因就是能够帮助其他人，能激发他的社会责任，故选B。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Now, Burke's teaching other schools how to build similar math classes. He said the Loveland Geometry in Construction team has trained about 425 schools around the country in how to copy the program.（现在，Burke正在教授其他学校如何建立类似的数学课。他说，洛夫兰德“建筑几何学”团队已经对全国大约425所学校进行了如何复制该项目的培训。） ”可推断， Burke要把这他们课程的理念传播到其他学校，故选D。
C
Successfully making your morning to-do list could start with the first thing you put it in your mouth.
If you’re feeling like zombie (僵尸) in the morning, an unbalanced breakfast made primarily of simple sugars could be to blame, said Nancy Z. Farrell Allen, a registered nutritionist and spokesperson for the Academy of utrition and Dietetics.
“Carbohydrates — whether from fruits and vegetables or from sweets and cookies-break down to sugar in the body,” said McKel Kooienga, the creator of the Mindful Nutrition Method, via email. “Think of sugar as energy in the body.’
After we eat carbs, the pancreas (胰腺) produces the insulin (胰岛素) hormone to clear the sugar from the bloodstream, Kooienga explained. The type, timing and amount of carbs eaten determines how much sugar is introduced to the bloodstream at one time Simpler or processed carbs — such as muffins or maple syrup — introduce sugar to the blood at faster rate if not eaten with other nutrients like protein and fat, she said, resulting in short-term energy that causes.
Instead, think about delicious eggs, beans and cheese for protein, complex carbs and healthy fats. Or raspberries, oats and coconut for the same benefits.
“A balanced breakfast sets the pace and the tone for the day. It provides food that feeds both our brain and our body so that we can be mentally intact and productive out of the starting gate,” Allen said.
Having low blood sugar levels from regularly not eating breakfast can cause people to constantly reach for sugary and processed foods, which might “lead you down a path with food that can impact your mental health as well,” Kooienga said. That can lead to higher risk of turning to disordered eating behaviors, she added.
The concept of balance, Kooienga said, includes a combination of complex, fiber-rich sources of carbs, protein and healthy fats that would release sugar to the blood at a slower rate, supporting longer-lasting energy.
“There are so many wonderful options at breakfast time that provide the opportunity to explore cultural, delicious, healthy and mindful eating,” Farrell Allen said.
9. What can we learn about breakfast from the passage
A. An unbalanced breakfast is the reason for lack of energy in the morning.
B. An unbalanced breakfast will release sugar to the blood slowly.
C. A balanced breakfast may result in low blood sugar level.
D. A balanced breakfast can provide energy for people throughout the whole day.
10 Which of the following is advisable for an energetic morning according to the passage
A. Foods with huge amount of sugar.
B. Foods rich in protein like eggs and cheese.
C. Foods containing processed and complex carbs.
D. Foods containing complex carbs, protein and healthy fats.
11. Which of the following word may have the similar meaning to the underlined word “intact”
A. efreshed. B. Damaged. C. Disabled. D. Challenged.
【答案】9. A 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一顿营养均衡的早餐对身体的影响和重要性。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“If you’re feeling like zombie (僵尸) in the morning, an unbalanced breakfast made primarily of simple sugars could be to blame (如果你在早上感觉像僵尸，那可能是主要由单糖构成的不均衡早餐造成的)”可知，一个不均衡的早餐是早晨缺乏能量的原因。故选A项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Instead, think about delicious eggs, beans and cheese for protein, complex carbs and healthy fats. Or raspberries, oats and coconut for the same benefits. (相反，想想美味的鸡蛋、豆类和奶酪来获取蛋白质、复合碳水化合物和健康脂肪。或者树莓、燕麦和椰子也有同样的功效)”可知，含有复合碳水化合物、蛋白质和健康脂肪的食物是一个充满活力的早晨的明智选择。故选D项。
【11题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第六段中“It provides food that feeds both our brain and our body so that we can be mentally intact and productive out of the starting gate (它为我们的大脑和身体提供养分，使我们从一开始就能保持intact 和高效)”可知，一顿均衡的早餐应该是使人保持精神完整，因此猜测划线词意为“精神完整的”。故选A项。
D
12. Why are pencil and paper needed
A. To make marks on the places. B. To compare notes with researchers.
C. To keep track of the changes. D. To write down the survival tips.
13. How often are you advised to check the cups before the growth of mold
A. Several times a day. B. On a daily basis.
C. Every other day. D. At regular intervals a month.
14. Why is leftover food kept in a refrigerator
A. Molds can live in the dark. B. Molds prefer warm temperature.
C. Molds are less likely to grow. D. Molds don’t need sunlight.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章通过一个试验来说明哪里容易滋生霉菌。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据试验的第二个步骤“Look inside the cups with your magnifying glass every day for several days. Write down what you will see.(连续几天每天用放大镜观察杯子内部。写下你将看到的)”可知，纸和笔是用来记录每天的变化。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据试验的第二个步骤“Look inside the cups with your magnifying glass every day for several days.(连续几天每天用放大镜观察杯子内部)”可知，霉菌生长前建议每天观察杯子。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据右下角最后一段中“Molds grow better at warm room temperature than they do in the cold, which is why we keep leftover food in a refrigerator.(霉菌在温暖的室温下比在寒冷的环境下生长得更好，这就是为什么我们要把剩下的食物放在冰箱里)”可知，把剩下的食物放进冰箱是因为冰箱温度低，不容易滋生霉菌。故选C项。
二、七选五
Most of today’s Chinese Americans are the descendants(后代) of some of the early miners and railroad workers. From the start, the Chinese had lived apart in their own separate neighborhoods. _____15_____. In each of them the residents organized an unofficial government to make rules for the community and to settle disputes.
Chinese Americans keep many aspects of their ancient culture, even after having lived here for several generations. For example, _____16_____. Members of the family lend each other moral support and also practical help when necessary. From a very young age, the old values and attitudes, including respect for their elders and a feeling of responsibility to the family, are passed from the older generation to the young. _____17_____.
The high regard for education, which is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, and the willingness to work very hard to gain advancement, are other noteworthy characteristics of theirs. _____18_____.
Chinese Americans make up only a tiny part of American population; there are fewer than a million, living chiefly in California, New York, and Hawaii. As American attitudes toward minorities and ethnic differences have changed in recent years, _____19_____.
A. the Chinese Americans have gained wide acceptance
B. their family ties continue to be remarkably strong
C. This explains why so many descendants of uneducated laborers have succeeded in becoming doctors, lawyers, and other professionals
D. saving money and passing down their fortune to their young is always the custom
E. This helps to explain why there is so little juvenile delinquency(青少年犯罪) among them
F. Later those came to be known as “Chinatowns”
G. Nowadays, kids are living separately, far away from their parents.
【答案】15. F 16. B 17. E 18. C 19. A
【解析】
【分析】本文为记叙文。本文讲述了美籍华人在美国的发展历史以及华裔美国人的特色。
【15题详解】
根据上一句From the start, the Chinese had lived apart in their own separate neighborhoods.(中国人从一开始就生活在独立的社区里)可知，华人居住在一起。F项：Later those came to be known as “Chinatowns”(后来这些被称为“唐人街”)符合文意，故选F。
【16题详解】
根据空前的内容Chinese Americans keep many aspects of their ancient culture, even after having lived here for several generations.(美籍华人保留了他们古代文化的许多方面，即使在这里生活了几代人。)，再根据空后句子Members of the family lend each other moral support and also practical help when necessary.(家族成员相互给予精神鼓励和必要时的实际帮助)，这说明了美籍华人的家庭观念很强。B项：their family ties continue to be remarkably strong(他们的家庭关系仍然非常牢固)符合文意，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文内容From a very young age, the old values and attitudes, including respect for their elders and a feeling of responsibility to the family, are passed from the older generation to the young.(从很小的时候起，古老的价值观和态度，包括对长辈的尊重和对家庭的责任感，就从老一辈传给了年轻一代。)可知，美籍华人从很小的时候对旧道德充满了崇敬，包括尊敬长辈和对家庭的责任感。故E项：This helps to explain why there is so little juvenile delinquency(青少年犯罪) among them(这有助于解释为什么其中青少年犯罪率如此之低。)是上文的结果，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文The high regard for education, which is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, and the willingness to work very hard to gain advancement, are other noteworthy characteristics of theirs. (深植于中国文化里对教育的高度重视，以及为获得进步而努力工作的意愿，是他们具有的其他显著特征)可知，因此没有受过教育的劳动者的后代会加倍努力进取，从而成为成功人士。这都是因为是美籍华人对教育的高度重视。故C项：This explains why so many descendants of uneducated laborers have succeeded in becoming doctors, lawyers, and other professionals(这就解释了为什么这么多没有受过教育的劳动者的后代成功地成为医生、律师和其他专业人士。)是上文内容的结果，故选C。
【19题详解】
根据空前的As American attitudes toward minorities and ethnic differences have changed in recent years(近年来，随着美国对少数民族和种族差异的态度有所改变)，结合前文列举了华裔美国人的后代犯罪率低，努力进取，成为一些成功人士，故A项：the Chinese Americans have gained wide acceptance(美籍华人已得到了广泛的认可)是上文内容的结果，故选A。
三、完形填空
Since Peter Singer published Animal Liberation in 1975, animal rights activists thought animals should be granted the same rights as humans. Referring to scientific studies showing animals___20___“human characteristics”, they argue animals should be protected with the same rights. So why don’t animals have the same legal status (身份) as humans？
The line of reasoning in favor of granting animals equal rights to humans___21___the fact that scientists have found characteristics in animals we normally___22___with humans. A group of scientists showed monkeys demonstrate self-consciousness at the same level as humans. This has usually served as a justification for human rights, so why don’t we grant equal rights to monkeys？
The truth is,___23___convincing scientific evidence, the argument for granting at least some animals the same rights as humans can’t be justified philosophically. An adequate argument for animal rights would require further philosophical inquiry and not just descriptive___24___. We can feel pity for animals being treated badly and strive to protect them from such treatment. This,___25___, doesn’t mean animals should enjoy the same legal status as humans.
There is a strong reason for___26___that rights only apply to humans. While fundamental rights surely are valuable in their nature, they would be worthless without a system to___27___them. That is why we expect other people to respect our rights.
The system that defends our rights is the fact that other people are obliged by___28___in their behaviors towards us. In our daily life, we experience numerous situations in which bad guys could____29____from violating (侵犯) our rights. Nevertheless, we see, of course, with some exceptions, that individuals cooperate and respect other people’s rights. Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin, and one cannot____30____to have certain rights without having to observe the duties.
If it is my claim to live freely on my property without being bothered, my neighbor’s duty prevents him from violating my right to property and life. Suppose, however, he breaks in and damages my property. He will then be held responsible in a court of law, for he has____31____his duty to respect my rights. This is completely reasonable, but we will certainly face____32____if my property was violated by an elephant.
If we assume that animals are granted the same legal status as humans,____33____requires that we now drag he elephant into court. Remember, if an animal were to have such rights, it would logically also have social duties. Therefore, it is now____34____to the same legal procedures as humans. This raises practical questions: Who will defend the animal in court？And will the animal be able to comprehend what is going on？
20. A. acquiring B. desiring C. displaying D. respecting
21. A. explores B. challenge C. overlooks D. emphasizes
22. A. treat B. associate C. deal D. bear
23. A. considering B. despite C. instead of D. according to
24. A. conclusions B. performances C. experiments D. messages
25. A. in return B. for instance C. therefore D. however
26. A. denying B. maintaining C. recognizing D. suggesting
27. A. approve B. demand C. ensure D. reserve
28. A. contracts B. possession C. faith D. duties
29. A. profit B. keep C. learn D. result
30. A. afford B. claim C. pretend D. determine
31. A. assigned B. declared C. failed D. fulfilled
32. A. dangers B. questions C. charges D. obstacles
33. A. agreement B. justice C. criticism D. frustration
34. A. open B. addicted C. subject D. relevant
【答案】20 C 21. D 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章在讨论动物是否应该有和人类一样的权力和法律地位？文章指出，享有权力的同时要履行义务，如果动物享有和人类同样的权力，是否能履行同等的义务呢？能否为自己的行为负责呢？
【20题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们提到科学研究表明动物表现出“人类特征”，认为动物应该受到同样权利的保护。A. acquiring获得；B. desiring渴望；C. displaying表现（特性或情感等）；D. respecting尊敬。根据空格后“human characteristics”可知，应该是动物“表现出”人类特征，才应该受到同样权利的保护。故选C项。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：支持给予动物与人类平等权利的观点强调了这样一个事实：科学家已经在动物身上发现了我们通常认为人类才有的特征。A. explores探索；B. challenge挑战；C. overlooks忽略；D. emphasizes强调。根据空格后“the fact that…”可知，空格后面陈述的是一个客观事实，这是支持给予动物与人类平等权利的观点的事实依据，由此可知，这里应该是为了支持自己的观点，“强调”了这个事实。故选D项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：支持给予动物与人类平等权利的观点强调了这样一个事实：科学家已经在动物身上发现了我们通常认为人类才有的特征。A. treat对待，治疗；B. associate联系；C. deal应对，对付；D. bear忍受。根据空格前“characteristics”和空格后“with humans”可知，科学家在动物身上发现的特征，通常是与人类联系在一起的，也就是说，是人类常见的特征，associate with意为“与……联系在一起”，符合句意。故选B项。
23题详解】
考查介词/介词短语词义辨析。句意：事实是，尽管有令人信服的科学证据，但至少给予一些动物与人类同样的权利的论点在哲学上是不合理的。A. considering考虑；B. despite尽管；C. instead of代替；D. according to根据，按照。根据空格后“the argument for granting at least some animals the same rights as humans can’t be justified philosophically”可知，上文提到的论点在哲学上是不合理的，由此可知，空格处句子表示“尽管”有令人信服的科学证据，但在哲学上是不合理的。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：动物权利的充分论证需要进一步的哲学调查，而不仅仅是描述性的结论。A. conclusions结论；B. performances表演；C. experiments实验；D. messages信息。根据空格前“require further philosophical inquiry”和“not”可知，空格前后为转折关系，需要的是进一步的哲学调查，由此可知，不能仅仅是给出“结论”。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查短语/副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这并不意味着动物应该享有和人类一样的法律地位。A. in return作为回报；B. for instance例如；C. therefore因此；D. however然而。结合上下文，上文提到我们对动物受到的虐待感到同情并努力保护它们免受这种待遇，下文提到这并不意味着动物应该享有和人类一样的法律地位，上下文为转折关系，however意为“然而”，表示转折关系，符合语境。故选D项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一个强有力的理由来坚持这种权利只适用于人类。A. denying否认；B. maintaining维持，坚持；C. recognizing承认；D. suggesting建议。结合下文内容可知，下文阐述的是虽然基本权利在本质上确实是有价值的，但如果没有一个制度来确保这些权利，这些权利将毫无价值。由此可知，下文阐述的内容是用来支持权利只适用于人类这一观点的，所以下文提到的理由应该是用来“坚持”这种权利只适用于人类的。故选B项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然基本权利在本质上确实是有价值的，但如果没有一个制度来确保这些权利，这些权利将毫无价值。A. approve赞成；B. demand要求；C. ensure确保，保证；D. reserve预定。根据上文“they would be worthless”可知，应该是如果没有一个制度来“确保”这些权利，这些权利将毫无价值，没有制度保证的权力就相当于没有权利。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：保护我们权利的制度是这样一个事实：其他人对我们的行为负有义务。A. contracts合同；B. possession拥有，财产；C. faith信任；D. duties责任，义务。根据后文“Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin, and one cannot _____ to have certain rights without having to observe the duties.”可知，权利和义务是一枚硬币的两面，不履行义务就不能要求拥有某些权利。由此可知，空格处指的是其他人对我们的行为是负有“义务”的。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们经历了许多坏人可以从侵犯我们的权利中获利的情况。A. profit获利；B. keep保持；C. learn学习；D. result导致，产生。根据后文“from violating (侵犯) our rights”可知，坏人应该是从侵犯我们的权利中“获利”，profit from意为“得益于……”。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：权利和义务是一枚硬币的两面，不履行义务就不能要求拥有某些权利。A. afford买得起；B. claim索取；C. pretend假装；D. determine决定。根据句中“Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin”可知，权利和义务是一枚硬币的两面，由此可知，不履行义务就不能“要求”拥有某些权利，claim to意为“要求”，为固定搭配。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他将在法庭上被追究责任，因为他没有尽到尊重我权利的义务。A. assigned分配；B. declared宣布；C. failed失败，未能（做到）；D. fulfilled履行，执行。根据句中“He will then be held responsible in a court of law”可知，他是因为“没有”尽到尊重我权利的义务，才被追究责任，failed意为“未能（做到）”，符合句意。故选C项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是完全合理的，但如果我的财产被大象侵犯，我们肯定会面临障碍。A. dangers危险；B. questions问题；C. charges指控；D. obstacles障碍。根据句意可知，如果我的财产被大象侵犯，大象是无法承担责任的，由此可知，我们肯定会面临维权的“障碍”。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们假设动物被赋予与人类同样的法律地位，那么法律制度就要求我们现在就把大象拖上法庭。A. agreement协议；B. justice法律制度；C. criticism批评；D. frustration沮丧，挫败。根据空格前“If we assume that animals are granted the same legal status as humans”可知，如果动物和人类法律地位一样，大象就应该为它的行为负责，由此可知，是“法律制度”要求把大象拖上法庭审判。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，它现在受到与人类相同的法律程序的约束。A. open开放的；B. addicted上瘾的；C. subject服从于，受……支配；D. relevant相关的。根据上文可知如果一个动物享有权利，它也要履行责任和义务，由此可知，它现在受到与人类相同的法律程序的“约束”，be subject to意为“服从于，受……支配”，为固定短语，句中指受法律程序的支配。故选C项。
四、单项选择
35. The move has sparked a_________reaction from employees and triggered a chain of strikes in the past few weeks.
A. relevant B. bilingual C. tranquil D. furious
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：此举引发了员工的强烈反应，并在过去几周引发了一系列罢工。A. relevant相关的；B. bilingual双语的；C. tranquil宁静的；D. furious激烈的，强烈的。根据下文“triggered a chain of strikes in the past few weeks”可知是引起了员工的强烈反应，furious符合题意。故选D。
36. If we could turn the population of the Earth into a small village community of 100 people, keeping roughly the same _________we have today on our planet, it would be something like this.
A. prospects B. proposals C. proportions D. petitions
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们能把地球上的人口变成一个100人的小村庄社区，保持我们今天在地球上的比例大致相同，那就会是这样的情况了。A.prospects前景；B.proposals提议；C.proportions比例；D.petitions请求。根据上文提到的 the population，可知是保持在地球上的人口比例相同，故选C。
37. The London Underground has the _______ of being the oldest and most complex underground system in the world.
A. application B. distinction
C. distribution D. evolution
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：伦敦的地铁系统有着全世界最古老和最复杂地铁系统的美誉。A. application用途，申请；B. distinction区别，差别，特性；C. distribution分配，分布；D. evolution进化，变革。分析句意可知，此处用distinction构成固定搭配have the distinction of表示“具有……美誉、具有……特性”符合语境。故选B项。
38. ______with foreign countries can bring us much information about the world.
A. Contrast B. Competition C. Contact D. Combination
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与国外交往可以给我们带来很多关于世界的信息。A. Contrast 对比，对照；B. Competition竞争；C. Contact交往，联系；D. Combination结合。根据“可以给我们带来很多的关于世界的信息”可知，应该是与外国交往。故选C。
39. —He is a very good tennis player; you ______ see him in action.
—That’s exactly what I want!
A. ought to B. are able to C. mustn’t D. might not
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——他是一个很好的网球运动员；你应该看看他打球。——这正是我想要的! A. ought to应该；B. are able to能够；C. mustn’t不准；D. might not也许不。根据“He is a very good tennis player;”可知，此处是建议对方应该去看他打球。故选A。
40. China ________ Denmark by 10:9 on Sunday to win the bronze medal on the last day of the world Women’s Curling (冰壶) Championship in Denmark.
A. defeated B. overcame C. struck D. defended
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析，句意：周日，在丹麦举行的世界女子冰壶锦标赛的最后一天，中国队以10:9的比分击败丹麦队，获得铜牌。A. defeated击败，战胜； B. overcame克服，战胜；C. struck打击，撞击；D. defended保卫，防护。表示“战胜”时，defeat多指战争、比赛、竞选或辩论中战胜对手；overcome多指战胜或克服非物质的东西，如困难和不良习惯等。此处指比赛中战胜对方用defeat。故选A。
41. Mr. Dempsey stood for a few seconds, and perhaps some secret suspicion crept over him that this visit might be thought _________.
A. infectious B. intrusive C. inferior D. prompt
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：邓普西先生站了几秒钟，心里也许暗暗怀疑这次来访会被认为是打扰了。A.infectious传染的，传染性的； B.intrusive侵入的；打扰的；C.inferior次的，较差的；D.prompt迅速的，立刻的。根据“some secret suspicion”和“this visit might be thought”可知，此处是指怀疑这次造访会被认为是打扰的。故选B。
42. If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will ______ the challenge and commit more time and energy to their studies.
A. face up to B. keep pace with C. put up with D. live up to
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果学生在这科上的兴趣受到激发，他们会直面挑战，花更多的时间和精力在学习上。A. face up to大胆面对；B. keep pace with与……齐头并进；C. put up with忍受；D. live up to不辜负。根据 commit more time and energy to their studies.可知，此处用“直面挑战”符合语境，故选A项。
43. By 2060, I think that new ways of producing food will have been found to prevent_________.
A. starvation B. sanitation C. resolution D. opposition
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：到2060年，我认为生产食物的新方法将被发现以防止饥饿。A. starvation饥饿；B. sanitation环境卫生；C. resolution决议；D. opposition反对。根据空前“new ways of producing food will have been found”可知，此处指找到防止饥饿的生产食物的新方法。故选A。
44. The jury decided that the shooting was_________because Rogers thought his own life was in danger.
A. distinct B. abnormal C. justifiable D. automatic
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：陪审团认为枪击事件是正当的，因为罗杰斯认为自己的生命有危险。A. distinct不同的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. justifiable正当的；D. automatic自动的。根据下文“because Rogers thought his own life was in danger.”可推断出陪审团认为枪击事件是正当的，故选C。
45. Asking them to boycott meetings when others do not agree with their demands is a(n) ________ to a very unhappy life of fighting with other people, ________ them their future happiness.
A. guarantee, having cost B. accomplishment, losing
C. invitation, costing D. affection, having lost
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析和非谓语动词。句意：当其他人不同意他们的要求时，要求他们抵制会议是一种邀请，让他们过上与其他人争斗的非常不愉快的生活，结果以付出他们未来的幸福为代价。A. guarantee, having cost保证，已经花费；B. accomplishment, losing成就，失去；C. invitation, costing邀请，花费；D. affection, having lost感情，已经失去。根据句意可知，要求他们抵制会议就是邀请他们过上与其他人争斗的非常不愉快的生活，an invitation to “邀请”，所以第一个空填名词invitation；第二个空为非谓语动词做结果状语，此处是现在分词表示意料之中的结果。cost sb. sth. “让某人付出某种代价”。综上所述，故选C。
46. Friendly contacts between different peoples _________ the cultural and economic interchange.
A. reveal B. facilitate C. suppress D. mourn
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：各民族之间的友好交往促进了文化和经济交流。A. reveal揭示、透露、表明；B. facilitate促进、推动、使便利；C. suppress镇压、压制、阻止；D. mourn悼念、哀悼。根据句意可知，此处表示各民族之间的友好交往可以“促进”文化和经济交流，此处facilitate符合句意。故选B项。
47. Faced with economic slowdown, some companies are planning to use robots to ______ human workers to reduce their labor costs.
A. compensate B. substitute
C. symbolize D. discriminate
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：面对着经济下滑，一些公司计划使用机器人代替人力工人来降低他们的劳动力支出。 compensate补偿，弥补；substitute以……替代；symbolize象征；discriminate 歧视。根据句意可知，“替代”符合语境。故选B项。
48. He_______and wept when he heard the news.
A. took down B. put down C. turned down D. broke down
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他听到这个消息时，整个人都崩溃了并哭起来。A. took down记下；B. put down放下；C. turned down调小，拒绝；D. broke down崩溃，坏掉。根据wept可知此处用broke down“崩溃”符合语境。故选D项。
49. He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household_________.
A. estimations B. appliances C. estates D. ambassadors
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他还可以学习使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器。A. estimations判断；B. appliances电器；C. estates房产；D. ambassadors大使。根据上文“the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household”可知是指使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器。故选B。
50. I feel we live in a climate where everyone is taught to mistrust each other and report our neighbour’s _________behaviour.
A. embarrassing B. random C. genuine D. suspicious
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得我们生活在这样一种氛围中，每个人都被教育要互相不信任，要报告邻居的可疑行为。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. random随意的；C. genuine真正的；D. suspicious可疑的。根据句意可知，此处为形容词suspicious“可疑的”，满足句意要求。故选D项。
51. I drink a cup of coffee________；but usually I take tea.
A. frequently B. often C. constantly D. occasionally
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我偶尔喝一杯咖啡，但通常我喝茶。A. frequently频繁地；B. often经常；C. constantly连续不断地；D. occasionally偶尔地。but表示转折关系；根据后半句的usually，前面用occasionally，与usually 意思相对。故选D项。
52. With his seat belt ________, Larry has been fully prepared to drive to ________ the new city on his own.
A. fastened; explore B. fastening; explode
C. to be fastened; exploit D. being fastening; explore
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词词义辨析。句意：系好安全带，Larry已经准备好独自开车去探索这座新城市。A. explore探索；B. explode爆炸；C. exploit开发；D. explore探索。分析句子可知，第一空应用非谓语动词作宾补，逻辑主语belt和fasten之间是被动关系，应用过分分词；第二空，根据句意可知，用“探索”符合语境。故选A项。
53. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job ______ her confidence and flexibility.
A. in terms of B. in response to
C. by virtue of D. with respect to
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语辨析。in terms of就……而言；in response to响应，对……做出反应；by virtue of由于，凭借；with respect to关于，至于。句意：尽管缺乏必要的工作经验，但是我的堂姐凭借自信和灵活得到了这份工作。C选项符合题意。
54. People who do not smoke have less ________ of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.
A. potential B. pattern
C. preference D. prejudice
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：不吸烟的人比不吸烟的人患肺癌的可能性更小。A.potential 可能性，潜能；B.pattern 模式；样品；C.preference 偏爱 ；D.prejudice 偏见。根据句意，此处表示“（患肺癌的）可能性”，名词potential意为“可能性”，在动词have后 作宾语，构成动宾结构。故选A项。
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
There are two main sets of modern Olympic Games — the Winter and the Summer Olympics, and both ___55___ (hold) every four years on a regular basis. The Winter Olympics ___56___ (usual) take place two years before the Summer Games.
In the Summer Olympics there are running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. And in the Winter Olympics, there are competitions like skiing and ice skating ___57___ need snow and ice. That’s why they are called the Winter Olympics.
In ancient times, ___58___ (athlete) from the Greek world competed against each other just for the honour of ___59___ (win). No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! Nowadays any country can take part ___60___ the Olympic Games if their athletes are good enough. There are over 250 sports and each one has ___61___ (it) own standard. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, and team sports.
For each Olympics, a special village is built for athletes ___62___ (live) in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well. As ___63___ matter of fact, every country wants the opportunity. It’s a great ___64___ (responsible) but also a great honour to be chosen.
【答案】55. are held
56. usually
57. that/ which
58. athletes
59. winning
60. in 61. its
62. to live
63. a 64. responsibility
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冬季和夏季奥运会以及奥运村的一些情况。
【55题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：冬奥会和夏奥会都是四年举办一次。句子陈述事实，用一般现在时；句中的both指冬季和夏季奥运会，与hold是被动关系，用被动语态，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are held。
【56题详解】
考查副词。句意：冬奥会通常在夏奥会前两年举行。修饰动词短语take place用副词，故填usually。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：冬奥会上，有像滑雪和滑冰这样需要冰和雪的比赛。先行词为competitions，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：在古代，来自希腊世界的运动员为了赢得荣誉而互相竞争。Athlete是可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填athletes。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意参考上题解析，此处需要用动名词作介词作of的宾语，故填winning。
【60题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：如今，如果它的运动员足够优秀，任何国家都可以参加奥运会。take part in表示“参加”，故填in。
【61题详解】
考查代词。句意：总共有250多个运动项目，每个项目都有它自己的标准。修饰名词standard用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
【62题详解】
考查不定式。句意：每届奥运会都建有一个运动员居住的专用村。根据“is built”判断用不定式作目的状语，故填to live。
【63题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：事实上，每个国家都想要得到入住奥运村的机会。as a matter of fact表示“事实上”，故填a。
【64题详解】
考查名词。句意：被选中是一个极大的责任也是一个极大的荣誉。此处与honour并列用名词作表语，故填responsibility。
六、图表作文
65. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.
假设你是李华，你的英语老师把你班同学分成几个小组来调查班里患近视(short-sightedness)的同学的人数和原因。你们小组调查后做了如下图所示的统计，请分析下面的饼状图，并谈谈你的看法及建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Recently, we conducted a survey on short-sightedness among the fifty students in our class. According to the survey, twenty students have good eyesight, while thirty students are short-sighted. We found that eighteen students became short-sighted due to watching TV or sitting in front of a computer for a long time. Nine students said their poor posture led to their short-sightedness. Three other students had other reasons for their poor eyesight. Thus, the main reason for short-sightedness is that some students don’t use their eyes properly.
Our eyes are very important to us. We should protect them all the time. We should not watch TV or surf the Internet for hours without breaks. We should also read in a correct way. Furthermore, doing eye exercises is good for our eyes.
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇图表类作文。要求考生对饼状图所统计的关于班里近视情况的数据进行分，并谈谈自己的看法及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开展：conduct→carry out
由于：due to→because of
导致：lead to→contribute to
休息：break→rest
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Our eyes are very important to us. We should protect them all the time.
拓展句：We should protect our eyes all the time, which are very important to us.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Thus, the main reason for short-sightedness is that some students don’t use their eyes properly. (运用了that引导表语从句)
[高分句型2] Furthermore, doing eye exercises is good for our eyes. (运用了动名词作主语)上蔡县衡实中学2022—2023学年第一学期11月份期中考
高二（年级）英语（学科）试题
注意事项：本试卷共150分，考试时间为120分钟．
阅读理解
A
While your competitors are still waiting for the water to warm up, you could be giving your dragon boat season a jumpstart with a paddling vacation in Orlando, Florida. Spring camp is suitable for all ages and levels, perfect for those looking for a break from the ordinary ( or cold) days while enjoying the sport of dragon boat with like-minded people.
The 2018 Florida Training Camp promises to be a week of fun and fitness on and off the water. Register as a team, small group or individual, with customizable(可定制的) add-ons for those looking to give an edge to their personal performance.
The week will close out on Saturday with a camp BBQ and a racing regatta! Opening festivities begin on the evening of Sunday April 15th with camp check-in. Training begins on Monday April 16th and ends on Saturday April 21st.
GWN FLORIDA TRAINING CAMP
Dates: Monday April 16th to Saturday April 21st, 2018
Price: $395, $370 before January 19th, 2018
Features include:
Daily schedule
Twice daily dragon boat training sessions
Daily video analysis
Individual help(twice weekly)
Additional daily group sessions
Camp-sponsored socials
CUSTOMIZE YOUR CAMP EXPERIENCE
The optifons outlined below are available during the week of camp and can be booked as an add-on. Add-ons can be included in your initial registration or purchased at a later time through the online registration system.
OPTION 1: High Performance Program
Cost: $75
If you want to learn how to move your boat faster, then the High Performance Program is for you! This option consists of three progressive one-hour sessions completely focused on racing techniques, strategies, and drills, with the goal of increasing your overall speed.
Option 2: Coaching Community Dragon Boat (Level1)
Cost: $175
This course is intended for anyone interested in entry-level coaching. Expect the material included in the course to cover safety, ethics(道德) in coaching, coach-athlete communication, basic dragon boat techniques, basic physiological requirements of dragon boat racing, race and practice planning, plus more.
1. According to the passage, ___________in the camp.
A. you will enjoy a BBQ at the opening B. you need to be over 18
C. you should have some dragon boat skills D. you can have fun on land
2. How much does the camp with Option 1 cost if you pay at the end of 2017
A. $370 B. $395
C. $ 445 D. $470
3. We can learn from the passage that ___________.
A. Option 1 includes a three-hour session
B. add-ons can be bought during registration
C. Option 2 is for those fond of advanced coaching
D. video analysis is covered in the coaching course
4. The purpose of the passage is to ______________.
A. recommend an upcoming training camp
B. introduce the options in a training camp
C. provide ideas about how to spend a vacation
D. offer advice on how to win in dragon boat races
B
Math class usually requires a pencil and a calculator. At Loveland High School, students also need a hammer and a hard hat. Every year, about 150 students sign up for “Geometry in Construction.” Students, usually seniors, learn math concepts in the classroom, and then use that knowledge to build a small home.
“We basically started this because we knew what was currently going on was not working for all kids," said teacher Scott Burke, one of the founders of the program. "We really felt like we needed to create a model that was a little bit different, something that not only helped kids in standardized testing, but also gave them employable skills as well."
It was a decade ago when Burke started teaching the program. The students’ first project was a small, one-bedroom cabin for a private buyer. Over time, Loveland High School started a partnership with Habitat for Humanity and built several homes for low-income families. For the first time this year, students built tiny homes that will help house locals who don't have a proper place to live in.
Loveland High School also offers courses to older students who have completed the geometry program. Senior Haley Hansen is now helping supervise （监管）the current construction site and learning management skills. Hansen who said she first chose to study on the program to hopefully learn math in an easier way, grew to love it more than she imagined. "A big reason I stuck with this program is really because of the community aspect. I actually get to be a part of the community and feel like, as a high schooler, I am making an impact. Being able to help a family in need is something life-changing for me," said Hansen.
Now, Burke's teaching other schools how to build similar math classes. He said the Loveland Geometry in Construction team has trained about 425 schools around the country in how to copy the program. Some are building houses; others are building smaller projects like cabins.
5. What is a goal of the Geometry in Construction program
A. To prepare students for their future work.
B. To strengthen teacher-student relationships.
C. To build some new classrooms.
D. To test students in a new model.
6. Who did the students build homes for this year
A. The local homeless.
B. Private buyers.
C. Workers of Habitat for Humanity.
D. Families on very low incomes.
7. Why did Hansen come to love the program
A It improved her math score rapidly.
B. It inspired her social responsibility.
C. It enabled her to understand other people.
D. It made her treasure her present life.
8. What is Burke busy doing at present
A. Teaching his students to build cabins.
B. Designing a new math program.
C. Training new teachers for his school.
D. Spreading the idea of their program.
C
Successfully making your morning to-do list could start with the first thing you put it in your mouth.
If you’re feeling like zombie (僵尸) in the morning, an unbalanced breakfast made primarily of simple sugars could be to blame, said Nancy Z. Farrell Allen, a registered nutritionist and spokesperson for the Academy of utrition and Dietetics.
“Carbohydrates — whether from fruits and vegetables or from sweets and cookies-break down to sugar in the body,” said McKel Kooienga, the creator of the Mindful Nutrition Method, via email. “Think of sugar as energy in the body.’
After we eat carbs, the pancreas (胰腺) produces the insulin (胰岛素) hormone to clear the sugar from the bloodstream, Kooienga explained. The type, timing and amount of carbs eaten determines how much sugar is introduced to the bloodstream at one time Simpler or processed carbs — such as muffins or maple syrup — introduce sugar to the blood at faster rate if not eaten with other nutrients like protein and fat, she said, resulting in short-term energy that causes.
Instead, think about delicious eggs, beans and cheese for protein, complex carbs and healthy fats. Or raspberries, oats and coconut for the same benefits.
“A balanced breakfast sets the pace and the tone for the day. It provides food that feeds both our brain and our body so that we can be mentally intact and productive out of the starting gate,” Allen said.
Having low blood sugar levels from regularly not eating breakfast can cause people to constantly reach for sugary and processed foods, which might “lead you down a path with food that can impact your mental health as well,” Kooienga said. That can lead to higher risk of turning to disordered eating behaviors, she added.
The concept of balance, Kooienga said, includes a combination of complex, fiber-rich sources of carbs, protein and healthy fats that would release sugar to the blood at a slower rate, supporting longer-lasting energy.
“There are so many wonderful options at breakfast time that provide the opportunity to explore cultural, delicious, healthy and mindful eating,” Farrell Allen said.
9. What can we learn about breakfast from the passage
A. An unbalanced breakfast is the reason for lack of energy in the morning.
B. An unbalanced breakfast will release sugar to the blood slowly.
C A balanced breakfast may result in low blood sugar level.
D. A balanced breakfast can provide energy for people throughout the whole day.
10. Which of the following is advisable for an energetic morning according to the passage
A. Foods with huge amount of sugar.
B. Foods rich in protein like eggs and cheese.
C. Foods containing processed and complex carbs.
D. Foods containing complex carbs, protein and healthy fats.
11. Which of the following word may have the similar meaning to the underlined word “intact”
A. efreshed. B. Damaged. C. Disabled. D. Challenged.
D
12. Why are pencil and paper needed
A. To make marks on the places. B. To compare notes with researchers.
C. To keep track of the changes. D. To write down the survival tips.
13 How often are you advised to check the cups before the growth of mold
A. Several times a day. B. On a daily basis.
C. Every other day. D. At regular intervals a month.
14. Why is leftover food kept in a refrigerator
A. Molds can live in the dark. B. Molds prefer warm temperature.
C. Molds are less likely to grow. D. Molds don’t need sunlight.
二、七选五
Most of today’s Chinese Americans are the descendants(后代) of some of the early miners and railroad workers. From the start, the Chinese had lived apart in their own separate neighborhoods. _____15_____. In each of them the residents organized an unofficial government to make rules for the community and to settle disputes.
Chinese Americans keep many aspects of their ancient culture, even after having lived here for several generations. For example, _____16_____. Members of the family lend each other moral support and also practical help when necessary. From a very young age, the old values and attitudes, including respect for their elders and a feeling of responsibility to the family, are passed from the older generation to the young. _____17_____.
The high regard for education, which is deeply rooted in Chinese culture, and the willingness to work very hard to gain advancement, are other noteworthy characteristics of theirs. _____18_____.
Chinese Americans make up only a tiny part of American population; there are fewer than a million, living chiefly in California, New York, and Hawaii. As American attitudes toward minorities and ethnic differences have changed in recent years, _____19_____.
A. the Chinese Americans have gained wide acceptance
B. their family ties continue to be remarkably strong
C. This explains why so many descendants of uneducated laborers have succeeded in becoming doctors, lawyers, and other professionals
D. saving money and passing down their fortune to their young is always the custom
E. This helps to explain why there is so little juvenile delinquency(青少年犯罪) among them
F. Later those came to be known as “Chinatowns”
G. Nowadays, kids are living separately, far away from their parents.
三、完形填空
Since Peter Singer published Animal Liberation in 1975, animal rights activists thought animals should be granted the same rights as humans. Referring to scientific studies showing animals___20___“human characteristics”, they argue animals should be protected with the same rights. So why don’t animals have the same legal status (身份) as humans？
The line of reasoning in favor of granting animals equal rights to humans___21___the fact that scientists have found characteristics in animals we normally___22___with humans. A group of scientists showed monkeys demonstrate self-consciousness at the same level as humans. This has usually served as a justification for human rights, so why don’t we grant equal rights to monkeys？
The truth is___23___convincing scientific evidence, the argument for granting at least some animals the same rights as humans can’t be justified philosophically. An adequate argument for animal rights would require further philosophical inquiry and not just descriptive___24___. We can feel pity for animals being treated badly and strive to protect them from such treatment. This,___25___, doesn’t mean animals should enjoy the same legal status as humans.
There is a strong reason for___26___that rights only apply to humans. While fundamental rights surely are valuable in their nature, they would be worthless without a system to___27___them. That is why we expect other people to respect our rights.
The system that defends our rights is the fact that other people are obliged by___28___in their behaviors towards us. In our daily life, we experience numerous situations in which bad guys could____29____from violating (侵犯) our rights. Nevertheless, we see, of course, with some exceptions, that individuals cooperate and respect other people’s rights. Rights and duties are two sides of the same coin, and one cannot____30____to have certain rights without having to observe the duties.
If it is my claim to live freely on my property without being bothered, my neighbor’s duty prevents him from violating my right to property and life. Suppose, however, he breaks in and damages my property. He will then be held responsible in a court of law, for he has____31____his duty to respect my rights. This is completely reasonable, but we will certainly face____32____if my property was violated by an elephant.
If we assume that animals are granted the same legal status as humans,____33____requires that we now drag he elephant into court. Remember, if an animal were to have such rights, it would logically also have social duties. Therefore, it is now____34____to the same legal procedures as humans. This raises practical questions: Who will defend the animal in court？And will the animal be able to comprehend what is going on？
20. A. acquiring B. desiring C. displaying D. respecting
21. A. explores B. challenge C. overlooks D. emphasizes
22. A. treat B. associate C. deal D. bear
23. A. considering B. despite C. instead of D. according to
24. A. conclusions B. performances C. experiments D. messages
25. A. in return B. for instance C. therefore D. however
26. A. denying B. maintaining C. recognizing D. suggesting
27. A. approve B. demand C. ensure D. reserve
28. A. contracts B. possession C. faith D. duties
29. A. profit B. keep C. learn D. result
30. A. afford B. claim C. pretend D. determine
31. A. assigned B. declared C. failed D. fulfilled
32. A. dangers B. questions C. charges D. obstacles
33. A. agreement B. justice C. criticism D. frustration
34. A. open B. addicted C. subject D. relevant
四、单项选择
35. The move has sparked a_________reaction from employees and triggered a chain of strikes in the past few weeks.
A. relevant B. bilingual C. tranquil D. furious
36. If we could turn the population of the Earth into a small village community of 100 people, keeping roughly the same _________we have today on our planet, it would be something like this.
A. prospects B. proposals C. proportions D. petitions
37. The London Underground has the _______ of being the oldest and most complex underground system in the world.
A. application B. distinction
C. distribution D. evolution
38. ______with foreign countries can bring us much information about the world.
A. Contrast B. Competition C. Contact D. Combination
39. —He is a very good tennis player; you ______ see him in action.
—That’s exactly what I want!
A. ought to B. are able to C. mustn’t D. might not
40. China ________ Denmark by 10:9 on Sunday to win the bronze medal on the last day of the world Women’s Curling (冰壶) Championship in Denmark.
A. defeated B. overcame C. struck D. defended
41. Mr. Dempsey stood for a few seconds, and perhaps some secret suspicion crept over him that this visit might be thought _________.
A. infectious B. intrusive C. inferior D. prompt
42. If the students' interest in the subject is motivated, they will ______ the challenge and commit more time and energy to their studies.
A. face up to B. keep pace with C. put up with D. live up to
43. By 2060, I think that new ways of producing food will have been found to prevent_________.
A. starvation B. sanitation C. resolution D. opposition
44. The jury decided that the shooting was_________because Rogers thought his own life was in danger.
A. distinct B. abnormal C. justifiable D. automatic
45. Asking them to boycott meetings when others do not agree with their demands is a(n) ________ to a very unhappy life of fighting with other people, ________ them their future happiness.
A. guarantee, having cost B. accomplishment, losing
C. invitation, costing D. affection, having lost
46. Friendly contacts between different peoples _________ the cultural and economic interchange.
A. reveal B. facilitate C. suppress D. mourn
47. Faced with economic slowdown, some companies are planning to use robots to ______ human workers to reduce their labor costs.
A. compensate B. substitute
C. symbolize D. discriminate
48. He_______and wept when he heard the news.
A. took down B. put down C. turned down D. broke down
49. He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household_________.
A. estimations B. appliances C. estates D. ambassadors
50. I feel we live in a climate where everyone is taught to mistrust each other and report our neighbour’s _________behaviour.
A. embarrassing B. random C. genuine D. suspicious
51. I drink a cup of coffee________；but usually I take tea.
A. frequently B. often C. constantly D. occasionally
52. With his seat belt ________, Larry has been fully prepared to drive to ________ the new city on his own.
A. fastened; explore B. fastening; explode
C. to be fastened; exploit D. being fastening; explore
53. Though lacking the necessary working experience, my cousin got the job ______ her confidence and flexibility.
A. in terms of B. in response to
C. by virtue of D. with respect to
54. People who do not smoke have less ________ of suffering from lung cancer than those who do so.
A. potential B. pattern
C. preference D. prejudice
五、用单词的适当形式完成短文
语法填空
There are two main sets of modern Olympic Games — the Winter and the Summer Olympics, and both ___55___ (hold) every four years on a regular basis. The Winter Olympics ___56___ (usual) take place two years before the Summer Games.
In the Summer Olympics there are running races, together with swimming, sailing and all the team sports. And in the Winter Olympics, there are competitions like skiing and ice skating ___57___ need snow and ice. That’s why they are called the Winter Olympics.
In ancient times, ___58___ (athlete) from the Greek world competed against each other just for the honour of ___59___ (win). No other countries could join in, nor could slaves or women! Nowadays any country can take part ___60___ the Olympic Games if their athletes are good enough. There are over 250 sports and each one has ___61___ (it) own standard. Women are not only allowed, but play a very important role in gymnastics, athletics, and team sports.
For each Olympics, a special village is built for athletes ___62___ (live) in, a main reception building, several stadiums for competitions, and a gymnasium as well. As ___63___ matter of fact, every country wants the opportunity. It’s a great ___64___ (responsible) but also a great honour to be chosen.
六、图表作文
65. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.
假设你是李华，你的英语老师把你班同学分成几个小组来调查班里患近视(short-sightedness)的同学的人数和原因。你们小组调查后做了如下图所示的统计，请分析下面的饼状图，并谈谈你的看法及建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
