深圳高级中学2023-2024学年第一学期期中测试
初二英语
说明：
1、本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷基础知识与能力考查部分和第Ⅱ卷本学期知识与能力考查部分。共计10分，考试时间为90分钟。
2、第Ⅰ卷为听力测试（15小题，共15分）：第Ⅱ卷本学期知识与能力考查部分内容为完形填空（10小题，共10分）、阅读理解（15小题，共22.5分）、阅读还原（5小题，共10分）、信息匹配（5小题，共7.5分）、词形填空（10小题，共10分）、语法填空（10小题，共10分）和书面表达（15分），共计85分。
3、请考生务必将自己的姓名、班级、准考证号（必须涂黑）填在答题卡上，用2B铅笔涂黑选择题答案，一律在答题卡上作答。
第Ⅰ卷 听力测试（共15分）
Ⅰ. 听力测试（共15小题，每小题1分）
i) 听下面5个句子，根据所听内容选择最佳答句。听完每个句子你都有5秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每个句子仅读一遍。（共5题，每题1分）
( ) 1. A. He has big eyes. B. He is outgoing. C. He likes ball games.
( ) 2. A. Sure, Here you are. B. No, you needn’t. C. The same to you.
( ) 3. A. I hope so. B. It doesn’t matter C. Of course.
( ) 4. A. You can’t miss it. B. It’s too long. C. Five minutes’ walk.
( ) 5. A. In two days. B. From 9:00 to 9:40. C. Five times a week.
ii) 听下面两段对话，根据所听内容选择最佳答案，听每段对话前你将有时间阅读各小题，听完每个对话后给出5秒作答时间。每段对话读两遍。（共5题，每题1分）
听第一段对话，回答第6至第7两个小题。
( ) 6. What does the girl think is the greatest invention
A. The TV. B. The computer. C. The smart phone.
( ) 7. What does the boy’s sister use the computer for
A. Studying English. B. Playing computer games. C. Watching TV plays.
听第二段对话，回答第8至第10三个小题。
( ) 8. How long does the woman have to wait before the museum open
A. Another ten minutes. B. Another twenty minutes. C. Another fifteen minutes.
( ) 9. How much does the woman pay for the tickets
A. 40 yuan. B. 80 yuan. C. 120 yuan.
( ) 10. Where can the woman buy the tickets
A. At the school gate.
B. From her friends.
C. At the ticket window or on the Internet.
iii) 听下面一段短文，回答第11至第15五个小题。根据所听内容选择最佳答案。听短文前你将有时间阅读各小题，听完对话后给出5秒作答时间。短文读两遍。（共5题，每题1分）
( ) 11. Where were kites invented
A. In England. B. In China. C. In Japan.
( ) 12. What were kites made of in the beginning
A. Wood and metal. B. Wood and bamboo. C. Wood and cloth.
( ) 13. What did people use kites to do in the beginning
A. To pass messages.
B. To keep away from bad luck.
C. To compete with each other
( ) 14. How many square meters is a basketball court (球场)
A. About 1,500. B. About 1,000. C. About 500.
( ) 15. When is the Weifang International Kite Festival held
A. In March. B. In April. C. In May.
第Ⅱ卷 能力考察部分（共85分）
Ⅱ. 完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分）
Everybody knows that Edison is a famous scientist who invented the electric light bulb. But maybe fewer people have 16 his being kind and forgiving towards others. The following is a true story about him.
At one point in his experiments, Edison had at last 17 a working bulb—the final result of hundreds of trials. It was the first electric light bulb that had ever been made, and Edison was full of 18 . He had dreamed of this moment for years. “Take it upstairs, Jimmy,” he said, handing it to his assistant, Jimmy Price 19 there was a crash, and Edison turned around to see that his precious bulb had fallen to the ground and broken into pieces on the floor. Jimmy had let the bulb slip (滑落) through his fingers 20 .
Edison said nothing, but everyone can imagine what his thoughts were. He went back to his work table and set to work once more to make another 21 .
A few days later, a new bulb was finally ready. There it 22 on the table in front of its maker, fully completed. Then Edison did a very big thing. With a smile, he handed the new bulb to Jimmy. “Be careful this time,” he said. He was giving the young man another 23 . Jimmy did not break it, so we have millions of bulbs in the world today.
As a proverb says, “Not the power to 24 , but its very opposite, the power to forget, is a necessary condition for our existence. “Life is too short and no one is 25 . If we can forgive those who have hurt us, we will have a better life.
( ) 16. A. beard about B. worried about C. brought about D. looked about
( ) 17. A. sold B. produced C. accepted D. checked
( ) 18. A. hope B. anxiety C. pride D. surprise
( ) 19. A. Luckily B. Excitingly C. Finally D. Suddenly
( ) 20. A. sadly B. angrily C. carelessly D. carefully
( ) 21. A. fan B. bulb C. phone D. book
( ) 22. A. learned B. held C. put D. lay
( ) 23. A. chance B. hand C. reason D. talk
( ) 24. A. receive B. remember C. keep D. improve
( ) 25. A. strong B. nice C. had D. perfect
Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共40分）
第一节 阅读选择（共15小题，每题15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各小题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将相应的字母编号涂黑。
A
What’s the largest animal in the world Where is Denmark Who made the first pizza
To answer these questions, you may need an encyclopedia. An encyclopedia is a book with facts on topics in every field of knowledge. Which one should you choose Encyclopedia Britannica is a good choice.
It is the oldest and largest English-language encyclopedia in the world. It was first published in the 18th century in Scotland. Many people think it is the best encyclopedia.
From the I8th century to the early 20th century, articles in Encyclopedia Britannica were long and hard to understand. It soon became the favorite encyclopedia of scholars. But later, more and more common people began to use Encyclopedia Britannica, because the articles became shorter and easier to read.
Today people still think articles in Encyclopedia Britannica are reliable (可靠的) and well-written. In 2004, it had about 120,000 articles, with 44 million words.
To buy the Encyclopedia Britannica, you have to spend around 1,400 dollars (about 11,200 yuan). It also has a CD-ROM version which costs about 50 dollars.
In 1994 Encyclopedia Britannica was first put online. You can read short introductions of articles for free from the website. But for the full text, you have to pay about 12 dollars a month or 70 dollars a year.
( ) 26. Which of the answers to the questions may be found in Encyclopedia Britannica
A. What is the largest animal in the world B. Who made the first pizza
C. Where is Denmark D. All of the above.
( ) 27. Why did common people dislike to use Encyclopedia Britannica at first
A. Because it was too expensive.
B. Because they didn’t have computers.
C. Because the articles in it were not easy to understand.
D. Because they didn’t have any questions.
( ) 28. How much do you pay if you want to buy an Encyclopedia Britannica and its CD-ROM version
A. About $1,400. B. About $1,450
C. About $11,200 D. About $70.
( ) 29. How long is the Encyclopedia Britannica online now
A. For 29 years. B. For 12 years.
C. For one century. D. For 18 years.
( ) 30. What is the best title for the passage
A. Encyclopedia Britannica. B. How to Find Answers in an Encyclopedia.
C. Useful Websites in Our Daily Lives. D. The Power of Knowledge.
B
How quickly can you count from one to ten Do you use ten different words to do it Can you do it in English, or do you have to use your first language Do you count on your fingers Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true.
People in different parts of the world use different ways to count on their fingers. In the United States, people begin counting with their first finger. They then extend the rest of their fingers and finally the thumb to count to five. Then they repeat this with the other hand to get to ten. In China, people count by using different finger positions. In this way, a Chinese person can easily count to ten on only one hand.
Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers. For example, the aboriginal (土著居民), people in Australia don’t have hand movements to stand for numbers. They don’t even have words for numbers. However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers. Similarly, people of the Piraha tribe (部落) in northwestern Brazil don’t have words for numbers such as “one” or “three”. They are not able to say “five trees” or “ten trees” but can say “some trees”, “more trees” or “many trees”. Professor Edward Gibson from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology said that most people believe that everyone knows bow to count. “But here is a group that does not count. They could learn, but it’s not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.”
( ) 31. Why does the writer list the four questions at the beginning of the passage
A. To make a survey. B. To interest the readers.
C. To give examples. D. To interview the readers.
( ) 32. What can we learn according to paragraph 2
A. People from China can make use of different finger positions to do the counting.
B. People from the US usually begin counting with their thumb.
C. People from China count much faster than people from the US.
D. People from the US use only one hand to count from one to ten.
( ) 33. Which of the following is TRUE about aboriginal Australians
A. There are ideas of numbers in their life.
B. There is no “some trees” in their language.
C. They have only a few words for numbers.
D. They have hand movements to stand for numbers.
( ) 34. The study of the Piranha tribe shows that ________.
A. people all over the world know how to count
B. people of the tribe have words for number
C. some groups of people are not smart enough to count
D. counting is not useful in the culture of the tribe
( ) 35. What is the main idea of the passage
A. People from different cultures have different ideas about numbers and math.
B. Chinese people can count more easily on their fingers than Americans.
C. In some aboriginal culture, people don’t even know how to count.
D. Some languages don’t have number words because people don’t need numbers.
C
Imagine that the battery on your mobile phone has run out. You can’t make any calls for help and no one can contact you. You are all alone, and well, not quite. Just reach into your pocket and take out a piece of sugar. Put it into the battery, wait a minute and you are back on the phone.
Thanks to a couple of American scientists, this situation could become real. Swadesh Chaudhuri and Derek Lovely have invented the “bacteria (细菌) battery”. This kind of battery gets its power from bacteria that eats sugar and turns it into electricity.
“This is a special organism (有机体),” Lovely said. “You can get enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a spoonful of sugar.”
In the past, bacteria batteries have been expensive and not long-lasting. But this battery uses a more efficient bacterium that can turn 80 percent of sugar into electrical energy. This is 30 percent more than similar batteries can manage.
The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable (稳定的), because
sugar can be taken from waste and crops.
But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory as it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment.
The scientists understand there is a lot more work to be done. “It is still young.” said Lovely.
“Where we are now is where solar power was 20 or 30 years ago.”
He also believes the battery will be used in scientific equipment at the bottom of the ocean. Ocher ideas include using sugar in the blood to run medical devices in the human body and taking sugar from animal waste to provide energy to power homes in rural (乡村的) areas.
( ) 36. What’s the passage mainly about
A. An effective way to repair the mobile phone.
B. A scientific invention of a new type of battery.
C. A clean energy to reduce the carbon dioxide.
D. A new kind of mobile phone and its future.
( ) 37. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of the newly-developed battery
A. Convenient. B. Stable C. Inexpensive. D. Quick
( ) 38. Which of the following are the scientists working on to improve the new battery
A. Increase the bacteria. B. Solve the pollution problem.
C. Bring down the price. D. Change the size of the battery.
( ) 39. What does the underlined sentence actually mean
A. The bacteria battery shares some similarities with solar energy.
B. Scientists will continue their work until they find solar power.
C. There is still much room for the improvement of the bacteria battery.
D. The bacteria battery will be as popular as solar power in twenty or thirty years.
( ) 40. According to the last paragraph, who will find the bacteria battery less useful
A. Divers. B. Farmers. C. Doctors. D. Architects.
第二节 阅读还原（6选5）
以下是一篇短文，请阅读短文并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整连贯，并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑（共5题，每小题2分）。
A. Make it an experience that your kid enjoys with you. B. They think that kids should do other things like riding a bike or playing out with friends. C. But as parents we find ourselves asking the same questions. D. If used properly, it has so much information to offer our kids. E. Well, we shouldn’t stop our kids from using the computer. F. It’s bad for your health to use it too much.
These days we are bringing up kids in a generation that we like to call the iPad generation. Kids enjoy spending hours playing on their computers and phones. Since it seems that most of us parents can’t live without the computer, the iPad or the phone, it is normal for our kids to feel that that’s the way to go.
41 Some of them are “I don’t want my kid on the computer; Am I right not letting him use it ”, “Should I allow him to play for so long ”, and “When should I say no ”
A lot of parents believe they shouldn’t let their kids use computers. 42 At the same time, there is another set of parents who let their kids use their iPads or their phones for long hours. They feel their kids have to be good at using them, or they will be left behind.
43 It can play a big role in the development of our kids. It can be used even without an Internet connection. Kids can use it to draw pictures, read books, listen to music or play games just like any other toy. However, the number of hours that they use it should be controlled.
Let us talk about the Internet now. Is it a big bad wolf Not really. 44 Kids can know what is happening around them, and read wonderful facts about anything that interests them. There are a lot of healthy, kid-friendly websites that our kids can use. If you do allow your kid to use the Internet, be there while be or she uses it.
45 Don’t let the Internet turn into something that just helps you to take care of your kid.
第三节 信息匹配（共5题，每小题1.5分）
下面的材料A-F分别是六种查阅工具。请根据五位同学的不同情况，选择他们需要的查阅工具，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
A. BNB Online for biographies (传记) of people. Tap the name of a famous person and you will get detailed information about his or her date of birth, family background, life story, how they became famous and why they are popular.
B. Oxford Reference Online for encyclopedia articles, reference books to find facts about countries, important dates and events in history. The sources also include great inventions and discoveries in history.
C. Grove Art Online for finding out detailed information about artists, art, architects and designers. It also includes color images from museums and galleries from around the world .
D. Grove Music Online for biographies of composers, short articles, vivid pictures, sounds and web links on music. Free download of music piece or popular songs from websites will allow you to enjoy the music while thinking or planning your wok. You will definitely have access to most of the beautiful songs here.
E. BBC Revision Online for English such as SATS, TOEFL, GRE and GCSE. Following the given sources, you will get detailed introductions for the targeted tests, sample test papers, keys, explanations and notes for the tests.
F. English Dictionary Online for finding the spelling or meaning of English words, some practical usages and sentences, the origins and evolutions of 600,000 words. Exercises for word usage, vocabulary building, and games for spelling, pronunciation are also available and much more.
46 Frank likes reading books on important inventions and discoveries in history. He plans to do a project on the four great inventions and their inventors in Chinese ancient times. He needs to get some detailed information about it.
47 Molly is fond of painting and dreams to become a painter one day. But recently, she joined a school singing group and is now preparing for a performance next week. To connect her out-class activity with her school work, she has decided to do a project on Jazz and its origin.
48 Kate majors in western art. She chooses a topic on western paintings and famous painters for her presentation. So, she needs more detailed information about famous painters and some photos of paintings to go with the instructions.
49 Lorry wants to write a book review on Mr. Churchill in World War II. He decided to take series steps in finishing the work. The first thing he needs to do is to set off on a search for the information sources.
50 Lisa’s homework from her English class is to write an essay on the changes of English. She needs to find out information about how some English words changed in meaning and spelling over a period of time, and then come up with the explanations for the possible causes behind these changes.
Ⅳ. 词形填空（共10小题，每小题1分）
51. Martin Luther King did a lot for racial equality (种族平等), so he ____________ (win) the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.
52. John hopes he can keep his curiosity (好奇心) and study habits in university, and keep ____________ (challenge) himself to become a better person.
53. At that time, not many people knew the book. However, it is one of ____________ (popular) children’s books of the twentieth century.
54. When an earthquake or a flood happens in some places, news of these disasters can bring help from ____________ (distance) countries within hours.
55. Zhusuan is a symbol (象征) of the ____________ (wise) of Chinese people, but it has lost it roles in the 21st century as the world develops so fast.
56. The study results suggested that if the only child in a family get full attention from their parents and are free to develop themselves, they are more likely to be ____________ (create) and confident.
57. Once a vacation meant getting outdoors and enjoying life, but now more people are staying indoors because of the smart phone and many other modern ____________ (invent).
58. When we spell words ____________ (correct), it will cause confusion and make the writing more difficult to read.
59. Bruce Lee’s films brought traditional Hong Kong kung fu movies to a new level of popularity, and ____________ (introduction) kung fu to millions of people in the West.
60. Our Time to Read campaign is all about encouraging families to keep reading together even once their children begin to read ____________ (dependent).
Ⅴ. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分）
阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
The Chinese abacus is known as the Suanpan. It is 61 important part of traditional Chinese culture and it is known as China’s 62 (five) great invention. People use the abacus 63 (calculate) at a faster speed so it has been called “the 64 (old) computer in the world”.
To use the abacus correctly, something 65 (be) necessary (必要的) for you to know. It usually has more than seven rods (杆子). There are two beads (算珠) on each rod in the upper deck (层) and five bends each in the bottom. The beads are usually round and made 66 wood. We count the beads by 67 (move) them up or down towards the beam (横梁). If you move them toward the beam, you count their value. 68 , if you move them away the beam, you can’t count their value. The abacus can be reset (重置) to the starting position quickly, so then you can start to count again 69 (easy). Today, the use of abacus is still taught in some primary 70 (school) as part of Maths.
Ⅵ. 书面表达（共15分）
上周五，你们学校举办了一年一度的科技节，全校学生都参与其中。假设你是李华，请根据以下表格内容给校报投稿。介绍学校科技节的情况，并谈谈自己的感受。
活动 内容
活动：三分之二的学生看电影 观看一部有关发明家爱迪生的电影
活动2：其余学生参加机器人比赛 外观：一些机器人像汽车一样大，一些像杯子一样小。 功能：①回答学生的问题，减少电脑和手机的使用。 ②……（自行补充一点）
感受 ……（自行补充一点）
写作要求：
1. 80词左右（开头和结尾己给出，不计入总词数）；
2. 分段合理，要点齐全，书写工整美观。
参考词汇：机器人robot；比赛competition；爱迪生Edison；知识knowledge。
Last Friday, our school held a science festival. All the students had a really good time in it. __________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
I can’t wait to see the science festival next year.
深圳高级中学2023-2024学年第一学期期中测试
初二英语
第Ⅰ卷 听力测试（共15分）
Ⅰ. 听力测试（15小题，每小题1分）
1-5 AABCC 6-10 BBABC 11-15 BBACB
第Ⅰ卷 能力考察部分（共85分）
Ⅱ. 完形填空（10分）
16-20 ABCDC 21-25 BDABD
【导语】本文主要讲了爱迪生除了发明灯泡，还有一点鲜为人知的就是他对他人的宽容和谅解。
16. 句意：但也许很少有人听说过他对其他人的友善和宽容。
heard about听说过；worried about担心；brought about带来；looked about环顾四周。根据“his being kind and forgiving towards others.”可知，这里是很少有人听说过他对其他人的友善和宽容。故选A。
17. 句意：在他的实验中，爱迪生终于制造出了一个能亮的灯泡——这是数百次试验的最终结果。
sold出售；produced产生；accepted接受；checked检查。根据“a working bulb-the final result of hundreds of trials.”可知，这里指爱迪生制造出了一个能亮的灯泡。故选B。
18. 句意：这是有史以来第一个电灯泡，爱迪生充满了自豪。这是他渴望这刻已经许多年了。
hope希望；anxiety焦虑；pride自豪；surprise惊喜。故选C。
19. 句意：突然发生了一声撞击，爱迪生转过身来，发现他珍贵的灯泡掉到了地上，摔成了碎片。
Luckily幸运的是；Excitingly令人兴奋地；Finally最后；Suddenly突然。根据“there was a crash, and Edison turned around to see that his precious bulb had fallen to the ground and broken into pieces on the floor.”可知，这件事情是突然发生的。故选D。
20. 句意：吉米不小心让灯泡从手指间滑了下来。
sadly悲哀地；angrily愤怒地；carelessly粗心地；carefully小心地。根据“Jimmy had let the bulb slip (滑落) through his fingers”可知，这里是因为粗心导致灯泡掉了下来。故选C。
21. 句意：他回到工作台，又开始工作，做另一个灯泡。
fan风扇；bulb电灯泡；phone电话；book书。根据“Jimmy had let the bulb slip (滑落)”可知，这里是做灯泡。故选B。
22. 句意：在那里，它躺在制造者面前的桌子上，完全完成了。
leaned学；held持有；put放；lay放置，根据“on the table in front of its maker,”可知，灯泡就在制造者的面前，使用lay。故选D。
23. 句意：他又给了这个年轻人一次机会。
chance机会；hand手；reason原因；talk说话。根据“Jimmy did not break it,”可知，这里给年轻人的是机会。故选A。
24. 句意：不是记忆的力量，而是相反的力量，忘记的力量，是我们存在的必要条件。
receive接收；remember回想起；keep保持；improve改进。根据“but its very opposite, the power to forget,”可见此处使用forget的相反意义的词remember。故选B。
25. 句意：生命太短，没有人是完美的。
strong坚强的；nice美好的；bad令人不快的；perfect完美的。根据“If we can forgive those who have hurt us, we will have a better life.”可知，此处指没有人是完美的。故选D。
Ⅲ. 阅读理解（共40分）
26-30 DCBAA 31-35 BAADA 36-40 BDBCD
41-45 CBEDA 46-50 BDCAF
【解析】
26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. A
【导语】本文主要介绍了《大英百科全书》。
26. 细节理解题。根据“What’s the largest animal in the world Where is Denmark Who made the first pizza ”和“To answer these questions, you may need an encyclopedia”可知 ABC三个问题都可以在《大英百科全书》中找到，故选D。
27. 细节理解题。根据“From the 18th century to the early 20th century, articles in Encyclopedia Britannica were long and hard to understand. But later, more and more common people began to use Encyclopedia Britannica. Because the articles became shorter and easier to read.”可知是因为一开始《大英百科全书》里面的文章不容易理解，故选C。
28. 细节理解题。根据“To buy the Encyclopedia Britannica, you have to spend around 1,400 dollars (about 11,200 yuan). It also has a CD-ROM version (版本) which costs about 50 dollars.”可知购买《大英百科全书》大约需要花费1400美元，CD-ROM版本需要大约50美元。所以一共需要大约1450美元，故选B。
29. 细节理解题。根据“In 1994 Encyclopedia Britannica was first put online.”可知1994年，《大英百科全书》首次上线，距今大约29年了，故选A。
30. 最佳标题题。根据“Encyclopedia Britannica is a good choice (选择).”以及全文可知，本文主要介绍了《大英百科全书》。故选A。
31. B 32. A 33. A 34. D 35. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同的国家关于数字的文化是不尽相同的，告诉我们在某些文化中，人们不需要数字。
31. 推理判断题。根据“Many people think that numbers and math are the same all over the world. But scientists have discovered that it is not true.”可知，许多人认为数字和数学在世界各地都是一样的。但是科学家们发现事实并非如此。作者通过使用四个问题来吸引读者的兴趣。故选B。
32. 细节理解题。根据“In China, people count by using different finger positions.”可知，在中国，人们用不同的手指位置来计数。故选A。
33. 细节理解题。根据“However, they are still able to understand different ideas about numbers.”可知，然而，他们仍然能够理解关于数字的不同想法。故选A。
34. 细节理解题。根据第四段“They could learn, but it’s not useful in their culture, so they’ve never picked it up.”可知，他们可以学数数，但是在他们的文化里，那是没用的，所以他们也不学，故选D。
35. 主旨大意题。根据第四段“Besides ways of finger counting, scientists have found that cultures and languages are also different when it comes to numbers. Some languages have only a few words for numbers, and others have no words for numbers.”可知这篇短文中作者给我们介绍的是关于数字和数学，不同的文化有不同的观点，不同文化的国家里，人们数数的方式是不同的，有些国家里根本没有表示数字的单词，他们不用数字来数数，但是他们同样理解关于数字的想法，故数字和数学并不是一回事。故选A。
36. B 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. D
【导语】短文主要讲了一种新发明“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。
36. 主旨大意题。短文主要讲了Swadesh Chaudhuri和Derek Lovely发明了一种新型“细菌电池”，这种电池的能量从吃糖的细菌中获取并将其转化为电能，并具体介绍了这种电池的优缺点。故选B。
37. 细节理解题。根据第五段“The bacteria battery could become as small as a household battery. It is also cheap and stable”可知，这种电池便利，便宜且稳定；通过第六段“But the sugar-to-electricity process is not satisfactory”，可知糖电转换过程很慢。故选D。
38. 推理判断题。根据第六段“it could take weeks for the bacteria to change a cup of sugar into electricity. And it produces “greenhouse” gases which pollute the environment.”可知，糖电转换过程很慢以及产生污染环境的“温室”气体；通过选项对比可知，B选项是科学家们致力于提高的方面。故选B。
39. 推理判断题。根据原句说我们现在的情况是20年或30年前太阳能的情况，太阳能技术在二三十年前也是效率不高并且弊端很多，而现在太阳能技术已经很普及了，说明这种新型电池有很大的提升空间。故选C。
40. 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，电池将用于海底的科学设备，其他的想法包括使用血液中的糖来运行人体内的医疗设备，以及从动物提取糖，为农村地区的家庭提供能源。通过选项可知，潜水员，农民和医生都会用上这种电池；而建筑师有可能认为电池没那么有用。故选D。
41. C 42. B 43. E 44. D 45. A
【导语】短文就该不该让孩子使用电脑提出了自己的看法和建议，指出学习和工作都离不开电脑，但如果沉迷于电脑，就会影响孩子的学习，家长应该和孩子一起使用电脑，享受快乐的亲子体验。
41. 根据下文“Some of them are ‘I don’t want my kid on the computer; Am I right not letting him use it ’ ‘Should I allow him to play for so long ’, and ‘When should I say no ’”，可知都是和电脑相关的问题；选项C“但作为父母，我们发现自己也在问同样的问题”符合语境，故选C。
42. 根据空前一句“A lot of parents believe they shouldn’t let their kids use computers”，可知他们想让孩子们去做别的事情；选项B“他们认为孩子们应该做其他的事情，比如骑自行车或和朋友出去玩”符合语境，故选B。
43. 根据下文“It can play a big role in the development of our kids... Kids can use it to draw pictures, read books, listen to music or play games just like any other toy”，可知这里是说没有必要阻止孩子使用电脑；选项E“嗯，我们不应该阻止我们的孩子使用电脑”符合语境，故选E。
44. 根据空后一句“Kids can know what is happening around them, and read wonderful facts about anything that interests them”，可知孩子们能从网络上获取很多有用的信息；选项D“如果使用得当，它可以为我们的孩子提供很多信息”符合语境，故选D。
45. 根据空后一句“Don’t let the Internet turn into something that just helps you to take care of your kid”，可知作者建议家长们和孩子们一起使用电脑；选项A“让你的孩子和你一起享受这种体验”符合语境，故选A。
46. B 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. F
46. 根据Frank喜欢关于历史的书籍并对中国文化和传统感兴趣。想要了解更多中国古代的发明。和B项中百科全书提供历史上重大发明的信息相匹配。选B。
47. Molly喜欢画画和音乐。希望能成为画家还加入了学校合唱队。和D项中介绍作曲家生平，免费下载动听的音乐信息相匹配。选D。
48. Kate是流行音乐迷，专业是西方艺术。唱歌好绘画精。她需要关于著名画家和他们作品的信息。和C项中提供艺术家的详细信息还有照片可供参考。能更好了解艺术世界。选C。
49. Lorry钦佩英雄，常读战争故事书籍。想要写二战中关于丘吉尔的评论。和A项中提供名人的生平故事和成就信息相匹配。选A。
50. Lisa的家庭作业是关于英语的变化。她需要查找英语单词在意思和拼写方面的变化并解释原因。和F项中提供英语单词的拼写和意思的信息相匹配，选F。
Ⅳ. 词形填空（共10小题，每小题1分）
51. won 52. challenging 53. the most popular 54. distant 55. wisdom
56. creative 57. inventions 58. incorrectly 59. introduced 60. independently
【解析】
51. 考察动词过去式。句意：马丁·路德·金为种族平等做了很多贡献，所以他在1964年获得了诺贝尔和平奖。
52. 考察keep doing sth.用法。句意：约翰希望他能在大学里保持好奇心和学习习惯，不断挑战自己，成为一个更好的人。
53. 考察one of后面的形容词用最高级形式。句意：当时，没有多少人知道这本书。然而，它是20世纪最受欢迎的儿童读物之一。
54. 考察形容词。句意：当一些地方发生地震或洪水时，这些灾难的消息可以在几小时内从遥远的国家带来帮助。
55. 考察名词。句意：珠算是中国人智慧的象征，但在21世纪，随着世界的快速发展，它已经失去了它的作用。
56. 考察形容词。句意：研究结果表明，如果一个家庭中的独生子女得到父母的充分关注，并且可以自由地发展自己，他们更可能变得具有创造力的和自信的。
57. 考察名词复数。句意：曾经，一个假期意味着到户外去享受生活，但现在越来越多人因为智能手机和许多其他现代发明而宅在家里。
58. 考察副词。句意：当我们没有正确拼写单词时，它会造成混乱，使文章更难以阅读。
59. 考察动词过去式。句意：李小龙的电影将传统香港功夫电影推向了一个新的高度，并将功夫介绍给了数百万的西方人。
60. 考察副词。句意：我们的“阅读时间”活动旨在鼓励家庭继续一起阅读，即使他们的孩子已经开始独立阅读。
Ⅴ. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分）
61. an 62. fifth 63. to calculate 64. oldest 65. is
66. of 67. moving 68. However 69. easily 70. schools
【解析】
61. 句意：它是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，被誉为中国第五大发明。根据“It is... important part”可知，此处表泛指，用不定冠词，“important”是以元音音素开头的单词，用“an”修饰。故填an。
62. 句意：它是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，被誉为中国第五大发明。根据“it is known as China’s… great invention”并结合英文提示词可知，此处表达“第五”，填序数词，five的序数词是fifth。故填fifth。
63. 句意：人们使用算盘以更快的速度计算，因此它被称为“世界上最古老的计算机”。use sth. to do sth.“使用……做……”，此处填动词不定式作目的状语。故填to calculate。
64. 句意：人们使用算盘以更快的速度计算，因此它被称为“世界上最古老的计算机”。根据“in the world”可知，此处用形容词的最高级，old的最高级是oldest。故填oldest。
65. 句意：要正确使用算盘，你必须知道一些事情。根据“It usually has more than...”可知，空格处为一般现在时，主语是“something”,谓语用is。故填is。
66. 句意：珠子通常是圆形的，由木头制成。be made of“由……制成”，原材料看得见。故填of。
67. 句意：我们通过朝着横梁上下移动珠子来计算珠数。“by”是介词，后接动名词。故填moving。
68. 句意：然而，如果您将它们移离梁，则无法计算它们的值。分析空格前后句可知，此处构成转折，其后有逗号，用“however”，置于句首，首字母要大写。故填However。
69. 句意：算盘可以很快重置到起始位置，这样你就可以很容易地重新开始计数了。空格处修饰动词count，填副词，easy的副词是easily。故填easily。
70. 句意：今天，算盘的使用仍然是一些小学数学的一部分。“some”后接可数名词复数，school的复数是schools。 故填schools。
Ⅵ. 书面表达（15分）
One possible version:
Last Friday, our school held a science festival. All the students had a really good time in it.
Two thirds of the students went to the cinema. They watched a film about the inventor Edison. The rest of the students attended the robot competition. These robots have different shapes. Some robots are as big as cars. Some are as small as cups. Some robots can answer the students’ questions. This reduces the use of computers and mobile phones. Some robots are like snakes. If the buildings fall down, the robots can help look for people under the buildings.
I’m amazed at how fast technology is developing in China. I am proud of China.
I can’t wait to see the science festival next year.
【总体分析】
①题材：本文是一篇记叙文， 为材料作文
②时态：一般过去时为主
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生注意不要遗漏要点，并注意适当添加细节，突出写作要点。
【与作步骤】
第一步，介绍学生看电影的情况；
第二步，介绍学生参加机器人比赛的情况；
第三步，介绍自己参加活动的感受。
