2023—2024学年度高三年级第一次联考
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束会，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What meal does the man think is the most important
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.
2. What will the woman do next
A. Speak to the audience. B. Clap for a performance. C. Sing in the choir.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The news: B. The weather. C. The environment.
4. What might the man be
A. A reporter. B. An actor. C. A lawyer.
5. How much is each ticket probably
A. $100. B. $50. C. $25.
第二节（每小题1. 5分，共22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man want to leave the city
A. It’s too busy. B. It’s too noisy. C. It’s too inconvenient.
7 How might the woman feel about living in the city
A. Delighted. B. Hesitant. C. Bored.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What kind of strange weather occurred two years ago
A. Severe fog. B. A huge snowstorm. C. A force 10 hurricane.
9. What does the woman think of the man
A. He is strange. B. He is interesting. C. He is pessimistic.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man’s problem
A. The accommodation is full.
B. The coming group is too big.
C. The weather is bad.
11. How many people are there in the group from the east
A. 14. B. 6. C. 3.
12. What does the hotel have
A. Extra towels. B. Extra tents. C. Extra blankets.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman think the smell is like
A. Fruit. B. Vegetables. C. Tea.
14. Where is the smell coming from according to the man
A. The paint. B. Students’ meal. C. Chemicals in the lab.
15. What does the man suggest they should do
A. Tell the headmaster. B. Open windows. C. Call the police.
16 Where are the speakers
A. In the canteen. B. In the science building. C. In the language building.
听第 10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker probably doing
A. Giving a speech. B. Doing a news report. C. Commenting on a film.
18. How does the speaker feel about Black History Month
A. Angry. B. Uncomfortable. C. Proud.
19. When did Martin give the talk “I Have a Dream”
A. I n 1954. B. 1 n 1963. C. In 1968.
20. What did Martin help make welcome to black people
A. Restaurants. B. Schools. C. Buses.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Stargazing Festivals in 2023
As more areas grow brighter with light pollution, national parks across the country have become dark-sky havens. Over the years, they are making a push to get certified as havens for sky-watching by the International Dark Sky Association, and they even host events like stargazing festivals to get travelers excited about astronomy.
·Bryce Canyon National Park—June 14-17
Situated in southern Utah, Bryce Canyon earned its dark-sky title in 2019. The 35,835-acre park is an ideal place to stay up late. This year, its annual astronomy festival includes guided stargazing sessions, lectures and “star stories” presentations, family-friendly activities, and even a performance by strings musicians in the northern Arizona-based Dark Sky Quartet.
·Shenandoah National Park—August 11-13
Conveniently located within a day’s drive from two-thirds of Americans, Shenandoah National Park’s night sky festival is a low-lift way to dabble in astronomy. The nearly 200,000-acre park will host ranger talks, public stargazing sessions, lectures, presentations, and activities for kids. Staffers are still working on this year’s full schedule, but past events have covered topics ranging from space weather to nocturnal(夜间的) creatures.
·Great Basin National Park—September 14-16
Great Basin is one of the least crowded national parks, making it the perfect place to quietly appreciate the mysteries of the cosmos. Its annual astronomy festival is scheduled for this fall and includes guest speakers, constellation talks, observatory tours, and a photography workshop. During the festival’s unique “Art in the Dark” program, participants will get to paint in low-light conditions and experiment with how their eyes perceive color.
·Joshua Tree National Park—October 13-14
Joshua Tree National Park, as the International Dark Sky Association notes, is the “nearest convenient place to go stargazing under a relatively dark sky” for the 18 million people who live in the Los Angeles area. It became an official dark sky park in 2017, and each year, it hosts a night sky festival in the fall. As luck would have it, this year’s dates overlap with an annular “ring of fire” solar eclipse. From Joshua Tree, the moon will appear to obscure between 70 and 80 percent of the sun.
1. What is the purpose of Stargazing Festivals
A. To raise public interest in astronomy.
B. To call for action against light pollution.
C. To provide a platform to observe stars.
D. To collect money for more observatories.
2. Where should you go if you want to experience working in low-light conditions
A. Bryce Canyon National Park. B. Shenandoah National Park.
C. Great Basin National Park. D. Joshua Tree National Park.
3. What might be a bonus to visitors to Joshua Tree National Park during the festivals
A. An observatory tour. B. A photography workshop.
C. A stargazing tour. D. A solar eclipse.
B
The Importance of a Child’s Gift
On the first day of fourth grade, my teacher, Mrs. Brown, told my class a story about her husband Rob, who is a brain cancer survivor. She talked about their journey through his treatment and recovery. After what Mrs. Brown experienced with Rob’s illness, she decided to devote part of her life to helping people in similar situations. She told us about a local organization she was a part of called Be Head Strong (BHS), which works to support and comfort families with a member suffering from brain cancer. Her strength and attitude toward her situation inspired me and led me to realize some significant lessons about love and hope.
One day, when I was looking at the money that I had saved, I thought about the stories Mrs. Brown had told us, about Rob and all the other remarkable people she worked with through BHS. I decided that was where I wanted my money to go.
As the last day of school approached, I wrapped the heart-shaped box full of dollars and coins. After all the other kids had left on the last day of school, I handed Mrs. Brown the present. As she opened it, I told her that I wanted the money to go to BHS to help people like Rob. She broke into tears and hugged me tightly.
I was invited to BHS’s annual fundraiser and auction. The night’s theme was hope and giving. The auctioneer told everyone the story of my gift to Mrs. Brown, the $131.30. At the end, he asked, “How many of you are willing to do what a fourth grade girl did and donate $131.30 ” At that point nearly everyone in the room raised their bidding numbers. At that moment I realized that the money I had donated had become something bigger than that.
Inspired by Mrs. Brown, I continued my fundraising through the years, starting fundraisers and helping with BHS events. The joy that I found in this organization never came from any recognition that I received for my action. I gained belief and hope from the people that I met and worked with in BHS. These events and experiences have shown me what love can bring in bad situations. I want to spend much of my life volunteering.
People may not always realize how big of an impact one kind gesture can make. Mrs. Brown sparked a decision in my life that has changed how I live.
4. What made the author better understand love and hope
A. Mrs. Brown’s love for her students.
B. The local organization’s contribution.
C. Mrs. Brown’s positive attitude towards hardship.
D. Rob’s journey through his treatment and recovery.
5. What did the author do for BHS
A. She presented the auctioneer with his gifts.
B. She participated in an auction and became a winner.
C. She donated her money and raised fund for the organization.
D. She made lectures to inspire those who lived with brain cancer.
6. What did the author value most in her voluntary experience
A. Belief and hope. B. Comfort and joy.
C. Love and recognition. D. Respect and confidence.
7. What can we conclude from this passage
A. Great hopes make great man. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. A small decision can make a big difference.
C
We all know that eating later in the day isn’t good for our waistlines, but why A new study weighed in on that question by comparing people who ate the same foods—but at different times in the day.
“We found that eating four hours later makes a significant difference for our hunger levels, the way we burn calories after we eat, and the way we store fat,” Vujovi said, a researcher at Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “Together, these changes may explain why late eating is associated with increased obesity risk reported by other studies and provide new biological insight into the underlying mechanisms.” The study provides support for the concept that circadian(生理节奏) rhythm, which influences key physiologic functions such as body temperature and heart rate, affects how our bodies absorb fuel, researchers said.
The study does show eating later results in “an increase in hunger, impacts hormones(荷尔蒙) and also changes gene expression, especially in terms of fat metabolism with a tendency towards less fat breakdown and more fat deposition,” said Dr. Bhanu Prakash Kolla, a professor of psychiatry and psychology at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and a consultant to Mayo’s Center for Sleep Medicine and Division of Addiction Medicine.
The study was small—only 16 overweight or obese people—but carefully planned to eliminate other potential causes of weight gain, the authors said. “While there have been other studies investigating why late eating associates with an increased risk for obesity, this may be the most well controlled, including strictly controlling the amount, composition and timing of meals, physical activity, sleep, room temperature and light exposure,” said senior author Frank Scheer, director of the Medical Chronobiology Program in the Brigham’s Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders. All participants were in good health, with no history of diabetes or shift work, which can affect circadian rhythm, and had regular physical activity. Each person in the study kept to a strict healthy sleep/wake schedule for about three weeks and were provided with prepared meals at fixed times for three days before the lab experiment began.
Results showed that hunger pangs doubled for those on a night-eating regime. People who ate later in the day also reported a desire for starchy and salty foods, meat and, to a lesser extent, a desire for dairy foods and vegetables. By looking at the results of blood tests, researchers were able to see why: Levels of leptin, a hormone which tells us when we feel full, were decreased for late eaters versus early eaters. In comparison, levels of the hormone ghrelin, which spikes our appetite, rose.
8. According to the passage, the following may contribute to the obesity except _________.
A. the breakdown of less fat
B. the changes in gene expression
C. the increase in the levels of leptin
D. the disturbance of the circadian rhythm
9. In Paragraph 4, the writer intends to _________.
A. highlight the results of the study
B. illustrate the process of the study
C. present the purpose of the study
D. demonstrate the reliability of the study
10. What does the underlined word “spike” in Paragraph5 most probably mean
A. Stimulate. B. Reduce. C. Maintain. D. Control.
11. What can we learn from the passage
A. Eating late accounts for obesity.
B. Obesity can be well controlled by eating late.
C. When you eat is irrelevant to how fat you are.
D. Eating late may impact the expression function.
D
It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful magazine cover story “I love My Children, I Hate My Life” is arousing much chatter — nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that bringing up a child is not a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be extremely hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment damage our moods can later be sources of intense content and delight.”
The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive — and newly single — mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.
In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation (繁衍), is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are encouraged to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the wide-open baby-size holes in their lives.
Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like US Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear celebrities tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.
It is hard to imagine that many people are stupid enough to want children because it looks so fantastic — most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it is interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting a part of the way celebrities live might make us look just a little bit like them.
12. Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring ________.
A. very temporary delight
B great enjoyment in progress
C. happiness in one’s memory
D. concern over love and hatred
13. Paragraph 2 is intended to show that ________.
A. celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.
B. single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.
C. news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.
D. having children is highly valued by the public.
14. According to the passage, those childless folks________.
A. are less likely to be satisfied with their life
B. are largely ignored by the media.
C. fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.
D. are constantly exposed to criticism.
15. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.
B. Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child raising.
C. Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.
D. We sometimes neglect the happiness from child raising.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-Improvement
Life can be a whirlwind of responsibilities and stress, but the right focus goes a long way towards ensuring you become a better person. ____16____ Keep reading to learn how you can go about your self-improvement journey.
____17____ Everyone needs something to live for, so think about what you want in life. Not only can struggling for something make you a happier and better person, but it can also help you find your purpose. Use a pen and paper and write down the short and long-term goals you would like to achieve.
Forgiving yourself and others can help you improve relationships. To be a better person, it’s important to have a go at forgiving any hatreds you’re holding. Allow yourself time to forgive your past mistakes and recognize what they’ve taught you. ____18____You may not be able to forget what they’ve done, that’s okay, but forgiveness can give you peace of mind.
Everyone has flaws, but you can concentrate on improving yours. Notice how your behavior and attitude affect others. Are people generally happy or sad around you ____19____
Answering these questions and analyzing your interactions with them can help you discover and perfect your weaknesses.
Imagine what someone’s been through can give you a new perspective. Empathy is one of the first steps to being a better person because it builds your compassion. Not only does cultivating empathy help you be more sensitive toward other people, but it also helps you form lasting relationships and feel less isolated. ____20____
A. Do friends come to you for help or advice
B. Then, forgive those who have hurt you in the past.
C. Are people around you talented in improving themselves
D. Learning from one’s mistakes is a step to forgiving oneself.
E. Positive aspirations can give you something to thrive for.
F. Being empathic helps you gain a friend while challenging your perspective.
G. There’s something you can do every day to better yourself in different ways.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a child my father taught me five words that I’ve used all my life — in my acting career, as a mother, in my business activities. If I ___21___ that I was afraid of the dark, or if I seemed worried about meeting new people, Dad would say, “Stand porter to your find.”
A porter is a gatekeeper, who stands at a door letting people in or out. Dad would get me to ___22___ myself stopping destructive things — such as fear — at the door, ___23___ saying. “Come in” to faith, love and self-assurance.
As an actress, before I went on camera, I’d make sure anxiety stayed out and confidence in my ability came in. As a mother, when I was ___24___ about my children, I would try not to let worry in but would ___25___ my mind with trust in them.
Of course, there were always times I’d ___26___ those words.
In 1972 my husband, Fillmore Crank, and I opened the doors to our own ___27___ in North Hollywood. This was a new business venture for us, and it was a lot more demanding and complicated than we had ___28___.
We were on call 24 hours a day. Something was always going ___29___. Electricity went on the blink, food wasn’t delivered, employees called in sick. Once a flu epidemic suddenly left us with no maids. Fillmore gave me a ___30___: scrub floors or do the laundry. For 10 days I folded enough king-size sheets to ___31___ the whole state of California.
Then — there was the ___32___ crisis. The price of gasoline doubled, and tourism in California ___33___. How could we fill our beds What if we kept losing money What if we failed Fear and worry were sneaking in. But I caught them just ___34___. I stood porter.
I stood in the door of my mind and sent fear packing.
These days at the hotel, whenever fear tries to ___35___, I just smile and point to the sign that reads No Vacancy.
21.
A. complained B. announced C. recalled D. decided
22.
A. busy B. involve C. send D. picture
23.
A. so B. and C. but D. or
24.
A. serious B. curious C. anxious D. cautious
25.
A. fill B. change C. read D. ease
26.
A eat B. twist C. exchange D. forget
27.
A. clinic B. hotel C. laundry D. restaurant
28.
A. figured B. confirmed C. deduced D. suggested
29.
A. sour B. missing C. wrong D. pale
30.
A. warning B. command C. choice D. solution
31.
A. serve B. touch C. decorate D. blanket
32.
A. credit B. energy C. identity D. family
33.
A. ceased B. recovered C. dropped D. boomed
34.
A on purpose B. in time C. at random D. by chance
35.
A. split B. register C. withdraw D. shelter
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er gained World Heritage Site status on the 45th Session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on Sunday, ___36___(become) China’s 57th entry on that list.
The newly-inscribed heritage site in Lancang Lahu autonomous county in Pu’er, Yunnan province ___37___(contain) 5 large-scale, well-preserved old tea forests. The landscape was jointly created by ancestors of Blang people as well as by the ancestors of Dai people.
___38___ the basis of longstanding practices, local people developed ___39___ under-story(树下) growing technique. That is to create ideal light conditions for the growing of tea trees through limited under-story cultivation while ___40___(prevent) insect hazards through the well-preserved forest ecosystem, so as to produce quality organic tea leaves without the ___41___(apply) of pesticides and chemical fertilizers.
___42___ UNESCO World Heritage Committee noted on the 45th Session: “It represents an ___43___(exception) testament to the under-story tea cultivation traditions that enabled the development of a complementary spatial distribution of different land uses.”
Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, vowed in Riyadh ___44___ China will strengthen efforts to better supervise the heritage site, face climate change, guide local communities to join in protection and regulate tourism ____45____(ensure) lastingly inherited outstanding universal values of the old tea forests.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是来自杭州的高中学生李华，得知杭州亚运会正在招募英语学生记者，请根据以下要点写一封自荐信申请该职位。
主要内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 申请理由(语言优势，性格优点等)；
3. 希望得到回复。
注意：1. 词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。
Once a man was driving down the road when he noticed an elderly lady stranded on one of the most deserted sections of the road. Even though the light was dim in the evening, the man saw that she needed some help. So, he parked his car in front of hers and approached her.
The older woman became concerned because no one had stopped to help her in the past few hours, and now this guy was approaching her with a grin. She became worried that the man would hurt her because he appeared poor and hungry.
The man could see she was scared and understood how she felt. “I’m here to help you, ma’am. My name is Bryan Anderson”, he continued, addressing her.
Despite her fear, the older woman told him that her car’s tire was flat.
“Maam, It’s cold outdoors; why don’t you wait inside my warm car while I change the tires,” the man replied.
Having said this, the man took his toolbox and began changing the flat tire of the Lady’s car. The man quickly replaced the tire. The older woman rolled down her car window and started talking to him as he finished.
She introduced herself, said she was from a far distant place and was passing through, and expressed her gratitude to him for helping her. After setting aside tools and a flat fire for her automobile, the man simply grinned as he shut the trunk.
“How much should I pay you ” asked the elderly Lady.
The man had no qualms about being paid because this was not his job. Instead, he was assisting her in her time of need.
He told her that if she genuinely wanted to repay him, she should help someone in need the next time she saw one. “And a t that time, think of it as payment for this deed of mine.” the man, added.
On the way back to her destination, the old Lady noticed a small cafe a few miles down the road. She pulled over and went in to relax and grab a bite before the final leg of her journey.
After she was seated, a waitress approached her and brought a clean towel to wipe her we t hair. The Lady noticed that the waitress was in the later stage of her pregnancy but still smiling and working hard.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Seeing this, the elderly Lady was lost in thought.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: While the waitress was wondering where the Lady was, she noticed some money and a note on the table.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023—2024学年度高三年级第一次联考
英语试题
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束会，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（每小题1.5分，共7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What meal does the man think is the most important
A. Breakfast. B. Lunch. C. Dinner.
2. What will the woman do next
A. Speak to the audience. B. Clap for a performance. C. Sing in the choir.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. The news: B. The weather. C. The environment.
4. What might the man be
A. A reporter. B. An actor. C. A lawyer.
5. How much is each ticket probably
A. $100. B. $50. C. $25.
第二节（每小题1. 5分，共22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man want to leave the city
A. It’s too busy. B. It’s too noisy. C. It’s too inconvenient.
7. How might the woman feel about living in the city
A. Delighted. B. Hesitant. C. Bored.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What kind of strange weather occurred two years ago
A. Severe fog. B. A huge snowstorm. C. A force 10 hurricane.
9. What does the woman think of the man
A. He is strange. B. He is interesting. C. He is pessimistic.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the man’s problem
A. The accommodation is full.
B. The coming group is too big.
C. The weather is bad.
11. How many people are there in the group from the east
A. 14. B. 6. C. 3.
12. What does the hotel have
A. Extra towels. B. Extra tents. C. Extra blankets.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What does the woman think the smell is like
A. Fruit. B. Vegetables. C. Tea.
14. Where is the smell coming from according to the man
A. The paint. B. Students’ meal. C. Chemicals in the lab.
15. What does the man suggest they should do
A. Tell the headmaster. B. Open windows. C. Call the police.
16. Where are the speakers
A. In the canteen. B. In the science building. C. In the language building.
听第 10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What is the speaker probably doing
A. Giving a speech. B. Doing a news report. C. Commenting on a film.
18. How does the speaker feel about Black History Month
A. Angry. B. Uncomfortable. C. Proud.
19. When did Martin give the talk “I Have a Dream”
A. I n 1954. B. 1 n 1963. C. In 1968.
20. What did Martin help make welcome to black people
A. Restaurants. B. Schools. C. Buses.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Stargazing Festivals in 2023
As more areas grow brighter with light pollution, national parks across the country have become dark-sky havens. Over the years, they are making a push to get certified as havens for sky-watching by the International Dark Sky Association, and they even host events like stargazing festivals to get travelers excited about astronomy.
·Bryce Canyon National Park—June 14-17
Situated in southern Utah, Bryce Canyon earned its dark-sky title in 2019. The 35,835-acre park is an ideal place to stay up late. This year, its annual astronomy festival includes guided stargazing sessions, lectures and “star stories” presentations, family-friendly activities, and even a performance by strings musicians in the northern Arizona-based Dark Sky Quartet.
·Shenandoah National Park—August 11-13
Conveniently located within a day’s drive from two-thirds of Americans, Shenandoah National Park’s night sky festival is a low-lift way to dabble in astronomy. The nearly 200,000-acre park will host ranger talks, public stargazing sessions, lectures, presentations, and activities for kids. Staffers are still working on this year’s full schedule, but past events have covered topics ranging from space weather to nocturnal(夜间的) creatures.
·Great Basin National Park—September 14-16
Great Basin is one of the least crowded national parks, making it the perfect place to quietly appreciate the mysteries of the cosmos. Its annual astronomy festival is scheduled for this fall and includes guest speakers, constellation talks, observatory tours, and a photography workshop. During the festival’s unique “Art in the Dark” program, participants will get to paint in low-light conditions and experiment with how their eyes perceive color.
·Joshua Tree National Park—October 13-14
Joshua Tree National Park, as the International Dark Sky Association notes, is the “nearest convenient place to go stargazing under a relatively dark sky” for the 18 million people who live in the Los Angeles area. It became an official dark sky park in 2017, and each year, it hosts a night sky festival in the fall. As luck would have it, this year’s dates overlap with an annular “ring of fire” solar eclipse. From Joshua Tree, the moon will appear to obscure between 70 and 80 percent of the sun.
1. What is the purpose of Stargazing Festivals
A. To raise public interest in astronomy.
B. To call for action against light pollution.
C. To provide a platform to observe stars.
D. To collect money for more observatories.
2. Where should you go if you want to experience working in low-light conditions
A. Bryce Canyon National Park. B. Shenandoah National Park.
C. Great Basin National Park. D. Joshua Tree National Park.
3. What might be a bonus to visitors to Joshua Tree National Park during the festivals
A. An observatory tour. B. A photography workshop.
C. A stargazing tour. D. A solar eclipse.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者列举了2023年四个国家公园的星空观测节活动。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“they even host events like stargazing festivals to get travelers excited about astronomy (他们甚至举办观星节等活动，让旅行者对天文学感到兴奋)”可知观星节的目的是提高公众对天文学的兴趣，故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Great Basin National Park—September 14-16部分的“During the festival’s unique “Art in the Dark” program, participants will get to paint in low-light conditions and experiment with how their eyes perceive color (在艺术节独特的“黑暗中的艺术”项目中，参与者将在弱光条件下绘画，并实验他们的眼睛如何感知颜色)”可知如果你想体验在弱光条件下的工作，你应该去大盆地国家公园，故选C。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据Joshua Tree National Park—October 13-14部分的“As luck would have it, this year’s dates overlap with an annular “ring of fire” solar eclipse (幸运的是，今年的日期与环形“火环”日食重叠)可知在节日期间，日食可能是约书亚树国家公园游客的额外奖励，故选D。
B
The Importance of a Child’s Gift
On the first day of fourth grade, my teacher, Mrs. Brown, told my class a story about her husband Rob, who is a brain cancer survivor. She talked about their journey through his treatment and recovery. After what Mrs. Brown experienced with Rob’s illness, she decided to devote part of her life to helping people in similar situations. She told us about a local organization she was a part of called Be Head Strong (BHS), which works to support and comfort families with a member suffering from brain cancer. Her strength and attitude toward her situation inspired me and led me to realize some significant lessons about love and hope.
One day, when I was looking at the money that I had saved, I thought about the stories Mrs. Brown had told us, about Rob and all the other remarkable people she worked with through BHS. I decided that was where I wanted my money to go.
As the last day of school approached, I wrapped the heart-shaped box full of dollars and coins. After all the other kids had left on the last day of school, I handed Mrs. Brown the present. As she opened it, I told her that I wanted the money to go to BHS to help people like Rob. She broke into tears and hugged me tightly.
I was invited to BHS’s annual fundraiser and auction. The night’s theme was hope and giving. The auctioneer told everyone the story of my gift to Mrs. Brown, the $131.30. At the end, he asked, “How many of you are willing to do what a fourth grade girl did and donate $131.30 ” At that point nearly everyone in the room raised their bidding numbers. At that moment I realized that the money I had donated had become something bigger than that.
Inspired by Mrs. Brown, I continued my fundraising through the years, starting fundraisers and helping with BHS events. The joy that I found in this organization never came from any recognition that I received for my action. I gained belief and hope from the people that I met and worked with in BHS. These events and experiences have shown me what love can bring in bad situations. I want to spend much of my life volunteering.
People may not always realize how big of an impact one kind gesture can make. Mrs. Brown sparked a decision in my life that has changed how I live.
4. What made the author better understand love and hope
A. Mrs. Brown’s love for her students.
B. The local organization’s contribution.
C. Mrs. Brown’s positive attitude towards hardship.
D. Rob’s journey through his treatment and recovery.
5. What did the author do for BHS
A. She presented the auctioneer with his gifts.
B. She participated in an auction and became a winner.
C. She donated her money and raised fund for the organization.
D. She made lectures to inspire those who lived with brain cancer.
6. What did the author value most in her voluntary experience
A. Belief and hope. B. Comfort and joy.
C. Love and recognition. D. Respect and confidence.
7. What can we conclude from this passage
A. Great hopes make great man. B. Actions speak louder than words.
C. A friend in need is a friend indeed. D. A small decision can make a big difference.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在老师布朗夫人的激励下，更好地理解了爱和希望，为一个名为“坚强起来”的组织募集资金和参加活动，布朗夫人让作者认识到一个小的决定可以造成很大的不同。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“After what Mrs. Brown experienced with Rob’s illness, she decided to devote part of her life to helping people in similar situations. She told us about a local organization she was a part of called Be Head Strong (BHS), which works to support and comfort families with a member suffering from brain cancer. Her strength and attitude toward her situation inspired me and led me to realize some significant lessons about love and hope.(在布朗夫人经历了罗布的疾病之后，她决定把她生命的一部分用来帮助处于类似情况的人。她告诉我们，她是当地一个名为“坚强起来”的组织的成员，该组织致力于支持和安慰患有脑癌的家庭成员。她的力量和对她处境的态度激励着我，让我意识到一些关于爱和希望的重要教训)”可知，布朗夫人对困难的积极态度让作者更好地理解了爱和希望。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“As she opened it, I told her that I wanted the money to go to BHS to help people like Rob.(她打开盒子时，我告诉她，我想把这笔钱捐给BHS，帮助像罗布这样的人)”以及倒数第二段中“Inspired by Mrs. Brown, I continued my fundraising through the years, starting fundraisers and helping with BHS events.(在布朗夫人的激励下，多年来我一直在筹集资金，开始筹集资金，并帮助BHS的活动)”可知，作者为BHS捐了钱，为该组织筹集了资金。故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“I gained belief and hope from the people that I met and worked with in BHS. (我从在BHS遇到和共事的人那里获得了信念和希望)”可知，作者在她的志愿经历中最看重的是信念和希望。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“People may not always realize how big of an impact one kind gesture can make. Mrs. Brown sparked a decision in my life that has changed how I live. (人们可能并不总是意识到一种姿态能产生多大的影响。布朗夫人在我生命中引发了一个决定，这个决定改变了我的生活方式)”可推知，一个小的决定可以造成很大的不同。故选D。
C
We all know that eating later in the day isn’t good for our waistlines, but why A new study weighed in on that question by comparing people who ate the same foods—but at different times in the day.
“We found that eating four hours later makes a significant difference for our hunger levels, the way we burn calories after we eat, and the way we store fat,” Vujovi said, a researcher at Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “Together, these changes may explain why late eating is associated with increased obesity risk reported by other studies and provide new biological insight into the underlying mechanisms.” The study provides support for the concept that circadian(生理节奏) rhythm, which influences key physiologic functions such as body temperature and heart rate, affects how our bodies absorb fuel, researchers said.
The study does show eating later results in “an increase in hunger, impacts hormones(荷尔蒙) and also changes gene expression, especially in terms of fat metabolism with a tendency towards less fat breakdown and more fat deposition,” said Dr. Bhanu Prakash Kolla, a professor of psychiatry and psychology at the Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and a consultant to Mayo’s Center for Sleep Medicine and Division of Addiction Medicine.
The study was small—only 16 overweight or obese people—but carefully planned to eliminate other potential causes of weight gain, the authors said. “While there have been other studies investigating why late eating associates with an increased risk for obesity, this may be the most well controlled, including strictly controlling the amount, composition and timing of meals, physical activity, sleep, room temperature and light exposure,” said senior author Frank Scheer, director of the Medical Chronobiology Program in the Brigham’s Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders. All participants were in good health, with no history of diabetes or shift work, which can affect circadian rhythm, and had regular physical activity. Each person in the study kept to a strict healthy sleep/wake schedule for about three weeks and were provided with prepared meals at fixed times for three days before the lab experiment began.
Results showed that hunger pangs doubled for those on a night-eating regime. People who ate later in the day also reported a desire for starchy and salty foods, meat and, to a lesser extent, a desire for dairy foods and vegetables. By looking at the results of blood tests, researchers were able to see why: Levels of leptin, a hormone which tells us when we feel full, were decreased for late eaters versus early eaters. In comparison, levels of the hormone ghrelin, which spikes our appetite, rose.
8. According to the passage, the following may contribute to the obesity except _________.
A. the breakdown of less fat
B. the changes in gene expression
C. the increase in the levels of leptin
D. the disturbance of the circadian rhythm
9. In Paragraph 4, the writer intends to _________.
A. highlight the results of the study
B. illustrate the process of the study
C. present the purpose of the study
D. demonstrate the reliability of the study
10. What does the underlined word “spike” in Paragraph5 most probably mean
A. Stimulate. B. Reduce. C. Maintain. D. Control.
11. What can we learn from the passage
A. Eating late accounts for obesity.
B. Obesity can be well controlled by eating late.
C. When you eat is irrelevant to how fat you are.
D. Eating late may impact the expression function.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，吃饭晚会对我们的饥饿程度、进食后燃烧卡路里的方式以及储存脂肪的方式都有显著影响。文章讲述了晚进食会导致“饥饿感增加，影响荷尔蒙，还会改变基因表达，特别是在脂肪代谢方面，有减少脂肪分解和增加脂肪沉积的趋势。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“The study provides support for the concept that circadian(生理节奏) rhythm, which influences key physiologic functions such as body temperature and heart rate, affects how our bodies absorb fuel, researchers said.”（研究人员说，这项研究支持了昼夜节律影响关键生理功能，如体温和心率，影响我们的身体如何吸收燃料的观点。）第三段中“The study does show eating later results in “an increase in hunger, impacts hormones(荷尔蒙) and also changes gene expression, especially in terms of fat metabolism with a tendency towards less fat breakdown and more fat deposition,””（这项研究确实表明，晚进食会导致“饥饿感增加，影响荷尔蒙，还会改变基因表达，特别是在脂肪代谢方面，有减少脂肪分解和增加脂肪沉积的趋势。”）可知，吃饭晚会影响基因表达，减少脂肪分解同时影响昼夜节律，选项C与文意不符，故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“The study was small—only 16 overweight or obese people—but carefully planned to eliminate other potential causes of weight gain, the authors said. “While there have been other studies investigating why late eating associates with an increased risk for obesity, this may be the most well controlled, including strictly controlling the amount, composition and timing of meals, physical activity, sleep, room temperature and light exposure,” ”（研究人员说，这项研究规模很小，只有16名超重或肥胖的人，但经过精心计划，消除了体重增加的其他潜在原因。“虽然已经有其他研究调查为什么晚进食会增加肥胖的风险，但这可能是控制得最好的，包括严格控制进食的数量、成分和时间、身体活动、睡眠、室温和光照。”）可知，这项研究尽管参与人员少，但是经过精心设计，消除了体重增加的其他潜在原因。所以本段的目的在于描述这个研究的可靠性。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前“By looking at the results of blood tests, researchers were able to see why: Levels of leptin, a hormone which tells us when we feel full, were decreased for late eaters versus early eaters.”（通过观察血液测试的结果，研究人员能够发现其中的原因：瘦素，是一种能够告诉我们什么时候感到饱的荷尔蒙。和早进食者体内的瘦素相比，晚进食者瘦素水平有所下降。）“In comparison, levels of the hormone ghrelin”（相比之下，生长激素释放肽的水平）及后文中“our appetite, rose”（我们的胃口，增加了）可推知，此处指“生长激素释放肽的水平会增加，促进我们的食欲”，所以划线词此处指“刺激，促进”，故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“The study does show eating later results in “an increase in hunger, impacts hormones(荷尔蒙) and also changes gene expression, especially in terms of fat metabolism with a tendency towards less fat breakdown and more fat deposition,””（这项研究确实表明，晚进食会导致“饥饿感增加，影响荷尔蒙，还会改变基因表达，特别是在脂肪代谢方面，有减少脂肪分解和增加脂肪沉积的趋势。”）可知，晚进食会改变基因表达，特别是在脂肪代谢方面，有减少脂肪分解和增加脂肪沉积的趋势，可推知，晚进食会导致肥胖。故选A。
D
It’s no surprise that Jennifer Senior’s insightful magazine cover story “I love My Children, I Hate My Life” is arousing much chatter — nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that bringing up a child is not a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be extremely hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment damage our moods can later be sources of intense content and delight.”
The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive — and newly single — mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.
In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation (繁衍), is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing It doesn’t seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children. Unhappy parents rarely are encouraged to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the wide-open baby-size holes in their lives.
Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like US Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear celebrities tell it, raising a kid on their “own” (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake.
It is hard to imagine that many people are stupid enough to want children because it looks so fantastic — most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But it is interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting a part of the way celebrities live might make us look just a little bit like them.
12. Jennifer Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring ________.
A. very temporary delight
B. great enjoyment in progress
C. happiness in one’s memory
D. concern over love and hatred
13. Paragraph 2 is intended to show that ________.
A. celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip.
B. single mothers with babies deserve greater attention.
C. news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining.
D. having children is highly valued by the public.
14. According to the passage, those childless folks________.
A. are less likely to be satisfied with their life
B. are largely ignored by the media.
C. fail to fulfill their social responsibilities.
D. are constantly exposed to criticism.
15. Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph
A. Having children contributes little to the glamour of celebrity moms.
B. Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child raising.
C. Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life.
D We sometimes neglect the happiness from child raising.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述的是抚养孩子和幸福的关系。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的“Senior suggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense conditionEven though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be extremely hard, Senior writes that “the very things that in the moment damage our moods can later be sources of intense content and delight.”.(Senior建议，我们需要重新定义幸福，而不是认为孩子让父母快乐或痛苦。我们不应该认为幸福是可以用每时每刻的快乐来衡量的，而应该把幸福视为一种过去式的状态。尽管抚养孩子的日子漫长难熬，令人筋疲力尽，但Senior写道:“正是那些心绪沉重的时刻，日后可能会成为我们快乐的来源。)”可知，Jennifer Senior在她的文章中建议抚养孩子可以带来记忆中的幸福，故选C。
【13题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段的“The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive – and newly single – mom Sandra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant” news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands.(在杂志封面上，一位迷人的母亲抱着一个可爱的婴儿，这并不是本周报摊上唯一一张麦当娜和孩子的照片。此外，还有关于刚当上养母和单身母亲的桑德拉·布洛克的故事，以及常见的“詹妮弗·安妮斯顿怀孕了”的新闻。实际上，每周至少有一位明星妈妈或准妈妈在报摊上微笑。)”可知，本段主要展示的是公众非常重视生孩子。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the wide-open baby-size holes in their lives(不但是那不幸福的没有孩子的人却为类似这样的信息所困扰：“孩子是世上唯一最可珍惜的东西”，显然，你们的不幸必须通过生儿育女才能得以消除。)”可知，那些没有孩子的人经常受到批评。故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“But it is interesting to wonder if the images we see every week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood aren’t in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experience, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting a part of the way celebrities live might make us look just a little bit like them.(但有趣的是，我们想知道，我们每周看到的无压力、提高幸福感的父母形象，是否在某种微小的、潜意识的方式导致了我们对实际体验的不满，就像我们中有一小部分人希望了解名人的生活方式，可能会让我们看起来有点像他们)”可知，从最后一段可以推断出明星妈妈影响了我们对抚养孩子的态度。故选B。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Self-Improvement
Life can be a whirlwind of responsibilities and stress, but the right focus goes a long way towards ensuring you become a better person. ____16____ Keep reading to learn how you can go about your self-improvement journey.
____17____ Everyone needs something to live for, so think about what you want in life. Not only can struggling for something make you a happier and better person, but it can also help you find your purpose. Use a pen and paper and write down the short and long-term goals you would like to achieve.
Forgiving yourself and others can help you improve relationships. To be a better person, it’s important to have a go at forgiving any hatreds you’re holding. Allow yourself time to forgive your past mistakes and recognize what they’ve taught you. ____18____You may not be able to forget what they’ve done, that’s okay, but forgiveness can give you peace of mind.
Everyone has flaws, but you can concentrate on improving yours. Notice how your behavior and attitude affect others. Are people generally happy or sad around you ____19____
Answering these questions and analyzing your interactions with them can help you discover and perfect your weaknesses.
Imagine what someone’s been through can give you a new perspective. Empathy is one of the first steps to being a better person because it builds your compassion. Not only does cultivating empathy help you be more sensitive toward other people, but it also helps you form lasting relationships and feel less isolated. ____20____
A. Do friends come to you for help or advice
B. Then, forgive those who have hurt you in the past.
C. Are people around you talented in improving themselves
D. Learning from one’s mistakes is a step to forgiving oneself.
E. Positive aspirations can give you something to thrive for.
F. Being empathic helps you gain a friend while challenging your perspective.
G. There’s something you can do every day to better yourself in different ways.
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. B 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自我提升的一些好的建议。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Life can be a whirlwind of responsibilities and stress, but the right focus goes a long way towards ensuring you become a better person.(生活可能是一场责任和压力的旋风，但正确的关注对确保你成为一个更好的人有很大帮助)”以及后文“Keep reading to learn how you can go about your self-improvement journey.(继续读下去，学习如何开始自我提升之旅)”可知，上文提到了成为更好的人，后文介绍如何开始自我提升，G选项中better yourself对应上文a better person。故G选项“你每天都可以做一些事情，以不同的方式让自己变得更好”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据后文“Everyone needs something to live for, so think about what you want in life. Not only can struggling for something make you a happier and better person, but it can also help you find your purpose. Use a pen and paper and write down the short and long-term goals you would like to achieve.(每个人都需要为之而活，所以想想你在生活中想要什么。为某件事奋斗不仅能让你变得更快乐、更好，还能帮助你找到自己的目标。用纸和笔写下你想要实现的短期和长期目标)”可知，本段讲的是设置目标，E选项中Positive aspiration something to thrive for与本段的something make you a happier and better person 相呼应，故E选项“积极的抱负能给你带来成长的动力”符合语境，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Allow yourself time to forgive your past mistakes and recognize what they’ve taught you.(给自己一点时间来原谅过去的错误，并认识到它们教会了你什么)”以及后文“You may not be able to forget what they’ve done, that’s okay, but forgiveness can give you peace of mind.(你可能无法忘记他们做过的事，这没关系，但宽恕可以让你内心平静)”可知，空前提到让自己有时间原谅你过去的错误，并认识到它们教给你的东西，后面提到也许你可能无法忘记他们做了什么，但宽恕可以让你内心平静，故可知，本句是在建议学会原谅，故B选项“然后，原谅那些在过去伤害过你的人”符合语境，故选B。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Everyone has flaws, but you can concentrate on improving yours. Notice how your behavior and attitude affect others. Are people generally happy or sad around you (每个人都有缺点，但你可以集中精力改善自己的缺点。注意你的行为和态度如何影响他人。你周围的人通常是快乐还是悲伤？)”可知，空前提到你周围的人通常是快乐的还是悲伤的，空后提到回答这些问题并分析与他们之间的互动可以帮助您发现和完善您的弱点。故可推断，空白处应该与朋友之间的互动有关，故A选项“朋友会向你寻求帮助或建议吗？”符合语境，故选A。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Not only does cultivating empathy help you be more sensitive toward other people, but it also helps you form lasting relationships and feel less isolated.(培养同理心不仅能帮助你对他人更敏感，还能帮助你建立持久的关系，减少孤独感)”可知，空前所提到的培养同理心不仅能够帮助你对他人更加敏感，还能帮助你建立更加持久的关系，减少孤立感，可是此处是在讲培养同理心的好处，故F选项“同理心可以帮助你在挑战自己观点的同时获得朋友”符合语境，故选F。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I was a child my father taught me five words that I’ve used all my life — in my acting career, as a mother, in my business activities. If I ___21___ that I was afraid of the dark, or if I seemed worried about meeting new people, Dad would say, “Stand porter to your find.”
A porter is a gatekeeper, who stands at a door letting people in or out. Dad would get me to ___22___ myself stopping destructive things — such as fear — at the door, ___23___ saying. “Come in” to faith, love and self-assurance.
As an actress, before I went on camera, I’d make sure anxiety stayed out and confidence in my ability came in. As a mother, when I was ___24___ about my children, I would try not to let worry in but would ___25___ my mind with trust in them.
Of course, there were always times I’d ___26___ those words.
In 1972 my husband, Fillmore Crank, and I opened the doors to our own ___27___ in North Hollywood. This was a new business venture for us, and it was a lot more demanding and complicated than we had ___28___.
We were on call 24 hours a day. Something was always going ___29___. Electricity went on the blink, food wasn’t delivered, employees called in sick. Once a flu epidemic suddenly left us with no maids. Fillmore gave me a ___30___: scrub floors or do the laundry. For 10 days I folded enough king-size sheets to ___31___ the whole state of California.
Then — there was the ___32___ crisis. The price of gasoline doubled, and tourism in California ___33___. How could we fill our beds What if we kept losing money What if we failed Fear and worry were sneaking in. But I caught them just ___34___. I stood porter.
I stood in the door of my mind and sent fear packing.
These days at the hotel, whenever fear tries to ___35___, I just smile and point to the sign that reads No Vacancy.
21.
A. complained B. announced C. recalled D. decided
22.
A. busy B. involve C. send D. picture
23.
A. so B. and C. but D. or
24.
A. serious B. curious C. anxious D. cautious
25.
A. fill B. change C. read D. ease
26.
A. eat B. twist C. exchange D. forget
27.
A. clinic B. hotel C. laundry D. restaurant
28.
A. figured B. confirmed C. deduced D. suggested
29.
A sour B. missing C. wrong D. pale
30.
A. warning B. command C. choice D. solution
31.
A. serve B. touch C. decorate D. blanket
32.
A. credit B. energy C. identity D. family
33.
A. ceased B. recovered C. dropped D. boomed
34.
A. on purpose B. in time C. at random D. by chance
35.
A. split B. register C. withdraw D. shelter
【答案】21. A 22. D 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者在父亲的影响下，战胜生活困难的几件事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我抱怨我怕黑，或者如果我看起来害怕结识新朋友，爸爸就会说：“站在门房旁边找到自己吧。”A. complained抱怨；B. announced宣布；C. recalled回忆；D. decided决定。根据下文“I was afraid of the dark”可知，这里指作者的抱怨自己怕黑。故选A。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸会让我想象自己在门口阻止破坏性的事情，比如恐惧，但是对真诚，爱和自信说“进来”。A. busy忙着做某事；B. involve涉及，使参加；C. send发送；D. picture想象。结合下文“myself stopping destructive things — such as fear — at the door…”可知，父亲会让作者想象，自己在门口阻止破坏性的事情，例如“害怕”这种情感。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意同上。A. so所以；B. and并且；C. but但是；D. or或者。上文“stopping destructive things”和下文“saying ‘Come in’ to faith, love and self-assurance”表示相反的情况，应用but连接，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个母亲，当我为我的孩子感到焦虑时，我会尽量不让担心进入我的脑海，而是让我的脑海里充满对他们的信任。A. serious严重的；B. curious好奇的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据下文的“worry”可知，此处指为孩子感到焦虑，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. fill装满，充满；B. change改变；C. read阅读；D. ease缓解，减轻。根据“I would try not to let worry in”和but可知，作者不让担忧进入自己的脑海，而是让脑海里充满对他们的信任，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当然，有时候我也会忘记这些话。A. eat吃；B. twist 扭曲；C. exchange交换；D. forget忘记。上一段作者描述了自己遵循父亲的话的情况，故此处指有时候作者也会忘记这些话，故选D。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：1972年，我和丈夫Fillmore Crank在北好莱坞开了我们自己的酒店。A. clinic诊所；B. hotel酒店；C. laundry洗衣房；D. restaurant饭馆。通过后文的食物没有送到，电和雇员出问题，以及作者换床单推测，作者和丈夫开了他们自己的酒店。最后一段中“These days at the hotel”也是提示，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对我们来说是一项新的商业冒险，它比我们想象的要费力且复杂得多。A. figured认为；B. confirmed证实；C. deduced推断；D. suggested建议。根据“This was a new business venture for us”可知，这对他们来说是一次新的商业冒险，一切都比想象的要费力且复杂得多。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：总有事情出错。A. sour酸的；B. missing丢失的；C. wrong错误的；D. pale苍白的。根据下文“Electricity went on the blink, food wasn’t delivered, employees called in sick. Once a flu epidemic suddenly left us with no maids.(停电了，食物没有送到，员工打电话请病假。有一次流感突然爆发，我们找不到女佣了)”可知，总有事情出错，go wrong出差错，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Fillmore让我选择：要么擦地板，要么洗衣服。A. warning警告；B. command命令；C. choice选择；D. solution解决办法。根据下文“scrub floors or do the laundry”可知，丈夫让作者选择擦地板或洗衣服，故选C。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：整整10天，我叠的特大号床单足够铺满整个加州。A. serve服务；B. touch触摸；C. decorate装饰；D. blanket覆盖。此处夸张的手法，作者的特大号床单可以覆盖整个加利福尼亚州。故故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后是能源危机。A. credit信用；B. energy能源；C. identity身份；D. family家庭。根据下文“The price of gasoline doubled”可知，油价翻倍，故出现了能源危机，故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：汽油价格翻了一番，加州的旅游业也随之下滑。A. ceased停止；B. recovered恢复；C. dropped下降；D. boomed繁荣，迅速发展。根据“The price of gasoline doubled”和并列连词and可知，此处是描述负面情况，指旅游业下降，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查固定短语辨析。句意：但我及时控制住了它们。A. on purpose故意；B. in time及时；C. at random随意；D. by chance偶然。根据“I stood porter.”可知，作者及时控制住了害怕和担忧，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天在酒店里，每当恐惧想要登记时，我只是微笑着指着写着“没有空缺”的告示牌。A. split使分开；B. register登记；C. withdraw撤回；D. shelter躲避。这里用了“双关”的写作手法：一说自己没有空房，二是说自己不让害怕降临（登记入住）；并且旅馆都是要登记的，故选B。
第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er gained World Heritage Site status on the 45th Session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on Sunday, ___36___(become) China’s 57th entry on that list.
The newly-inscribed heritage site in Lancang Lahu autonomous county in Pu’er, Yunnan province ___37___(contain) 5 large-scale, well-preserved old tea forests. The landscape was jointly created by ancestors of Blang people as well as by the ancestors of Dai people.
___38___ the basis of longstanding practices, local people developed ___39___ under-story(树下) growing technique. That is to create ideal light conditions for the growing of tea trees through limited under-story cultivation while ___40___(prevent) insect hazards through the well-preserved forest ecosystem, so as to produce quality organic tea leaves without the ___41___(apply) of pesticides and chemical fertilizers.
___42___ UNESCO World Heritage Committee noted on the 45th Session: “It represents an ___43___(exception) testament to the under-story tea cultivation traditions that enabled the development of a complementary spatial distribution of different land uses.”
Li Qun, director of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, vowed in Riyadh ___44___ China will strengthen efforts to better supervise the heritage site, face climate change, guide local communities to join in protection and regulate tourism ____45____(ensure) lastingly inherited outstanding universal values of the old tea forests.
【答案】36. becoming
37. contains
38. On 39. an
40. preventing
41. application
42. The 43. exceptional
44 that 45. to ensure
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国的普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观被列入世界遗产名录，它是中国第57个入选该名录的项目，还介绍了该文化景观的特色和价值。
【36题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：周日，在沙特阿拉伯利雅得举行的联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会第45届会议上，普洱景麦山古茶林文化景观被列为世界遗产，成为中国的第57个世界遗产。该句的谓语是gained，空处应用非谓语动词，动词become与其逻辑主语The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填becoming。
【37题详解】
考查时态和主谓一致。句意：位于云南省普洱市澜沧拉祜族自治县新列入世界文化遗产名录，包含5片规模宏大、保存完好的古茶林。根据句意可知，此处描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。因为主语The newly-inscribed heritage site是单数形式，主谓一致，故填contains。
【38题详解】
考查介词。句意：在长期实践的基础上，当地人发展了一种林下茶种植技术。on the basis of“在……的基础上”为固定搭配。句首单词首字母应大写，故填On。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在长期实践的基础上，当地人发展了一种林下茶种植技术。此处technique为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词表泛指，所连接的单词under-story的发音以元音因素开头，故填an。
【40题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：通过有限的林下种植，这（种植技术）为茶树的生长创造了理想的光照条件，同时（种植技术）利用保存完好的森林生态系统防止了病虫害，从而在不使用农药和化肥的情况下生产出优质的有机茶叶。此处是while引导的状语从句的省略，动词prevent和其逻辑主语That之间是主动关系，that指代上文提到的under-story(树下) growing technique，且此处表示种植技术正在防止病虫害，while引导的从句完整句子为while that is preventing，当主句和从句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。故填preventing。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：也就是说，通过有限的林下种植，为茶树的生长创造了理想的光照条件，同时利用保存完好的森林生态系统防止病虫害，从而在不使用农药和化肥的情况下生产出优质的有机茶叶。根据空前the可知，此处应用名词application（不可数）作宾语。故填application。
【42题详解】
考查冠词。句意：联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在第45届会议上指出:“它代表了下层茶树种植传统的杰出证明，这种传统使不同土地用途的互补空间分布得以发展。” 根据空后UNESCO World Heritage Committee可知，此处表示特指，应用表示特指的冠词the。句首单词首字母应大写，故填The。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会在第45届会议上指出:“它代表了下层茶树种植传统的杰出证明，这种传统使不同土地用途的互补空间分布得以发展。”分析句子结构可知，修饰名词testament应用形容词。故填exceptional。
【44题详解】
考查连接词。句意：国家文物局局长李群在利雅得表示，中国在强化对遗产地的规划管控、应对气候变化、引导当地社区参与保护和规范旅游业，确保古老茶园的突出普遍价值得到永久传承。根据vowed和空后内容以及分析句子结构可知，此处缺少连接词引导vowed的宾语从句，宾语从句中不缺少成分，且句意完整，因此空处应用无任何意义，只起连接作用的that引导。故填that。
【45题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：国家文物局局长李群在利雅得表示，中国在强化对遗产地的规划管控、应对气候变化、引导当地社区参与保护和规范旅游业，以确保古老茶园的突出普遍价值得到永久传承。根据句意可知，空处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to ensure。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假设你是来自杭州的高中学生李华，得知杭州亚运会正在招募英语学生记者，请根据以下要点写一封自荐信申请该职位。
主要内容包括：
1. 写信的目的；
2. 申请理由(语言优势，性格优点等)；
3. 希望得到回复。
注意：1. 词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sir/Madam,
Knowing you are in need of student journalists for the coming Hangzhou Asian Games, I’m writing to apply for the post.
I have a good command of English which will surely help me communicate with foreigners. In addition, I enjoy cooperating with others and am easy to get along with. More importantly, I once worked as a reporter for the International Sports Games, making me exceptionally qualified for the job.
I would appreciate it if my application could be considered and I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours faithfully,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于得知杭州亚运会正在招募英语学生记者这一情况，根据以下要点写一封自荐信申请该职位。
【详解】1.词汇积累
擅长，精通：have a good command of→ be good at
此外：In addition → What’s more
相处融洽：get along with→ get on with
感谢：appreciate→ thank
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Knowing you are in need of student journalists for the coming Hangzhou Asian Games, I’m writing to apply for the post.
拓展句：Because I know you are in need of student journalists for the coming Hangzhou Asian Games, I’m writing to apply for the post.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I have a good command of English, which will surely help me communicate with foreigners.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】I would appreciate it if my application could be considered and I’m looking forward to your reply.（运用了连词if引导的条件状语从句。）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整短文。
Once a man was driving down the road when he noticed an elderly lady stranded on one of the most deserted sections of the road. Even though the light was dim in the evening, the man saw that she needed some help. So, he parked his car in front of hers and approached her.
The older woman became concerned because no one had stopped to help her in the past few hours, and now this guy was approaching her with a grin. She became worried that the man would hurt her because he appeared poor and hungry.
The man could see she was scared and understood how she felt. “I’m here to help you, ma’am. My name is Bryan Anderson”, he continued, addressing her.
Despite her fear, the older woman told him that her car’s tire was flat.
“Maam, It’s cold outdoors; why don’t you wait inside my warm car while I change the tires,” the man replied.
Having said this, the man took his toolbox and began changing the flat tire of the Lady’s car. The man quickly replaced the tire. The older woman rolled down her car window and started talking to him as he finished.
She introduced herself, said she was from a far distant place and was passing through, and expressed her gratitude to him for helping her. After setting aside tools and a flat fire for her automobile, the man simply grinned as he shut the trunk.
“How much should I pay you ” asked the elderly Lady.
The man had no qualms about being paid because this was not his job. Instead, he was assisting her in her time of need.
He told her that if she genuinely wanted to repay him, she should help someone in need the next time she saw one. “And a t that time, think of it as payment for this deed of mine.” the man, added.
On the way back to her destination, the old Lady noticed a small cafe a few miles down the road. She pulled over and went in to relax and grab a bite before the final leg of her journey.
After she was seated, a waitress approached her and brought a clean towel to wipe her we t hair. The Lady noticed that the waitress was in the later stage of her pregnancy but still smiling and working hard.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: Seeing this, the elderly Lady was lost in thought.
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Paragraph 2: While the waitress was wondering where the Lady was, she noticed some money and a note on the table.
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【答案】One Possible Version:
Seeing this, the elderly Lady was lost in thought. She wondered how someone with so little could be so kind and generous to a stranger until she remembered how Bryan, a stranger, had just helped her. She felt grateful for what the waitress did for her and decided to do something for her. After finishing her meal, the lady paid a hundred-dollar bill much higher than her bill amount. The waitress went inside to get change, but when she returned, the old lady had left.
While the waitress was wondering where the Lady was, she noticed some money and a note on the table. She read the note that was written by the old lady: “Thank you for your amazing services. You don’t owe me anything. Someone once helped me without expecting anything in return. If you truly want to repay me, pass on your kindness, and do not let this chain of love end with you.” There were four-hundred-dollar bills left under the napkin for the waitress. Her eyes were filled with tears. She was in desperate need of financial help with the baby coming soon. With the kindness from a stranger, she felt moved and knew everything would be fine. Also, she was determined to pass on the kindness to another in need.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述的是一位女士的车胎爆胎，深夜中一个陌生人帮她更换了轮胎，这位年长的女士想要给他一定的报酬作为感谢，而陌生人说如果真想回报他的话，那就去帮助下一位需要帮助的人，就在去往自己的目的地的途中，在一家小咖啡馆里，遇到一位已经怀孕后期的女服务员微笑着为她服务的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“看到这些，老妇人陷入了沉思。”和第二段首句内容“当女服务员正在想那位女士在哪里时，她注意到桌子上有一些钱和一张纸条。”可知，第一段可描写这位上了年纪的女士想的是什么，以及她是如何做的。
②由第二段首句内容“当女服务员正在想那位女士在哪里时，她注意到桌子上有一些钱和一张纸条。”可知，第二段可描写女服务员看到的纸条上写了什么，以及看到后的感受是什么。
2.续写线索：老妇人沉思——做出决定——留下费用和便条——女服务员感动——女服务员感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①想知道：wondered/wanted to know
②回来：returned/came back
③充满：be filled with/be full of
情绪类
①感激的：felt grateful/showed her gratitude
②感动的：moved/touched
【点睛】[高分句型1] She felt grateful for what the waitress did for her and decided to do something for her. （运用了what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] There were four-hundred-dollar bills left under the napkin for the waitress. （运用了过去分词短语作定语）
[高分句型3]. She was in desperate need of financial help with the baby coming soon. （运用了“with+宾语+宾补”结构）
