2023~2024学年度第一学期高一年级英语10月练习
时间90分钟,满分100分
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,35分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题2分,共20分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. That night, the two of them ___1___ side by side at their piano in the spacious living room. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud music filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, however, their happiness disappeared. One of their neighbors had left a ___2___ under their door complaining(抱怨)about the sound of the piano. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their ___3___ apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could invite them to come here for a ___4___ ” Dario asked.
They both loved the ___5___ . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts for their guests.
Finally, the day of the party ___6___ . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, ___7___ Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
She explained that the loud jazz music woke her out of bed that night and she worried they might play like this every night. So she wrote a short note. Hearing Mrs. Gilbert’s words, Dario’s mother smiled and said, ”I think maybe we ___8___ you an apology. I didn’t ___9___ how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.“
Mrs. Gilbert pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such ____10____ music.”
“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. They all laughed. Seeing the big smile on his mother’s face, he sensed a feeling of warmth and that they were home at last.
1. A. lay B. stood C. sat D. walked
2. A. report B. poster C. bill D. note
3. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audiences
4. A. party B. concert C. show D. play
5. A. experience B. performance C. idea D. action
6. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished
7. A. presented B. treated C. helped D. served
8. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe
9. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept
10. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一对母子搬入新家，非常高兴，在深夜弹起钢琴庆祝，却打扰了周围邻居，邻居留言抱怨投诉，母子积极回应，为邻居们办了一场派对来缓和邻里关系，并得到了邻居们的谅解。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，两人在宽敞的客厅里并排坐在钢琴前。A. lay躺着；B. stood站着；C. sat坐着；D. walked走路。根据下文“side by side at their piano in the spacious living room”可知，是坐在钢琴旁边弹琴，故选C项。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们的一个邻居在他们的门下留下了一张纸条，抱怨钢琴的声音。A. report报告；B. poster海报；C. bill法案；D. note纸条。根据下文“So she wrote a short note.”可知，是Mrs. Gilbert留下的纸条，故选D项。
【3题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那天早上晚些时候，达里奥建议他们给邻居写一封信，为他们的演奏道歉。A. neighbors邻居；B. friends朋友；C. relatives亲戚；D. audiences观众。根据上文“One of their neighbors had left a ___2___ under their door complaining(抱怨)about the sound of the piano”可知，是因为邻居抱怨他们弹琴，所以他们给邻居写信道歉，故选A项。
【4题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“也许我们可以邀请他们来这里参加派对？”达里奥问道。A. party派对；B. concert音乐会；C. show表演；D. play播放。根据下文“Finally, the day of the party ___6___”可知，他们是想邀请邻居参加派对，故选A项。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们都喜欢这个主意。A. experience经验；B. performance表现；C. idea主意；D. action行动。根据上文“Maybe we could invite them to come here for a ___4___ ”可知，邀请邻居参加派对是他们的主意，故选C项。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：终于，派对的日子到了。A. continued继续；B. arrived到达；C. passed通过；D. finished完成。根据上文“Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts for their guests.”可知，他们要办派对，发了邀请并进行了准备，结合“Finally, the day of the party”可知，是派对的日子到了，故选B项。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位名叫吉尔伯特夫人的女士送给达里奥的母亲一本肖邦的钢琴曲集。A. presented呈现，送；B. treated对待；C. helped帮助；D. served服务。根据上文“Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers.”可知，参加派对的人都送了礼物，而吉尔伯特夫人送了一本肖邦的钢琴曲集，故选A项。
【8题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：听到吉尔伯特夫人的话，达里奥的母亲微笑着说：“我想也许我们欠你一个道歉”。A. give给予；B. send发送；C. offer报价；D. owe欠。owe sb. an apology为固定短语，意为“该向某人道歉”，故选D项。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。A. realize认识；B. remember记住；C. understand理解；D. accept接受。根据下文“Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.”可知，达里奥的母亲向吉尔伯特夫人道歉，是因为当时没有意识到他们那么晚了还在弹钢琴，故选A项。
【10题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这些歌曲不是那么响亮的音乐”。A. sweet甜蜜；B. strange奇怪；C. funny搞笑；D. loud大声。根据下文“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said.”可知，空处是指音乐声音大，故选D项。
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If you live in northeastern China, you expect long, cold winters. People ___11___ (live) in Harbin don’t just stand the cold, however, they welcome it. The city is home to the Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture (雕塑) Festival, ___12___ is considered to be the largest ice festival in the world. Even with temperatures usually close to zero, thousands of people head to city parks ___13___ (see) great ice sculptures, many bathed in colored lights.
The festival includes several thousand ice sculptures. Some of these works are the recreations of castles, historic landmarks and famous people, lit up at night in bright colors. ___14___(visitor) can climb ice stairways and go down ice slides (滑坡). They can also take part ___15___ sporting events, including skating, ice football ___16___ well as ice swimming.
The city started ___17___ (it) icy event in 1963 with the Ice Lantern (灯笼) Garden Party, a ___18___ (celebrate) of the tradition of creating lanterns out of blocks of ice. The larger festival ___19___ (begin) in 1985 and added sculptures, which have grown in number and size over the years. As it has gotten bigger, the festival has become popular outside the city.
Officially, the festival _____20_____ (start) on January 5th and lasts over one month.
【答案】11. living
12. which 13. to see
14. Visitors
15. in 16. as
17. its 18. celebration
19. began 20. starts
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国哈尔滨国际冰雪雕塑节的发展历史、庆祝活动和持续时间。
【11题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：住在哈尔滨的人不仅忍受寒冷，然而，他们还欢迎寒冷。此处句子主语People和非谓语动词live之间是主动关系，live用现在分词作后置定语。故答案为living。
【12题详解】
考查非限制性定语从句。句意：哈尔滨是哈尔滨国际冰雪节的举办地，这被认为是世界上最大的冰雪节。此处the Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture (雕塑) Festival是先行词，指物，关系词替代先行词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，定语从句由关系代词which引导。故答案为which。
【13题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：即使气温通常接近零度，成千上万的人也会前往城市公园观看伟大的冰雕，许多冰雕都沐浴在彩灯下。此处是动词不定式作目的状语。故答案为to see。
【14题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：游客们可以爬上冰梯，也可以滑下冰滑梯。所给词visitor是可数名词，不止一个游客，这里是名词复数作主语，且首字母大写开头。故答案为Visitors。
【15题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：他们还可以参加体育赛事，包括滑冰、冰上足球和冰上游泳。动词短语：take part in“参加”。故答案为in。
【16题详解】
考查固定短语。句意：他们还可以参加体育赛事，包括滑冰、冰上足球和冰上游泳。固定短语：as well as“也，还有”。故答案为as。
【17题详解】
考查形容词性物主代词。句意：这座城市从1963年开始举办冰灯游园会，庆祝用冰块制作灯笼的传统。设空后面是名词词组icy event，由形容词性物主代词its修饰。故答案为its。
【18题详解】
考查名词。句意：这座城市从1963年开始举办冰灯游园会，庆祝用冰块制作灯笼的传统。名词所有格结构a ___8__ (celebrate) of the tradition可知，此处用单数名词，所给词celebrate是动词，其名词是celebration。故答案为celebration。
【19题详解】
考查时态。句意：规模更大的节日始于1985年，并增加了雕塑，这些雕塑的数量和规模都在逐年增长。根据时间状语in 1985可知，谓语动词begin用一般过去时。故答案为began。
【20题详解】
考查时态。句意：官方规定，节日从1月5日开始，持续一个多月。该句在描写一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时，且句子主语the festival是单数名词，谓语动词用动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为starts。
第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节, 40分)
第一节阅读理解(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Poetry Competition
Deadline
16th July，2020
Who may enter
The competition is open to anyone.
Description
The Ledbury Poetry Festival is the biggest poetry festival in the UK. It takes place over ten days each July. If you think you know what poetry is, come along and we'll surprise you. There are live readings, performances, music, exhibitions, films, family events and street events.
Each year we organize a famous competition for new poetry in partnership with Ty Newydd, the National Writers' Centre of Wales. It attracts entries from all over the globe. There are three groups: adults(18 + ) , young people(12-17) and children(under 12).
All poems must be the original works of the entrants and should not have been previously published, accepted for publication by magazines, or have entered in other competitions.
The length of each poem must be more than 40 lines.
The judge of the 2020 Ledbury Poetry Festival Poetry Competition is Liz Berry.
Entry fees
Adults: 5. 75 for the first poem, 3. 50 for each extra poem.
Children/Young People: The first poem free, 1. 75 for each extra poem.
Prizes
Adults' Prizes
First Prize: l,000 cash and a course at the National Writers' Centre of Wales
Second Prize: 500 cash
Third Prize: 250 cash
Young People's Prizes
First Prize: l00 cash
Second Prize: 50 cash
Third Prize: 25 cash
Children's Prizes
First Prize: 25 book token(购书券)
Second Prize: 15 book token
Third Prize: l0 book token
Website
Please visit https://www.poetry-festival, co. uk/ledbury-poetry-competition to learn more about the competition.
21. What do we know about the poetry competition from the text
A. It is held every two months. B. It awards all winners cash prizes.
C. It is open to worldwide competitors. D. It offers competitors lectures on poetry.
22. Which requirement should each poem meet
A. It should be written independently. B. It should contain at least 40 words.
C. It has won a prize in other competitions. D. It has been published by some magazines.
23. What is the entry fee for a 15-year-old entrant if he is sending 3 poems
A. 12.75. B. 9.25. C. 7. D. 3.5.
【答案】21 C 22. A 23. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一项诗歌比赛的基本情况和参赛注意事项。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Who may enter中的“The competition is open to anyone.(比赛向所有人开放。)”以及Description中的“It attracts entries from all over the globe. (它吸引了来自全球的参赛作品。)”可知，全世界任何感兴趣的人都可以参加该诗歌比赛，故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Description中的“All poems must be the original works of the entrants and should not have been previously published, accepted for publication by magazines, or have entered in other competitions.(所有诗歌都必须是参赛者的原创作品，并且不得事先出版，接受杂志出版或参加其他比赛。)”可知所有作品都必须由参赛者原创，故选A项。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Entry fees中的“Children/Young People: The first poem free, 1. 75 for each extra poem.(儿童/青年：第一首参赛作品免费， 额外每首诗歌为1.75磅。)”可知，15岁的参赛选手三个作品，第一个免费，另外两个每个要交1.75镑，共计需缴纳3.5镑，故选D项。
B
Traveling on an airplane can be a very tiring task even in the best of conditions, Sophie Murphy noticed an awful tension on a recent flight from Sydney to Melbourne. She first thought it was caused by typical bad-tempered passengers. But as the flight neared its end, it became obvious that something was very wrong.
A teenage boy with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症) who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew’s warnings over the loudspeaker that it was almost time to land. The pilot was forced to circle above the airport, delaying the landing—and angering people on the already tense flight.
As the boy’s elderly parents failed to persuade him to get off the floor and back into his seat, Murphy, who had been a teacher for more than 20 years, stood up and quickly headed to the back of the plane.
She found the boy in the passage between rows of seats, lying on his belly. She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him.
Minutes later, he allowed her to hold his hand—and then together they got properly back into airplane seats. Murphy asked for sick bags, and held them as the boy threw up several times. As she helped him clean up, she repeatedly told him everything would be okay and that they’d get through it together.
After the plane was finally able to land, no one was impatient to step off the flight as one might expect. Instead, calmed passengers—obviously following Murphy’s amazing example—allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. His parents tearfully thanked Murphy for what she had done, and a doctor sitting nearby also let her know he had even taken notes on her expert way of handling the situation.
24. Why was the landing delayed
A. Because a family ignored the warnings.
B. Because a boy refused to sit in his seat.
C. Because smoke was coming out of the engine.
D. Because the pilot had to change the destination.
25. Murphy successfully handled the “awful tension” by _______.
A. fighting against unfair treatment
B. calling on other passengers to join her
C. communicating with the boy
D. asking an experienced doctor to help
26. What changed the angry passengers’ attitude at last
A. The teacher’s efforts. B. The plane’s safe landing.
C. The crew’s behavior. D. The boy’s improvement.
27. Which of the following words can best describe Murphy
A. Generous and careful. B. Patient and energetic.
C. Wise and honest. D. Kind and cool-headed.
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了教师Sophie Murphy在飞机上帮助一位患有唐氏综合征的小男孩克服心理和身体的不适，使得飞机正常降落并获得全体乘客赞许的故事。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第二段“A teenage boy with Down syndrome(唐氏综合征)who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew's warnings over the loudspeaker when it was almost time to land. (一名患有唐氏综合征的少年和他的家人一起旅行，当飞机即将着陆时，他不顾空乘人员通过扩音器发出的警告，变得心烦意乱，不肯回到座位上。)”可知，是小男孩不可能坐在座位上的行为导致了飞机延迟降落。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中第五段“She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him. (她开始平静地和他聊天，问他的名字，他最喜欢的书，他最喜欢的角色。他告诉她他觉得不舒服，她试图安慰他。)”可知，是Murphy与男孩的沟通起了作用，使紧张，糟糕的局面得到了改观。故选C。
【26题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中最后一段“Instead, calmed passengers--obviously following Murphy's amazing example--allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. (相反，镇静下来的乘客——显然是在效仿Murphy的惊人榜样——让男孩和他的家人先离开，并在他们经过时对他们微笑。)”可知，乘客们是被Murphy的行为所感染，纷纷以她为榜样，才对男孩的态度发生改变并礼让他和他的家人先行下飞机。所以推断是Murphy的努力改变了愤怒的乘客的态度。故选A。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。从Murphy主动与男孩交谈可以推断她是一个友善的人，并从第五段中“She began chatting calmly with him(她开始平静地和他聊天)”可以推断出她是一个遇事冷静的人。故选D。
C
Our sense of smell which we normally take for granted, is nowadays being increasingly used for purposes which might surprise us if we realized them.
One area in which smells are created to achieve particular results is marketing. For some time producers have taken advantage of our sense of smell with regard to household goods.
When pleasant smells are passed through a store’s air conditioning system, people tend to spend more time in the store and buy more. For example, the smell of chocolate is used in sweet stores, while the smells of leather and perfume are used in clothes stores.
In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms— one filled with cleaned air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers. Eighty-four percent of the people preferred the shoes in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would have paid up to US $10 more for a pair.
Smells also have other uses. Research has shown that certain smells can help to calm anxious people and increase their feeling of safety. Smells such as that of flowers and pine forests might therefore be used to relax patients in doctors’ and dentists’ waiting rooms, and to make the environment more pleasant and less stressful to them.
Some companies are experimenting with different smells to produce different effects on their workers according to the time of day.
For example, early in the morning they might put the smell of lemon in the air conditioning system to wake people up. In the middle of the morning, when the atmosphere tends to become more tense (紧张的), the smell of wood could be used to calm people down. Before lunchtime the smell of melting butter would encourage people to go to lunch on time. After lunch, when people often begin to lose attention, the smell of mint would increase their watchfulness.
While some of these uses of smells may be helpful and effective, not everyone would agree with their use to control customers in stores. It has been suggested by consumers’ organizations that one way to avoid this new subconscious (下意识) pressure to buy is to go shopping when people are less likely to be influenced by smells.
28. We can conclude from the text that__________.
A. smells are widely used in different shops B. different smells can keep people feel happy
C. smells are effective if used in suitable cases D. hospitals take advantage of the sense of smell
29. What kind of smell is effective when the students are having a lesson according to the text
A. Butter. B. Leather. C. Wood. D. Mint.
30. The 4th paragraph proves that
A. pleasant smalls attract people’s attention to stores
B. people prefer the shoes with the smell of different flowers
C. right smells increase people’s view of the value of a product
D. people want to pay more money because of good smells
31. What does the underlined word ”them“ in Paragraph5 refer to
A. patients B. doctors C. smells D. waiting rooms
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. C 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了我们的嗅觉已经被用于一些令我们感到吃惊的用途中。
【28题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“When pleasant smells are passed through a store’s air conditioning system, people tend to spend more time in the store and buy more. For example, the smell of chocolate is used in sweet stores, while the smells of leather and perfume are used in clothes stores. (当令人愉快的气味通过商店的空调系统时，人们往往会在商店里呆更长的时间，买更多的东西。例如，巧克力的气味被用在糖果店，而皮革和香水的气味被用在服装店。)”可推知，如果在适当的情况下使用气味是有效的。故选C。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“After lunch, when people often begin to lose attention, the smell of mint would increase their watchfulness. (午饭后，当人们开始失去注意力时，薄荷的气味会增加他们的警觉。)”可推断学生上课时要集中注意力，所以薄荷的气味对于正在上课的学生是有效的，故选D。
【30题详解】
推理判断题，根据第四段“In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms— one filled with cleaned air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers. Eighty-four percent of the people preferred the shoes in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would have paid up to US $10 more for a pair. (在一项测试中，人们在两个房间里观看相同类型的鞋子——一个房间里空气清新，另一个房间里混合着花香。84%的人更喜欢房间里有花香的鞋子。事实上，许多人说他们愿意多花10美元买一双。)”可知正确的气味可以让人们愿意多花钱去购买产品，故本段证明了正确的气味增加了人们对产品价值的看法。故选C。
【31题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第五段“Smells such as that of flowers and pine forests might therefore be used to relax patients in doctors’ and dentists’ waiting rooms, and to make the environment more pleasant and less stressful to them. (因此，鲜花和松林的气味可能被用来让医生和牙医的候诊室里的病人放松，并使环境更愉快，减少他们的压力。)”可知，them指代的是上文提到的病人，故选A。
D
In 1968 Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson set an intelligence test for a class of primary school children at "Oak School" (an invented name) in San Francisco. The teachers were told that the intelligence test bad two purposes. Firstly it would measure the IQ of the children and secondly it would predict 20% of students who, no matter what their performance to date was like, would be likely to make the most progress during the next school year. The teachers were then told who the predicted top improvers would be.
At the end of the school year, eight months later, the intelligence test was carried out again and, perhaps not surprisingly, the results showed that the 20% of children who had been predicted to improve the most, did in fact do so. They showed, on average, an increase of 12 IQ points on the test, compared with an increase of only 8 points for the other children.
But the fact is that no results of any test were used to predict who would be the top performers. Instead, the lucky children who the teachers were told would be the top improvers were given this label as a matter of chance. This study shows that the label that you are given, and your interaction(互动) with others who notice that label, can have a big influence on the results that you achieve. This phenomenon(现象)has been called the Rosenthal effect. It is also known as the Pygmalion effect, related most famously to the George Bernard Show play Pygmalion , which shows the effect that two men have in changing an untidy flower girl into a well-spoken lady.
For ethical (道德的)reasons the researchers at "Oak School!" only concentrated on trying to produce positive results in the children's performance. However, it is worth asking yourself what the effects on 20% of students considered least likely to improve in the following school year might have been. A frightening thought.
32. What did the study find about the predicted top performers at the end of the school year
A. They showed more interest in tests. B. They really made the most progress.
C. They became less confident than before. D. They were as intelligent as the other children.
33. How were the top performers chosen
A. According to the teachers' judgement. B. Based on the test results.
C. By chance. D. Openly.
34. What can we infer about the 20% of students mentioned in the last paragraph
A. They might be willing to accept positive results.
B. They would likely have frightening thoughts.
C. They would likely make the least progress.
D. They might work much harder than before.
35. What is the text mainly about
A. The Rosenthal effect B. A play by Bernard Shaw.
C. A school in San Francisco. D. The labels given to children.
【答案】32. B 33. C 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了赏识教育的理论基础——罗森塔尔效应。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。由第二段中的At the end of the school year ... the results showed that the 20% of children who had been predicted to improve the most, did in fact do so可知，那个学年结束之后，研究发现那20%的孩子确实取得了最大的进步，和预测的一样。故选B。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的the top improvers were given this label as a matter of chance可知，这些研究者随机选择了那些被说成是进步最大的学生。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据全文，特别是最后一段首句和末句可推断，如果把这种赏识效应反其道用之：预言20%的学生取得进步的可能性最小，那么这种预言所带来的后果让人细思极恐。故选C。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。本文第一、二段介绍了实验的过程，第三、四段解释了实验的真相和效果，最后一段是作者对这一实验的反思。全文围绕罗森塔尔效应这一主旨展开。故选A。
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The beauty of confidence is that it is possible to learn it, no matter who you are! Follow these simple steps to be confident.
Consider your strengths and success.___36___When did you help others What are you good at When have you taken pride in yourselves What are you working hard for If you have difficulty thinking of your strengths and success, ask your family member or a close friend.
Have goals. Sitting around and doing nothing will make you feel worse. Start with a small goal.___37___You'Il get more confidence achieving a small goal. Once you've achieved many smaller goals, you can set bigger goals.
___38___Failure is the mother of success. When you fail, view it as a learning experience. Often we have to fail on our own to gain experience. By failing, you have at least taken a chance.
Pick a role model. Pick a role model that is always confident and always learn from them.
Study their action, their manners and how they communicate with others.___39___However, it's a great place to start. Smile. Confident people smile often, and without much reason.___40___It tells the people around you that you're comfortable in yourself and enjoying your time
A. Learn from failure.
B. Otherwise, you'll get discouraged.
C. Smiling is a friendly and open gesture.
D. After reaching a goal, reward yourself.
E. Start projecting a more powerful you today.
F. If possible, write them down so that you can look back at them later.
G. Of course you don't want to spend your entire life copying someone else
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. A 39. G 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了通过简单的几个步骤你如何能学会自信。
【36题详解】
根据本段的主旨句Consider your strengths and success.（考虑你的优势和成功）可知，F项中them指代主旨句中strengths and success，且look back at them later和下文的一系列问题相呼应，句意（如果可能的话，把它们写下来，这样你以后可以回头看）承上启下，故选择F。
【37题详解】
根据前文和常识可知，此处表示从一个小目标开始，否则你会泄气的，B项承接上文，故选择B项。
【38题详解】
根据文章结构可知，此处选择段落主旨句。根据空后内容可知，当你失败时，把它看做是一次学习的经历，空后的failure也是选择主旨句的关键词，A项（向失败学习）符合可以概括本段，故选择A。
39题详解】
根据前文（研究行为榜样的行为、举止以及他们如何与他人沟通）可知G选项中的“模仿其他人”和前文相呼应，且句意（当然，你不想一辈子都在模仿别人）承接上下文，故选择G项。
【40题详解】
根据前文的Smile可知，C项中Smiling和前文内容相呼应，且句意（微笑是友好和开放的姿态）承接上下文，故选择C项。
第三部分: 书面表达(25分)
41. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到很想了解你的高中生活，请你给Jim回封邮件，词数100左右；邮件的开头和结尾不计入总词数。
the reason for choosing the school: the excellent teachers; near your home
your school life: ●classmates are friendly ●listen to the teacher attentively; review the lessons; ●join various clubs; ●……
your expectation: improve the ability of communicating with others
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m glad to hear from you. In your letter, you asked me about my present life. I’m writing to share with you my senior high school life.
I’m now studying in Hongxing High School. There are many excellent teachers in our school and it is near my home. In each class, I listen to my teacher and take notes attentively which I can refer to while reviewing the lessons. To my delight, my classmates and teachers are friendly. Besides, our school organizes various clubs that we can join, which greatly enrich our school life. The speech club is my choice because I hope to improve my ability of communicating with others.
Wish you all the best. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国笔友Jim回复一封邮件，分享自己高中生活。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad→delighted
优秀的：excellent→outstanding
此外：besides→in addition
收到某人来信：hear from sb.→ receive one’s letter
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：I’m now studying in Hongxing High School. There are many excellent teachers in our school and it is near my home.
拓展句：I’m now studying in Hongxing High School, where there are many excellent teachers and it is near my home.
【点睛】【高分句型1】In each class, I listen to my teacher and take notes attentively which I can refer to while reviewing the lessons. (运用了which引导的限制性定语从句和while时间状语从句的省略)
【高分句型2】Besides, our school organizes various clubs that we can join, which greatly enrich our school life. (运用了that引导的限制性定语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句)2023~2024学年度第一学期高一年级英语10月练习
时间90分钟,满分100分
第一部分:知识运用(共两节,35分)
第一节完形填空(共10小题;每小题2分,共20分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A Welcome Gift
Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. That night, the two of them ___1___ side by side at their piano in the spacious living room. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud music filled the room and made them feel very happy.
The next morning, however, their happiness disappeared. One of their neighbors had left a ___2___ under their door complaining(抱怨)about the sound of the piano. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their ___3___ apologize for their playing.
“Maybe we could invite them to come here for a ___4___ ” Dario asked.
They both loved the ___5___ . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts for their guests.
Finally, the day of the party ___6___ . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, ___7___ Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.
She explained that the loud jazz music woke her out of bed that night and she worried they might play like this every night. So she wrote a short note. Hearing Mrs. Gilbert’s words, Dario’s mother smiled and said, ”I think maybe we ___8___ you an apology. I didn’t ___9___ how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.“
Mrs. Gilbert pointed to the book she had given them. “These songs are not such ____10____ music.”
“And we won’t play so loud or late!” Dario said. They all laughed. Seeing the big smile on his mother’s face, he sensed a feeling of warmth and that they were home at last.
1. A. lay B. stood C. sat D. walked
2. A. report B. poster C. bill D. note
3. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audiences
4. A. party B. concert C. show D. play
5. A. experience B. performance C. idea D. action
6. A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished
7. A. presented B. treated C. helped D. served
8. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe
9. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept
10. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud
第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If you live in northeastern China, you expect long, cold winters. People ___11___ (live) in Harbin don’t just stand the cold, however, they welcome it. The city is home to the Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture (雕塑) Festival, ___12___ is considered to be the largest ice festival in the world. Even with temperatures usually close to zero, thousands of people head to city parks ___13___ (see) great ice sculptures, many bathed in colored lights.
The festival includes several thousand ice sculptures. Some of these works are the recreations of castles, historic landmarks and famous people, lit up at night in bright colors. ___14___(visitor) can climb ice stairways and go down ice slides (滑坡). They can also take part ___15___ sporting events, including skating, ice football ___16___ well as ice swimming.
The city started ___17___ (it) icy event in 1963 with the Ice Lantern (灯笼) Garden Party, a ___18___ (celebrate) of the tradition of creating lanterns out of blocks of ice. The larger festival ___19___ (begin) in 1985 and added sculptures, which have grown in number and size over the years. As it has gotten bigger, the festival has become popular outside the city.
Officially, the festival _____20_____ (start) on January 5th and lasts over one month.
第二部分: 阅读理解(共两节, 40分)
第一节阅读理解(共15小题; 每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下面短文, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Poetry Competition
Deadline
16th July，2020
Who may enter
The competition is open to anyone
Description
The Ledbury Poetry Festival is the biggest poetry festival in the UK. It takes place over ten days each July. If you think you know what poetry is, come along and we'll surprise you. There are live readings, performances, music, exhibitions, films, family events and street events.
Each year we organize a famous competition for new poetry in partnership with Ty Newydd, the National Writers' Centre of Wales. It attracts entries from all over the globe. There are three groups: adults(18 + ) , young people(12-17) and children(under 12).
All poems must be the original works of the entrants and should not have been previously published, accepted for publication by magazines, or have entered in other competitions.
The length of each poem must be more than 40 lines.
The judge of the 2020 Ledbury Poetry Festival Poetry Competition is Liz Berry.
Entry fees
Adults: 5. 75 for the first poem, 3. 50 for each extra poem.
Children/Young People: The first poem free, 1. 75 for each extra poem.
Prizes
Adults' Prizes
First Prize: l,000 cash and a course at the National Writers' Centre of Wales
Second Prize: 500 cash
Third Prize: 250 cash
Young People's Prizes
First Prize: l00 cash
Second Prize: 50 cash
Third Prize: 25 cash
Children's Prizes
First Prize: 25 book token(购书券)
Second Prize: 15 book token
Third Prize: l0 book token
Website
Please visit https://www.poetry-festival, co. uk/ledbury-poetry-competition to learn more about the competition.
21. What do we know about the poetry competition from the text
A. It is held every two months. B. It awards all winners cash prizes.
C. It is open to worldwide competitors. D. It offers competitors lectures on poetry.
22. Which requirement should each poem meet
A. It should be written independently. B. It should contain at least 40 words.
C. It has won a prize in other competitions. D. It has been published by some magazines.
23. What is the entry fee for a 15-year-old entrant if he is sending 3 poems
A. 12.75. B. 9.25. C. 7. D. 3.5.
B
Traveling on an airplane can be a very tiring task even in the best of conditions, Sophie Murphy noticed an awful tension on a recent flight from Sydney to Melbourne. She first thought it was caused by typical bad-tempered passengers. But as the flight neared its end, it became obvious that something was very wrong.
A teenage boy with Down syndrome (唐氏综合症) who was traveling with his family had become upset and would not return to his seat, regardless of the cabin crew’s warnings over the loudspeaker that it was almost time to land. The pilot was forced to circle above the airport, delaying the landing—and angering people on the already tense flight.
As the boy’s elderly parents failed to persuade him to get off the floor and back into his seat, Murphy, who had been a teacher for more than 20 years, stood up and quickly headed to the back of the plane.
She found the boy in the passage between rows of seats, lying on his belly. She began chatting calmly with him, asking his name, his favorite book, and his favorite characters. He told her he felt sick and she tried to comfort him.
Minutes later he allowed her to hold his hand—and then together they got properly back into airplane seats. Murphy asked for sick bags, and held them as the boy threw up several times. As she helped him clean up, she repeatedly told him everything would be okay and that they’d get through it together.
After the plane was finally able to land no one was impatient to step off the flight as one might expect. Instead, calmed passengers—obviously following Murphy’s amazing example—allowed the boy and his family to depart first, smiling at them as they passed. His parents tearfully thanked Murphy for what she had done, and a doctor sitting nearby also let her know he had even taken notes on her expert way of handling the situation.
24. Why was the landing delayed
A. Because a family ignored the warnings.
B. Because a boy refused to sit in his seat.
C. Because smoke was coming out of the engine.
D. Because the pilot had to change the destination.
25. Murphy successfully handled the “awful tension” by _______.
A. fighting against unfair treatment
B. calling on other passengers to join her
C. communicating with the boy
D. asking an experienced doctor to help
26. What changed the angry passengers’ attitude at last
A. The teacher’s efforts. B. The plane’s safe landing.
C. The crew’s behavior. D. The boy’s improvement.
27. Which of the following words can best describe Murphy
A. Generous and careful. B. Patient and energetic.
C. Wise and honest. D. Kind and cool-headed.
C
Our sense of smell, which we normally take for granted, is nowadays being increasingly used for purposes which might surprise us if we realized them.
One area in which smells are created to achieve particular results is marketing. For some time producers have taken advantage of our sense of smell with regard to household goods.
When pleasant smells are passed through a store’s air conditioning system, people tend to spend more time in the store and buy more. For example, the smell of chocolate is used in sweet stores, while the smells of leather and perfume are used in clothes stores.
In a test, people looked at the same types of shoes in two rooms— one filled with cleaned air, the other with a smell of mixed flowers. Eighty-four percent of the people preferred the shoes in the room with the smell of flowers. In fact, many said they would have paid up to US $10 more for a pair.
Smells also have other uses. Research has shown that certain smells can help to calm anxious people and increase their feeling of safety. Smells such as that of flowers and pine forests might therefore be used to relax patients in doctors’ and dentists’ waiting rooms, and to make the environment more pleasant and less stressful to them.
Some companies are experimenting with different smells to produce different effects on their workers according to the time of day.
For example, early in the morning they might put the smell of lemon in the air conditioning system to wake people up. In the middle of the morning, when the atmosphere tends to become more tense (紧张的), the smell of wood could be used to calm people down. Before lunchtime the smell of melting butter would encourage people to go to lunch on time. After lunch, when people often begin to lose attention, the smell of mint would increase their watchfulness.
While some of these uses of smells may be helpful and effective, not everyone would agree with their use to control customers in stores. It has been suggested by consumers’ organizations that one way to avoid this new subconscious (下意识) pressure to buy is to go shopping when people are less likely to be influenced by smells.
28. We can conclude from the text that__________.
A. smells are widely used in different shops B. different smells can keep people feel happy
C. smells are effective if used in suitable cases D. hospitals take advantage of the sense of smell
29. What kind of smell is effective when the students are having a lesson according to the text
A. Butter. B. Leather. C. Wood. D. Mint.
30. The 4th paragraph proves that
A. pleasant smalls attract people’s attention to stores
B. people prefer the shoes with the smell of different flowers
C. right smells increase people’s view of the value of a product
D. people want to pay more money because of good smells
31. What does the underlined word ”them“ in Paragraph5 refer to
A. patients B. doctors C. smells D. waiting rooms
D
In 1968 Robert Rosenthal and Lenore Jacobson set an intelligence test for a class of primary school children at "Oak School" (an invented name) in San Francisco. The teachers were told that the intelligence test bad two purposes. Firstly, it would measure the IQ of the children and secondly it would predict 20% of students who, no matter what their performance to date was like, would be likely to make the most progress during the next school year. The teachers were then told who the predicted top improvers would be.
At the end of the school year, eight months later, the intelligence test was carried out again and, perhaps not surprisingly, the results showed that the 20% of children who had been predicted to improve the most, did in fact do so. They showed, on average, an increase of 12 IQ points on the test, compared with an increase of only 8 points for the other children.
But the fact is that no results of any test were used to predict who would be the top performers. Instead, the lucky children who the teachers were told would be the top improvers were given this label as a matter of chance. This study shows that the label that you are given, and your interaction(互动) with others who notice that label, can have a big influence on the results that you achieve. This phenomenon(现象)has been called the Rosenthal effect. It is also known as the Pygmalion effect, related most famously to the George Bernard Show play Pygmalion , which shows the effect that two men have in changing an untidy flower girl into a well-spoken lady.
For ethical (道德的)reasons the researchers at "Oak School!" only concentrated on trying to produce positive results in the children's performance. However, it is worth asking yourself what the effects on 20% of students considered least likely to improve in the following school year might have been. A frightening thought.
32. What did the study find about the predicted top performers at the end of the school year
A. They showed more interest in tests. B. They really made the most progress.
C. They became less confident than before. D. They were as intelligent as the other children.
33. How were the top performers chosen
A. According to the teachers' judgement. B. Based on the test results.
C. By chance. D. Openly.
34. What can we infer about the 20% of students mentioned in the last paragraph
A They might be willing to accept positive results.
B. They would likely have frightening thoughts.
C. They would likely make the least progress.
D. They might work much harder than before.
35. What is the text mainly about
A. The Rosenthal effect B. A play by Bernard Shaw.
C. A school in San Francisco. D. The labels given to children.
第二节(共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分)
根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The beauty of confidence is that it is possible to learn it, no matter who you are! Follow these simple steps to be confident.
Consider your strengths and success.___36___When did you help others What are you good at When have you taken pride in yourselves What are you working hard for If you have difficulty thinking of your strengths and success, ask your family member or a close friend.
Have goals. Sitting around and doing nothing will make you feel worse. Start with a small goal.___37___You'Il get more confidence achieving a small goal. Once you've achieved many smaller goals, you can set bigger goals.
___38___Failure is the mother of success. When you fail, view it as a learning experience. Often we have to fail on our own to gain experience. By failing, you have at least taken a chance.
Pick a role model Pick a role model that is always confident and always learn from them.
Study their action, their manners and how they communicate with others.___39___However, it's a great place to start. Smile. Confident people smile often, and without much reason.___40___It tells the people around you that you're comfortable in yourself and enjoying your time
A. Learn from failure.
B. Otherwise, you'll get discouraged.
C. Smiling is a friendly and open gesture.
D. After reaching a goal, reward yourself.
E. Start projecting a more powerful you today.
F. If possible, write them down so that you can look back at them later.
G. Of course you don't want to spend your entire life copying someone else
第三部分: 书面表达(25分)
41. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华，你的英国笔友Jim在给你的邮件中提到很想了解你的高中生活，请你给Jim回封邮件，词数100左右；邮件的开头和结尾不计入总词数。
the reason for choosing the school: the excellent teachers; near your home
your school life: ●classmates are friendly ●listen to the teacher attentively; review the lessons; ●join various clubs; ●……
your expectation: improve the ability of communicating with others
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
