绝密★启用前
Unit 4 Problems and advice单元测试（深圳卷）
英 语
本试卷共75分，考试时间70分钟。
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名、试室号、座位号，再用2B铅笔把对应这两个号码的标号涂黑。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域的相应位置上；如需要改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动的答案也不能超出指定的区域；不准使用铅笔、圆珠笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 选择题（50分）
一、完型填空（10分）
阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 10 小题, 每小题1分）
The mobile phone has become a problem for middle schools. Some middle schools in Australia have stopped 1 from carrying mobile phones during school hours. Mobile phones used among children has become a 2 for the school this year. Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas 3 , and more students will want 4 . Mary Bluett, an official, said the use of mobile phones is a distraction （干扰） to students during school 5 .
It also gives teachers so 6 trouble in their classrooms. Teachers were also saying that sometimes students might 7 phone messages to cheat （作弊） during exams. She said some schools had tried 8 ban mobile phones. Some parents felt unhappy because they couldn’t get in touch with their children. Many people say that they 9 why parents would want their children to have phones, but they think schools should let the students know 10 they can use their mobile phones.
1．A．school B．teachers C．students D．people
2．A．question B．problem C．hobby D．program
3．A．things B．days C．festivals D．gifts
4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs
5．A．seconds B．minutes C．hours D．months
6．A．much B．many C．little D．few
7．A．bring B．take C．make D．use
8．A．to B．of C．for D．from
9．A．feel B．think C．understand D．mind
10．A．why B．what C．when D．who
二、阅读理解（40分）
第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选山最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将相应字母编号涂黑。（共 15 小题, 每小题2分）
A
Dear editors (编辑)， I get bad marks at school, especially in maths. My dad says I must try harder, because he wants me to go to university. He thinks I’m lazy, but it’s not true. I work really hard! I’ve tried to talk to my mother, but she says I have to work as hard as my brother does. But my brother Harry doesn’t have to study hard and he always gets excellent marks. It’s not fair! The only thing I like is art. My teacher says that I’m the best student she’s had for years. When I told my dad about it, all he said was, “You mustn’t waste your time on art and you must work harder!” Please help me—I don’t know what to do! Lisa
Dear Lisa, You mustn’t think that your parents are wrong and you’re right. Remember that you’re younger than they are and they want the best for you. So you must listen to your parents and try harder. Eric Dear Lisa, Please remember that your future is very important. You don’t have to do everything your parents tell you to do, and you don’t need to worry too much about maths—you don’t have to be good at everything! Talk to your parents again and try not to get angry. Mandy
11．What does Lisa say about herself
A．She works hard. B．She doesn’t like art.
C．She is doing better in maths. D．She gets on well with her brother.
12．Lisa’s father thinks she ________.
A．should go to university B．is as smart as her brother
C．is the best student in her class D．should learn from her brother
13．According to Eric, _________.
A．parents are not always right B．Lisa should talk to her parents
C．Lisa should listen to her parents D．parents know little about their kids
14．Who thinks one doesn’t have to be good at everything
A．Harry. B．Lisa. C．Eric. D．Mandy.
15．Where is the material probably from
A．A storybook. B．A diary. C．A kids’ magazine. D．A public speech.
B
Recently, more and more young school students, especially fat students, get fatty liver（脂肪肝）. Fatty liver has become the second most serious liver illness for children. Chen Zexiong, a famous traditional Chinese medicine doctor, said he met young students with fatty liver every week.
Chen finds out that unhealthy eating habit and not enough exercise make young students get fatty liver more easily. For example, 12-year-old Ming Tsai has fatty liver because he usually has unhealthy drinks and snacks instead of water and meals every day.
Chen also finds out that students with fatty liver don’t do well in their schoolwork. As a result, they have some bad emotions, such as being angry, worried or sad. According to traditional Chinese medicine, bad emotions stops our Qi and Blood（气血）working in the right way, so our livers may fall ill.
Fatty liver doesn’t cause serious problems in the early time, but later it may get worse and cause other liver illnesses. Chen gave some advice on how to stop it.
First, have a healthy eating habit. In our daily life, we should avoid unhealthy drinks or fatty food. Instead, we should have more fruits and vegetables.
Second, take exercise to lose weight of 0.5kg per week. Patients with fatty liver can go cycling, walking, swimming and so on. It’s better to exercise at least 3 times a week and at least 50 minutes every time.
Third, take some medicine if it doesn’t work after 3—6 months’ healthy eating and exercise.
Chen also suggests that parents and teachers should pay attention to children’s psychological（心理）problems.
16．According to the passage, ________ causes young students to get fatty liver more easily.
A．fatty food B．enough exercise C．early sleep D．fresh fruit
17．The underlined word “emotions” in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．attentions B．feelings C．weights D．habits
18．According to the passage, Chen Zexiong gave ________ pieces of advice in total.
A．two B．three C．four D．five
19．The first three paragraphs mainly tell us ________.
A．fatty liver is an serious illness B．Ming Tsai has many bad habits
C．we should develop good habits D．why young students have fatty liver
20．Which can be the best title for this passage
A．Fatty Liver Finds Young Students B．Bad Emotions Cause Fatty Liver
C．Chinese Medicine Stops Fatty Liver D．Unhealthy Eating Habit Causes Fatty Liver
C
The term “social phobia (社交恐惧症)” seems to have taken on popularity these days. Young people in particular are describing themselves as having “social phobia”. They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s hard for them to make new friends or socialize. But is this a “real” disorder (病症)
In fact, this is just a reaction to certain social situations. US researcher Ty Tashiro wrote the book Awkward: The Science of Why We’re Socially Awkward and Why That’s Awesome. He explains that some people don’t “read” social situations correctly and therefore end up feeling uncomfortable. For example, they might be afraid of breaking some kind of unspoken rule. Therefore, they start to act awkwardly (笨拙地) because they don’t want this to happen. This might make them unwilling to socialize. They prefer to stay in instead of going out to meet new people. But this doesn’t mean they have social phobia.
“Real” social phobia—also known as social anxiety—is much more serious. People with social anxiety want to go out and interact with people but are so scared of doing it that they don’t believe in other people besides families. Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal way. People with social phobia disorder can even experience panic attacks (惊恐发作).
Fortunately, social anxiety can be treated. Some people use self-help books to help them gain more control over their minds. Therapy (心理治疗) can also help.
21．What does Paragraph 1 say about some young people
A．They often go out alone. B．They find it hard to socialize.
C．They are developing new social skills. D．They don’t like to make new friends.
22．What was Tashiro’s opinion about these young people
A．They are suffering from social phobia.
B．They should learn to follow social rules.
C．They should avoid uncomfortable situations.
D．They sometimes misunderstand social situations.
23．Which of the following is the way to treat social anxiety
A．Taking some medicine B．Reading some magazines
C．Seeing the doctor D．Going out to meet new people
24．What causes people to have social anxiety
A．They have a mental disorder. B．They have no interest in social interaction.
C．They are suffering from other illnesses. D．They don’t trust anyone except their families.
25．What does the story try to explain
A．How to improve our social skills. B．Why people often feel anxious.
C．What real social phobia is like. D．How social phobia affects everyone.
第二节（每小题1分，共 5分 ）
请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。
Nowadays, there are many families in which both parents have jobs outside the home. And many couples are still working outside when their kids return home from school. Sometimes after school, kids will stay at home under the supervision（监管）of people like grandparents. 26 Because these kids have their own keys to the houses, they are often called latchkey（挂钥匙的）kids.
Being latchkey kids at home doesn’t mean that they will get harmed by bad guys. Neighbors may agree to help parents watch kids outside the home. 27 For example, they’re able to use an alarm system. And they are usually willing to call 911.
Besides, many latchkey kids know how to do some simple housework alone. For example, some latchkey kids may be able to prepare simple after-school snacks. 28 And they also know how to properly spare their time when being alone. However, some kids can still feel worried or helpless whenever parents are not around.
29 Special cameras can now be set up at home to provide real-time monitoring（监控）. Now parents of latchkey kids may be able to enter a safe website, so that they can watch and guide their kids from their workplaces.
However, some working parents may still feel guilty about leaving their kids alone and unsupervised. So some parents choose to work at home. 30
A．Some parents now use technology to solve their latchkey kids’ situations.
B．It lets them avoid hunger before parents arrive home.
C．Some latchkey kids can be more confident and brave.
D．And these kids also know how to prevent possible dangers.
E．This allows them to keep a balance between work and family.
F．But often some kids have to spend some time without supervision.
第三节 （每小题1分，共 5分 ）
下面的材料A-F分别是解决不同问题的方法。请根据五位学生所描述的生活中遇到的难题，为他们选择对应的解决方法，并将其标号填入题前号内。
31 . I wanted to take part in a table tennis competition with my friend, but he did not want to. 32 . I joined a singing club recently. At first, it was relaxing, but now it is very dull since other members are always arguing. 33 . I did badly in my last exam and got disappointing results. Now I’m so worried about next month’s exams that I can’t eat or sleep. 34 . I spend a lot of time studying Maths, but I just can’t seem to pass the exam. 35 . I’m not interested in the school work because it’s too easy. That’s why I often go to sleep in the lessons. A．Being prepared helps a lot, so you can make a revision timetable before the exam. Then you wouldn’t find exams frightening. B．You can invite him to the competition to support you and find another friend to be your partner. C． You should ask your teacher the ways to improve and your friends who are good at the subject may also be able to give you some suggestions. D．You ought to go to bed earlier to get enough sleep. In this way, you won’t doze off in class and can focus on what your teacher is saying. E. If you tried working with others to stop the members’ arguments, you would be amazed by the result. F. You ought to ask your teachers for some harder work so you won’t get bored so easily.
第二部分 非选择题（25分）
三、语法填空（每小题1分，共 10分 ）
阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空（未提供单词的，限填一词），使文章意思完整，正确。
Smartphones have become an important part of our daily life. 36 , to protect younger students’ eyesight and make sure they focus 37 their studies, primary and middle school will have more specific rules to limit students’ mobile phone use on campus.
The Ministry of Education released (发布) a notice in January that restricts (限制) primary and middle school students from 38 (carry) mobile phones to school. Those who still require 39 (they) phones for some reason must get their teachers’ approval (同意) and must hand their phones over during class time.
A 2020 report by the China Internet Network Information Center said that China had 175 million Internet 40 (use) under the age of 18 in 2019, with 74 percent having their 41 (owner) mobile phones. According to the World Health Organization, this is worrying as long-time use of smartphones harms children’s eyesight and even the brain 42 (serious).
Many schools 43 (take) steps to limit students’ phone use on campus since the release of the notice. Li Jisen, 44 8-year-old boy from Beijing 101 Primary School, agrees with the new policy, “In general, Li believes that regulating phone use at school is the only way 45 (put) the focus back on their studies.
四、书面表达（15分）
46．在一所中学的开学典礼上，校长以《“王者”蹉跎，何言“荣耀”？》这篇文章告诫全校学生不要沉溺于网络游戏，不要蹉跎青春。同时，学校德育处还让全校学生家长签署了一份手机协议，禁止学生携带手机等电子产品回校。学校的做法是否必要？请写一篇短文发表你的看法，内容包括：
1）你对该学校的这些做法的看法；
2）作为一名九年级学生，你认为在校学生应该玩手机吗？列举在校学生玩手机的危害(至少三点)；
3）呼吁同学们远离手机。
作文要求:
1）不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名；
2）语句连贯，词数80个左右。
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．C
【分析】本文主要讲了中学生在学校使用手机的问题以及学校和家长的看法。
1．句意：澳大利亚的一些中学已经禁止学生在上课时间携带手机。
school学校；teachers老师；students学生；people人。根据“...carrying mobile phones during school hours”可知是阻止学生带手机上课。故选C。
2．句意：今年，孩子们使用手机已成为学校的一个问题。
question问题；problem问题；hobby爱好；program项目，节目。根据“Some middle schools in Australia have stopped students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.”可知手机已经成为了一个问题。故选B。
3．句意：一些孩子得到了手机作为圣诞礼物，更多的学生会想要手机。
things事情；days天；festivals节日；gifts礼物。根据“...as Christmas...”可知手机是作为圣诞节礼物。故选D。
4．句意：一些孩子得到了手机作为圣诞礼物，更多的学生会想要手机。
they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据动词“want”可知后接代词宾格形式。故选B。
5．句意：一位名叫玛丽·布卢特的官员表示，在上课时间使用手机会分散学生的注意力。
seconds秒；minutes分钟；hours小时；months月。根据“the use of mobile phones is a distraction （干扰） to students during school...”可知使用手机会分散干扰了学生在校学习时间，school hours“学校作息时间”。故选C。
6．句意：这也给老师的课堂带来了很多麻烦。
much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词复数形式；little很少，修饰不可数名词，表否定；few很少，修饰可数名词，表否定。根据“the use of mobile phones is a distraction （干扰） to students during school hours”可知这给老师带来很大麻烦。trouble是不可数名词，用much修饰。故选A。
7．句意：老师们还说，有时学生会利用手机短信作弊。
bring带来；take带走；make制造；use使用。根据“...phone messages to cheat（手机作弊）”可知是学生使用手机作弊。故选D。
8．句意：她说，一些学校曾试图禁止学生使用手机。
to到……，动词不定式中的to无意义；of……的；for为了；from来自。根据关键词“tried”可知try to do sth“试图做某事”。故选A。
9．句意：许多人说，他们理解为什么家长希望他们的孩子有手机，但他们认为学校应该让学生知道什么时候可以使用手机。
feel感觉；think认为；understand理解；mind介意。根据“why parents would want their children to have phones”可知是指很多人理解为什么父母会希望他们的孩子有手机。故选C。
10．句意：许多人说，他们理解为什么家长希望他们的孩子有手机，但他们认为学校应该让学生知道什么时候可以使用手机。
why为什么；what什么；when什么时间；who谁。根据“they think schools should let the students know...they can use their mobile phones.”可知是指他们认为学校应该让学生知道他们什么时间可以使用手机。故选C。
11．A 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．C
【分析】本文主要介绍了Lisa遇到的一些问题，两个人给了她一些建议。
11．细节理解题。根据“I work really hard”可知她学习非常努力。故选A。
12．细节理解题。根据“because he wants me to go to university”可知她爸爸认为她应该上大学。故选A。
13．细节理解题。根据“you must listen to your parents and try harder.”可知Eric认为她应该听她父母的，要更努力。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“you don’t have to be good at everything...Mandy”可知Mandy认为一个人不必擅长所有东西。故选D。
15．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了Lisa遇到的一些问题，两个人给了她一些建议，故文章可能出现在一本儿童杂志上。故选C。
16．A 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A
【分析】本文主要讲述了现在青少年饮食不健康，而且没有足够的锻炼，这导致他们有脂肪肝，文章并介绍了一些建议。
16．细节理解题。根据“In our daily life, we should avoid unhealthy drinks or fatty food”可知我们应该避免不健康的饮料或高脂肪的食物，因为高脂肪食物可能会导致脂肪肝。故选A。
17．词义猜测题。根据“such as being angry, worried or sad”可知这些都是一些情绪、感觉，故此处划线部分和feelings意义相近。故选B。
18．细节理解题。根据“First”“Second”“Third”以及“Chen also suggest...”可知一共给了四条建议。故选C。
19．主旨大意题。通读前三段可知，前三段主要介绍了现在学生为什么会有脂肪肝：饮食不健康、没有足够的锻炼、学业等。故选D。
20．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了现在青少年饮食不健康，而且没有足够的锻炼，这导致他们有脂肪肝，文章并介绍了一些建议，故以选项A“青少年有脂肪肝”为标题最合适。故选A。
21．B 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．C
【分析】本文主要讲述了社交恐惧症的相关内容，包括其成因，是否能治疗等。
21．细节理解题。根据“They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s hard for them to make new friends or socialize.”可知，第一段的一些年轻人很难社交。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“He explains that some people don’t “read” social situations correctly and therefore end up feeling uncomfortable. ”可知，年轻人经常误解社交场合。故选D。
23．推理判断题。根据“Therapy (心理治疗) can also help.”可知，看医生能帮助治疗社会焦虑。故选C。
24．推理判断题。根据“Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal way. People with social phobia disorder can even experience panic attacks (惊恐发作).”可知，精神障碍造成人们有社会焦虑。故选A。
25．推理判断题。根据“But is this a “real” disorder (病症) ”及全文内容可知,作者本文讲述了什么是社交恐惧症。故选C。
26．F 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．E
【分析】本文主要介绍了“挂钥匙孩子”的相关情况，反映现在社会上父母因工作太忙而无法在家中照看孩子的现象。
26．根据“Sometimes after school, kids will stay at home under the supervision（监管）of people like grandparents. ”可知，有时放学后，孩子们会在爷爷奶奶等人的监督下待在家里，此处介绍另一种孩子没有人照看的情况，F选项“但是一些孩子经常要在没有监督的情况下度过一段时间”符合，故选F。
27．根据“For example, they’re able to use an alarm system. And they are usually willing to call 911”可知，孩子遇到危险知道如何应对，D选项“这些孩子也知道如何预防可能的危险”符合，故选D。
28．根据“Besides, many latchkey kids know how to do some simple housework alone. For example, some latchkey kids may be able to prepare simple after-school snacks”可知，此处应介绍孩子知道做简单的家务的好处，B选项“这可以让他们在父母到家之前避免饥饿”符合，故选B。
29．根据“Special cameras can now be set up at home to provide real-time monitoring”可知，此处提到了一些高科技的情况，A选项“现在，一些父母使用科技来解决他们‘挂钥匙’孩子的问题”符合，故选A。
30．根据“However, some working parents may still feel guilty about leaving their kids alone and unsupervised. So some parents choose to work at home”可知，选择在家里办公，这样既能照顾孩子又能工作，E选项“这让他们能够在工作和家庭之间保持平衡”符合，故选E。
31．B 32．E 33．D 34．C 35．F
【分析】本文主要讲的是五位学生遇到的问题，并提供了六个解决方法。
31．根据“I wanted to take part in a table tennis competition with my friend, but he did not want to.”可知，这里是与朋友有关的问题，选项B“你可以邀请他参加比赛来支持你，并找另一个朋友做你的搭档。”符合语境。故选B。
32．根据“I joined a singing club recently. At first, it was relaxing, but now it is very dull since other members are always arguing.”可知，这里是与解决争论有关的问题。选项E“如果你试图与其他人合作阻止成员的争论，你会对结果感到惊讶。”符合语境。故选E。
33．根据“I did badly in my last exam and got disappointing results. Now I’m so worried about next month’s exams that I can’t eat or sleep.”可知，这里是解决考试如何考好的问题。选项D“你应该早点睡觉以获得充足的睡眠。这样，你就不会在课堂上打瞌睡，并且可以专注于老师在说什么。”符合语境。故选D。
34．根据“I spend a lot of time studying Maths, but I just can’t seem to pass the exam.”可知，这里是解决如何学习数学的问题。选项C“你应该向你的老师请教提高的方法，你擅长这门课的朋友也可以给你一些建议。”符合语境。故选C。
35．根据“I’m not interested in the school work because it’s too easy. That’s why I often go to sleep in the lessons.”可知，这里是解决对功课不感兴趣的问题。选项F“你应该向老师请教一些更难的问题，这样你就不会那么容易感到无聊。”符合语境。故选F。
36．However 37．on 38．carrying 39．their 40．users 41．own 42．seriously 43．have taken 44．an 45．to put
【分析】本文主要讨论关于中小学生原则上不允许将手机带入校园的观点。
36．句意：然而，为了保护年轻学生的视力并确保他们专注于学习，中小学将出台更具体的规定来限制学生在校园内使用手机。根据设空处前后表述内容“Smartphones have become an important part of our daily life”和“... limit students’ mobile phone use on campus”可知，“智能手机是我们生活中很重要的部分”和“限制学生使用手机”构成转折关系，应使用转折连词however，设空处位于句首所以首字母要大写。故填However。
37．句意：然而，为了保护年轻学生的视力并确保他们专注于学习，中小学将出台更具体的规定来限制学生在校园内使用手机。focus on“专注于”，设空处缺少介词on。故填on。
38．句意：教育部在一月份发布了一份通知，限制中小学生携带手机上学。设空处作介词from的宾语，应使用动名词形式。故填carrying。
39．句意：那些出于某种原因仍然需要带手机的人必须得到老师的批准，并在上课时交出手机。设空处修饰其后名词phones，所以需使用形容词性物主代词。故填their。
40．句意：中国网络信息中心一份2020年的报告称，在2019年中国18岁以下的互联网用户达到1.75亿，其中74%拥有自己的手机。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入名词作have的宾语，use的名词形式为user，因其前有修饰词175 million，所以使用复数形式。故填users。
41．句意：中国网络信息中心一份2020年的报告称，在2019年中国18岁以下的互联网用户达到1.75亿，其中74%拥有自己的手机。设空处需使用形容词修饰其后名词mobile phones，owner的形容词形式为own。故填own。
42．句意：根据世卫组织的说法，长期使用智能手机会严重损害儿童的视力甚至大脑，这令人担忧。设空处需使用副词修饰动词harm，serious的副词形式为seriously。故填seriously。
43．句意：自该通知发布以来，许多学校已经采取措施限制学生在校园内使用手机。根据“since”可知本句应使用现在完成时“have done”，take的过去分词为taken。故填have taken。
44．句意：李继森，来自北京101小学的一名8岁男孩同意这项新政策。设空处位于名词前表泛指应使用不定冠词， 8-year-old是以元音音素开头，所以使用an。故填an。
45．句意：总的来说，李认为在学校规范地使用手机是把注意力放在学习上的唯一途径。本句已有谓语动词is，设空处需使用不定式作后置定语修饰way。故填to put。
46．例文
I think it is necessary for the school to do so. Mobile phones are becoming more and more popular. And it has become a big problem for middle schools.
As students in Grade 9, we must spend more time on study. But if we spend some time playing mobile phones, we will pay less attention to our study. What’s more, mobile phones can bring much trouble. It has many disadvantages. First, many students use their mobile phones to listen to music in class. They don’t listen to the teachers carefully. Second, using mobile phones too much is bad for the students’ eyes. Third, sometimes students will send phone messages to cheat during the exams.
All in all, I think students shouldn’t spend too much time on mobile phones. We should pay more attention to our study.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇说明文，为材料作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节完整表述内容。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表达对该学校的这些做法的看法；
第二步，列举在校学生玩手机的危害；
第三步，呼吁同学们远离手机。
[亮点词汇]
①spend time on sth在某事上花费时间
②pay attention to注意
③be bad for对……有害
[高分句型
]①I think it is necessary for the school to do so.（宾语从句）
②But if we spend some time playing mobile phones, we will pay less attention to our study. （if引导条件状语从句）
