2023年高一英语上期第一次月考
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
A WONDERFUL NIGHT AT CHANGSHA AQUARIUM(海洋馆)
Have you ever seen sea animals at night What do they do Eat Sleep Swim Let’s go and enjoy the happy time.Time:6:30 p.m.～8:30 p.m. on Saturday.
* You can enjoy dinner at our restaurant under the water from 6:00 p.m. to 6:30 p.m.
*You can’t eat anything while you are watching the sea animals.
*Each tour costs 15 yuan. You can buy the tickets at the gate of the aquarium.
*You can decide which tour you will join after you arrive at the aquarium.
1. If you want to enjoy 4 tours, how much will you pay for them
A. 15 yuan. B. 30 yuan. C. 45 yuan. D. 60 yuan.
2. What can’t you do while you are watching the sea animals
A. Feed the fish. B. Eat food.
C. Take pictures. D. Walk with the penguins.
3. How long can you enjoy the activities at the aquarium at most in one night
A. Half an hour. B. One hour.
C. One and a half hours. D. Two hours.
B
Energy is the ability to do work. Solar energy comes from the Sun.There is also energy that comes from wind and water.
But do you know that energy can come from people, too When you pedal a bike, you produce energy. You use your legs to push the pedals. Your energy is transferred(转移) to the bike. That makes the bike move.
Now imagine riding your bike to create enough power to run a computer. Some students at one school did just that! They jumped on bikes connected to generators(发电机) and pedaled in place. Soon they were producing electricity. This energy is needed to run their computers.
Here is how bicycle-powered energy works. When a student pedals the bike, the back wheel spins(旋转). The wheel spins the generator. The generator produces electricity. As long as a student pedals the bicycle, electricity moves through the generator. The electricity can be used right away. This energy can also be stored and used later.
People use bicycle-powered energy to run small devices(设备) such as small televisions and fans. They often use less than 100 watts per hour. However, it would be a mistake to use pedal power to run a fridge. This large machine often uses more than 700 watts per hour. The electricity for these machines comes from power lines overhead or underground.
Pedal power can be seen in schools, gyms, and homes. What a fun way to provide electricity!
4. How does the writer lead into the topic “bicycle-powered energy”in Paragraph 2
A. By asking a question.
B. By telling a joke.
C. By using an old saying.
D. By making a survey.
5. What is Paragraph 5 mainly about
A. The future of new energy.
B. The forms of world’s energy.
C. Producing bicycle-powered energy.
D. Using bicycle-powered energy.
6. What do we know about bicycle-powered energy
A. It can’t be seen in schools.
B. It can be stored and used later.
C. It comes from wind and water.
D It’s from power lines overhead.
C
People believe that every word has its correct meaning (s). When we are not sure, we usually check online, or turn to our teachers or dictionaries. But do you know how dictionaries were made in the past
Dictionary writers first read the important books of the period or the subject that the dictionary was about. As they read, they copied necessary information on cards: interesting words, common words — both in their daily uses and unusual uses, and also the sentences where they were used. That is to say, the words, along with the uses of each word, were collected. For a really big dictionary, millions of such cards were collected. This task could last for years. As the cards were collected, they were put in alphabetical order (A -Z). When this was done, there would be several hundred cards for each single word.
Then, to define (定义) a word, the dictionary writer placed its hundreds of cards before him. He read the cards closely, threw away some, read the rest again, and divided up the cards according to what he thought were the common uses of the word. Finally, he wrote the definitions, following the hard-and-fast rule: each definition must come from an example on a certain card in front of him.
So, the writing of a dictionary was not a task of inventing meanings of words, but a task of recording their meanings. The writer of a dictionary was a historian, not a law maker.
As time develops, the way of producing dictionaries has greatly changed. Nowadays, we can use online dictionaries too. When choosing our words in speaking or writing, we can be guided by the dictionary. However, we cannot be controlled by it, because new situations, new experiences, new inventions, and new feelings are always pushing us to give new uses to old words.
7. Why did dictionary writers read important books
A. To know more about the period.
B. To collect words and their uses.
C. To understand different subjects.
D. To learn to use interesting words.
8. Which shows the correct steps of how dictionaries were made in the past
A. ①—③—④—② B. ①—②—④—③
C. ③—①—④—② D. ③—④—②—①
9. What can we learn from the passage about dictionary writing in the past
A. It was long-time hard work.
B. It was a task of inventing and recording.
C. It should be done by historians.
D. It had to use the law-making rules.
10. What does the writer advise us to do when we choose words in communication
A. Try to create new words.
B. Follow the dictionary strictly.
C. Use online dictionaries instead.
D. Be open to the new uses of words.
D
It is often said the laughter is the best medicine. But researchers at the University of Oxford think the ability to belly laughs (捧腹大笑) was unique to early humans. This, they believe, made our ancestors (祖先) able to form much larger groups.
The researchers first tested the pain thresholds (临界值)of some volunteers. They divided them into two groups. One group was shown15 minutes of comedy videos, while the other was shown boring programs.
Through this experiment, the researchers found that those who had recently experienced belly laughs were able to withstand (忍受) up to10% more pain than they had done before watching the videos. To their surprise, the scientists also found that the other group was less able to with stand pain after watching 15 minutes of the “boring” programs.
Professor Robin Dunbar of Oxford University, who led the research, believed that belly laughs release chemicals called endorphins (安多芬) into the body which make us feel less painful.
However, not all comedy programs had such effects, according to Prof Dunbar. For example, though clever stand-up comedy was found to be enjoyable, it had no effect on raising pain thresholds.“Things that worked very well were interesting comedies such as Mr. Bean. Situation comedies such as Friends also seemed to be particularly successful,”he added.
In order to measure (测量) endorphin levels, the researchers put a bag of ice on the volunteers’ arms to see how long they could withstand them. They found that the greater the increase in pain thresholds, the greater the amount of endorphins produced.
The purpose of Prof Dunbar’s study was not to develop a new treatment. Instead, it was to study the role of laughter in the forming of human societies two million years ago.
“The next stage will be to see whether laughing really allows people to keep together and work as a group better and be more friendly towards each other. If that is the case, then it may explain why some two million years ago, the first humans were able to form large communities of up to 100,”Dunbar added.
11. Prof Dunbar’s study was to _.
A. test the pain thresholds of humans
B. measure the endorphin levels while laughing
C. develop a new kind of medicine that reduces pain
D. explore the influence of laughter in forming human societies
12. In order to withstand more pain, we’d better .
A. watch some scary films B. watch some beautiful pictures
C. watch some boring programs D. watch some comedy videos
13. The meaning of the underlined word “release” in the passage may be
A. look out B. stand out C. find out D. give out
14. What did the researcher do to measure the level of endorphins
A. Let the volunteers watch videos.
B. Ask the volunteers to live in the lab.
C. Make the volunteers have medicines.
D. Put ice bags on the volunteers’ arms.
15. What can we know from the last paragraph
A. More experiments about laughter will be carried out.
B. Laughter makes people keep together and work as a group.
C. People who laugh a lot are more friendly towards each other.
D. The first humans could only form small communities less than 100.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Are you thinking about traveling alone You must have a million questions: Where should you go Will there be someone to talk to 16 And is it all right to travel alone
In fact, traveling alone is not as scary (吓人的) as it seems. Here are some good tips.
Choose a place where you feel comfortable and safe
Truth be told, traveling alone for the first time is more about the experience than the destination. 17 It could be somewhere close to home or somewhere you've already been with friends.
Make a plan
Always make a plan. That way you'll avoid worrying too much over where you're staying, what to see and how you're getting from A to B.
Book hotels ahead of time
18 Besides, when you book your hotel, ask if they will send a driver to pick you up.
Talk to people
If you're going to a touristy place like Thailand, there are lots of other people who are traveling alone. 19 They might also ask you to join them for dinner or a beer. That happens a lot.
Let someone know where you are
Your family and friends love you and probably worry about you every day, so text them and let them know what you're up to throughout your trip. 20 And in case something did happen, they'll know where you are.
A. How do you stay safe
B. Don't draw attention to yourself.
C. That will make you and them feel safer.
D. The first thing you need to do is believe in yourself.
E. So make sure to choose a place that you feel comfortable with.
F. Most likely, they'll be easy to talk to and they'll want to communicate.
G. This can make you less nervous when you're traveling alone for the first time.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Once, in a small village, lived a family with eight children. Two of the children loved 21 very much, but the family was so poor that it was impossible to send 22 of them to study at the art college at the same time. After many discussions, the two boys finally 23 a plan. They would toss (抛) a coin. The loser would go 24 into the mines (煤矿) and, with his earnings (赚的钱), 25 his brother studying at the college. Then, when the brother who won the toss finished his studies, after four years, he would support the other brother studying at the 26 .
James won the toss and Jack went down into the mines. James worked with all his heart and his paintings were much 27 than those of most of his teachers, and by the time he 28 , he was beginning to make a lot of money for his paintings.
29 James returned, the family held a big dinner for his great success. Soon after the meal began, James 30 up from his seat to drink a toast (敬酒) to his dear 31 . He said, “Jack, now you can go to the art college and your 32 will come true. I will take care of you.”
But Jack said 33 , “Brother, the four years in the mines has done too much to my hands, so it’s too 34 . Now I can’t even hold a glass.”
To show his great love and respect, James drew his brother’s 35 with fingers towards the sky. He called his drawing The Praying Hands, which became very famous years later.
21．A．painting B．swimming C．singing D．dancing
22．A．any B．all C．both D．neither
23．A．looked out B．worked out C．took out D．went out
24．A．off B．away C．up D．down
25．A．support B．agree C．follow D．let
26．A．home B．mine C．college D．factory
27．A．better B．worse C．cheaper D．older
28．A．arrived B．graduated C．walked D．waited
29．A．Before B．When C．Though D．Unless
30．A．put B. turned C．looked D．stood
31．A．brother B．sister C．father D．mother
32．A．way B．saying C．dream D．practice
33．A．happily B．surprisedly C．angrily D．softly
34．A．early B．late C．good D．helpful
35．A．legs B．feet C．arms D．hands
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How do learning habits influence learning results It’s useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous 36 (say) “Good habits lead to good endings”, which shows the importance of habits.
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also 37 (show) a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge 38 (include). At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and 39 (attitude) to the content of our learning. 40 (obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits — keeping 41 learning diary every day. We can start the habit by 42 (write) a learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind, 43 gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it.
What’s 44 (much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits 45 well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice.
I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是高一新生李华，你的英国笔友弗瑞德 (Fred) 来信询问你入学第一天的情况。 请你给他回一封信，内容包括：
1. 介绍学校环境；
2. 谈谈对老师和同学的印象；
3. 你对高中生活的信心。
注意：1 词数 80 词左右；
2 可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
Dear Fred,
_________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Stephen and a Bowl of Noodles
Stephen,a 14-year-old boy, was seen walking alone in the street. It was almost 10 o'clock at night.
His eyes were filled with tears when he recalled（回想起）the quarrel he had with his mother this evening. His mom asked about his low grades in the recent exam, and Stephen replied with a careless attitude. So she scolded（训斥）him for being so careless. Stephen got so upset that he quarreled with his mother and then stormed out of the house without realizing he was a so at fault.
He walked for hours, cold and hungry. Suddenly, a delicious smell caught his attention. It was from a small noodle shop. Stephen stopped in front of the shop, eager for a bowl of hot noodles but he didn’t have even a single penny in his pocket. With a sad face, he stood there for a minute and decided to leave.
Just when he was about to go away, the shop owner saw him and invited him in. Stephen said he had no money for the food. The shop owner smiled, saying, "It's OK. I won't charge you for it." Then the shop owner served him a bowl of delicious noodles.
Stephen was in tears when he ate the noodles.The shop owner asked what had happened. Stephen told him about the quarrel with his mother and that he felt his mother did not understand him.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Hearing this, the shop owner smiled and said to Stephen," My dear young man, now think about your mom!"
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Stephen realized his mistake and thanked the shop owner.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案：
A).1. D 2. B 3. D B) 4. A 5. D 6. B
C) 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D
D)11. D 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. A
16-20 AEGFC
21．A 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A
26．C 27．A 28．B 29．B 30．D
31．A 32．C 33．D 34．B 35．D
36．saying 37．shows
38．included 39．attitudes
40．Obviously 41．a
42．writing 43．and
44．more 45．as
第四部分 写作（满分15分）
【参考范文】
Dear Fred,
In your last letter, you asked about my first day at school. I am writing to tell you something about it.
My school is so beautiful that I cannot think of leaving there for a day. The lofty trees, colorful flowers and the charming attract me a lot. When I first arrived there, I was amazed by its wonderful, peaceful and warm atmosphere. Everyday, my teacher teaches me a lot of knowledge from different aspects such as Chinese, Math, and English. It benefits me a lot. And there are my schoolmates. We play together everyday, making plenty of fun. When we meet trouble on study, we always get together in a group. Talking about the quickest way to solve the problem, we strengthen our relationship. We become better friends. At the same time, we practice our minds.
I believe with the help of the teachers and my classmates I will have a great time in my school.
Yours,
【参考答案】
Hearing this,the shop owner smiled and said to Stephen,"My dear young man, now think about your mom!"Stephen thought of the days when he was a little kid. His mother cooked for him and played with him all the day. He also remembered that when he failed the exam,she comforted him with all her heart and kept him company overthe night. She was there for him whenever he needed her.
Stephen realized his mistake and thanked the shopowner. He rushed home in a hurry. He saw his mother standing in the street with tears in her eyes. His mother said,"Where have you been I have been looking for you everywhere. I have cooked the meal you like e and have it now. You must be hungry!" He hugged his mother with tears and said,"I am terribly sorry, mom. I was wrong and I will never quarrel with you again. I love you."
