普宁市华侨中学高一下学期期末模拟练习卷 英语
（建议时间 120 分钟 卷面分 120 分）
第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分, 满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Your family may love to travel. However, you may worry about the environmental effect of doing so. It is time to take an eco-friendlier trip. We have discovered four destinations for you.
Vienna
Explore the kid-friendly city of Vienna, Austria. Here, you can find plenty of bike- share stations for getting around. The city has a large number of playgrounds and some fantastic museums for children. In the city, there are many hostels run by local people. There is always one that suits your family’s taste.
Volcan Tenorio Area
When you think about taking your kids to Costa Rica, you normally focus on viewing its amazing wildlife. But what about turning to the human activities? One way to do so is to stay on a farm. Kids can take a hand in looking after animals and learning about traditional farming methods.
Khao Sok National Park
In this park, you can show your children a different side of Thailand. Use a local guide to introduce you to the interesting plants and animals. Stay at one of the locally owned cottages. You can even spend a night in a raft house on Chiaw Lan Lake, which runs without electricity.
Countryside of Fiji
Leave luxury hotels behind and head to a village homestay in Fiji. Your kids will learn all about Fijian culture. Your money will go directly to the community. With older children you can join in both sea conservation and community projects, with the help of a reliable organization.
Which place will attract people fond of cycling?
A. Vienna. B. Volcan Tenorio Area.
C. Khao Sok National Park. D. Countryside of Fiji.
What is special about the raft houses in Khao Sok National Park?
A. They are close to nature. B. They are surrounded by trees.
C. They are operated by local people. D. They are independent of electricity.
What do these four trips have in common?
A. They favour older children. B. They offer green transportation.
C. They help protect the environment. D. They provide farming homestays.
B
The job description of a postman doesn’t always include travelling through thick forests, fast-flowing waters and occasionally being run after by wild animals, but for D. Sivan, that is exactly what it is.
Every day for 30 years, this humble postman has been delivering post to some of
the most remote villages in Coonoor which are inaccessible by road. Carrying the mail, he walks along the Nilgiri Mountain Railway track, walking through thick forests, crossing slippery streams and walking on railway bridges. Having travelled through the difficult path for 30 years, Mr. Sivan has grown fond of the wild animals he encounters on his daily walks, going so far as to say that they’ve all become his friends. But even his friends have occasionally caused him some trouble, with an elephant once having run after him. He was saved by a truck driver who spotted him and honked at the elephant. The animals recognize him now, though.
As the years rolled by, emails started replacing letter writing. And as more and more people moved from the Nilgiri hills to the plains-the towns of Mettupalayam and Coimbatore, Sivan’s bag became lighter and lighter every day. Many weeks he ended up carrying just 3-4 letter to each village.
One day Sivan noticed that a man to whom he was supposed to deliver his pension had moved to Coimbatore. The man had fallen very sick and was hospitalized. Sivan tracked down the hospital, travelled 80 kms by bus and later car, and delivered the pension. The kind postman even paid for the whole trip himself!
Not all heroes wear a cape(披风);some have white hair and carry a simple bag full of letters. Not all heroes write cool stories on Instagram; some just sit outside a door and read out a son’s letter to his mother.
Which of the following best describes Sivan’s daily delivery journey?
A. Awkward. B. Comfortable. C. Adventurous. D. Uneventful.
What do the underlined words “his friends” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Postmen. B. Truck drivers. C. Wild animals. D. Villagers in Coonoor.
Why did Sivan travel to Coimbatore?
A. To send a pension check. B. To enjoy a trip to the plains.
C. To get hospital treatment. D. To draw his pension.
Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
A. Letters or emails B. The world’s busiest postman C The postal service in Coonoor D. Capeless hero with a bag
C
As the saying goes: T he Internet is forever; Once you’ve put something online--a credit card number, a silly photo, a heat-of-the-moment comment on social media--it can come back to disturb you.
But what are the risks, really? “There are two worst-case situations," says Richard Klosowski, privacy and security editor of a product-recommendation service." The most obvious one is a security issue. Everyone’s e-mail address and basic details are let out somewhere online, and if you reuse passwords, that means a criminal or immoral person will have an easier time getting into you accounts.
The problem is getting worse: Identity theft cases more than doubled in 2020, according to a survey conducted by Harvard university, with reported financial losses from fraud(欺诈)overall climbing to $3.3 billion from $1.8 billion in 2019.
"The second worse-case situation is more primal: embarrassment,” says Klosowski. And sometimes the pricks( 刺 痛 ) to our pride are far more personal than feeling ashamed over an awful photo. “Many of us store our most intimate thoughts in a digital notes app, draft e-mails we never send, or pour out our private feelings into a
direct message to a friend. This is the type of thing that can be disclosed online, either through a provider being ignored or through your own misunderstanding of the often- confusing privacy settings in the software and services."
With these sorts of slip-ups, the stakes can be high. But you’re not powerless. You can stand up for your privacy and begin to take control, starting right now.
The underlined saying “The Internet is forever." in paragraph 1 probably means
More and more people can’t live without the Internet.
People use the Internet to solve problems all the time.
The Internet is developing so fast that it will exist forever.
What people used to do on the Internet can be traced back.
How did the author express the worsening conditions of the security issue?
A. By quoting experts. B. By analyzing the data.
C. By providing examples. D. By making comparison.
According to Klosowski, why do people feel embarrassed on line?
Their private thoughts and feeling get leaked on line.
Their private thoughts are written in an digital notes app
Their messages are sent with private feeling to their friends.
Their privacy settings are paid no attention to in the software.
What will the following part of this passage talk about?
The benefits that the Internet bring to people.
The other serious problems people meet online.
More examples of how people feel embarrassed online.
The measures people should take to solve the problems.
D
It was a fall day in 1888. Two cowboys came across what looked like a tall city carved into a cliff. It looked empty and lonely. The only sounds were the whistling wind and the crunch of ice underfoot. Where were they?
The men had discovered the cliff homes of the ancient Pueblo at Mesa Verde. Soon, archaeologists rushed there to learn more about these people of long ago. Buildings are some of the only evidences left to tell us about people who lived in what is now the south western US more than 1400 years ago. At first, the ancient Pueblo moved from place to place. After a while, they began to build homes hidden under cliffs. The ancient Pueblo were creative skilled craft people and talented artists. We still do not know much of their story. But lucky for us they left behind these buildings.
We study ancient people by looking at the way they lived -- from the style of their homes to the pictures they drew. The art of the ancient Pueblo explains their beliefs, struggles, and daily lives. Some of their art shows people hunting animals. Other art might tell about a legend or make predictions about the future. But we don't know for sure.
The ancient Pueblo made art using the materials they had. They made colored paints using nearby plants. Like many traditional people throughout the world, the ancient Pueblo painted hand prints on rock. They also used sharp stones to create rock carvings.
Pottery also provides clues about the lives of the ancient Pueblo. These ancient
pots and dishes are in amazingly good shape, which seems to be sitting around for seven days instead of 700 years. They are like a vividly-written historical book
telling us about everyday lives of the ancient Pueblo.
Modern Pueblo, including the Hopi and the Zuni, still live in adobe(土胚) houses. Some modern Pueblo live on top of hills while others live in modern communities. They work with scientists and the government to protect the heritage sites. They want people to be able to learn about their culture for years to come.
What is the purpose of paragraph 1?
To present the finding of a heritage site.
To tell a story of two cowboys’ expedition.
To describe the environment of Mesa Verde.
To introduce the topic of heritage protection.
What do archaeologists find in the cliff ruins?
Ancient Pueblos only left their buildings.
Rock paintings were used to predict future.
Pottery there reveals stories of the ancient times.
Ancient Pueblos have similar lifestyles with other tribes.
What rhetorical device was used in the underlined sentence?
A. Personification. B. Repetition. C. Quote. D. Simile.
How do modern Pueblo protect their tradition?
They work with the government.
They live in houses of their ancestors.
They guide people to their ancient home.
They stay together with their community.
第二节 七选五(共 5 小题，每小题 2.5 分，共 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings cause a far greater danger to them than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite rare. According to one estimate, however, humans kill 100 million sharks every year. 16
Why should we save the sharks?
Sharks take up the top position on the food chain in the ocean. As sharks die off, the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase. This, in turn, means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop. 17 Fish that eat algae ( 藻 类 ) are also included. This can cause algae to spread so much that it damages coral reefs.
18 The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined, but also removes half of the man-made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Once sharks die off, the global ecosystem will be upset, affecting all creatures including human beings.
Don’t use shark products
First, vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts.
19 In addition, shark meat is sold around the world, sometimes under
misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish.
Shark fin soup is a popular dish. However, the process of getting fins is cruel. Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water, still alive. 20 Sharks breathe by swimming, so a shark that can’t swim will die.
It is time for children to learn about sharks.
Shark oil is also used in many popular beauty products.
Then the shark dies slowly, sometimes over several days.
Actually, the killing of sharks will affect the whole planet.
People in some countries are especially keen on shark products.
Among them are some sea fish that humans consume every day.
This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白
处的最佳选项。
Not being able to see someone you love for a long time is hard, but it does make a reunion (重逢) more special.
Owen and Stevie 21 several years ago at their school in Chicago. They became close friends and it seemed that nothing could 22 them. Unfortunately, their friendship was 23 three years ago when Owen and his family moved to Missouri. Owen and Stevie were 24 to keep their long-distance friendship. 25 , it wasn’t easy not being able to see their best friend every day.
Recently, Owen’s dad was 26 for a business trip to Chicago. The two families naturally took advantage of this amazing 27 for a reunion. Instead of telling Stevie the great news, they kept the 28 from him. When the big day arrived, Stevie was
29 kept in the dark.
That day, Stevie’s mum 30 to pick him up early. Little did Stevie know that his best friend was 31 him in the back seat. When Stevie 32 his mum’s car with a basketball in his hand, Owen was hiding in the car. Yet the moment the door opened wide, so did Stevie’s 33 !
“What are you doing here?!” Stevie said with a big 34 .
“I’m 35 you in Chicago! That’s what I’m doing here,” Owen replied, then giving Stevie a huge hug.
“I feel like I’m dreaming,” Stevie said…
21．A．cheated
B．debated
C．fought
D．met
22．A．separate
B．attract
C．damage
D．calm
23．A．recognized
B．built
C．challenged
D．admired
24．A．annoyed
B．determined
C．confused
D．frightened
25．A．Therefore
B．However
C．Besides
D．Instead
26．A．attacked
B．threatened
C．scheduled
D．forgiven
27．A．choice
B．opportunity
C．holiday
D．adventure
28．A．joy
B．opinion
C．secret
D．emotion
29．A．hardly
B．extremely
C．completely
D．likely
30．A．cycled
B．ran
C．walked
D．drove
31．A．waiting for
B．searching for
C．focusing on
D．taking control of
32．A．left
B．pushed
C．drove
D．reached
33．A．eyes
B．basketball
C．schoolbag
D．mother
34．A．breath
B．apology
C．wish
D．surprise
35．A．visiting
B．helping
C．contacting
D．rescuing
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Fuchsia Dunlop from the UK likes to post her experiences of food from around the world on social media. Since the outbreak of COVID-19, cooking Chinese food
36 (become) a way for her to deal with the “endless lockdown”.
37 (realize) her dream of becoming a cook, she decided to come to Chengdu, 38 she learned local cooking skills in 1994. Seven years later, Dunlop published her first book, Sichuan Cookery, 39 (praise) as “one of the top 10 cookbooks of all time”. So far, she has published five books about Chinese cuisines, showing her deep understanding of the food culture that 40 (run) in the blood of Chinese people.
Having studied Chinese food culture for nearly 20 years, she regards Jiangnan
41 the center of the nation’s gastronomy (美食学). The decisive moment was in 2008 when she went to Longjing Caotang, 42 restaurant in Hangzhou. The whole cooking method was so moving and 43 (impress) that, at that moment, she decided to write a book about the area. According to Dunlop, by presenting the 44 (dish), she is trying to paint a picture of the area and display
45 (it) different sides, from the banquet to the street food.
第三部分 写作
第一节 词汇考查。根据句意以及所给的首字母或汉语意思，用单词（B1-B3）的正确形式填空。(每小题 1 分，共 10 分)
Everyone wants to make a good (印象) on the first school day.
I couldn’t (集中精力) on the experiment because it was noisy outside.
I know I’ll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being (负责的) for a lot more.
After reaching your (目的地), you will have a day to explore it.
In time of disaster, people must unify and show the (智慧)to stay positive.
My adviser r that I should sign up for advanced literature because I like English and I am good at it.
A committee was e
prevent the loss of cultural relics.
Only when we learn to exist in h
to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and with nature can we stop being a
threat to wildlife and to our planet.
There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives more c .
Since then, the virtual choir has become a worldwide p .
第二节 应用文写作 （满分 15 分）
为了让学生更好地了解字航员在太空站上的情况，上周，你们学校组织高一师生参观了广东科学中心的太空展，请你为学校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括:
参加人员;
活动内容(讲座、体验等);
活动反响。
注意:
词数 80 左右;
可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
第三节 读后续写 (满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
Erika and the Necklace
Erika and her little sister Beth sneaked into their mommy’s room. “I’m just going to try on some jewelry,” said Erika. She took a necklace and tried to put it on her neck. “Oh, no,” said Beth. “Mommy doesn’t like us playing with her stuff.” “Okay, you be the lookout,” instructed Erika. “Stand by the door and let me know if Mommy comes up the stairs.”
Before Beth got to the door, Bouncer, the family’s Bernedoodle dog, bounded into the room and almost knocked Erika down. The necklace went flying. It had barely hit the floor when Bouncer bit it and raced off.
“Bouncer! Bouncer!” yelled Erika. “Beth, help me get the necklace back.” The girls were hot on Bouncer’s tail. “Stop!” they yelled. Bouncer dashed down the stairs and into the living room. He stopped just long enough for the girls to get close to him. Then of he went. “Stop!” yelled Erika. “Beth, you go the other way. We’ll corner him in the dining room.”
Erika met Beth in the dining room. Sure enough, Bouncer was there waiting for them. He was down low on his front legs with his tail in the air, ready to play. “Grab him!” screamed Erika.
Just as Beth was about to grab him, Bouncer took off. He whizzed (嗖地移动) by Beth and Erika. “Stop, you troublemaker!” yelled Erika as she raced after him. The girls were getting close again, but Bouncer zoomed down the basement stairs. The girls raced after him. “I don’t see him,” said Beth. Erika scratched her head. “He’s got to be down here. He’s hiding.”
Just then Mom called to the girls. “Erika what’s all the noise? What’s wrong? I heard you from the yard.” “Uh, oh,” whispered Erika. “Uh…nothing’s wrong,” she shouted.
Beth dashed up the stairs. Erika heard her telling Mom everything. “That blabber mouth (多嘴的人),” said Erika under her breath.
“ERIKA!” said Mom. “Up here right now.” Hurrying upstairs, Erika could feel her blood rushing to her face. While she was trying hard to find an excuse, Mom’s voice broke in. “Where is he now?” asked Mom, with arms crossed. Not daring to look into Mom’s eyes, Erika just pointed to the basement as a reply. The three remained silent, wondering how to get the necklace back. Suddenly, an idea flashed across Erika’s mind. She went straight to the kitchen counter and took some snacks. “I know what to do. Just come with me,” she smiled.
注意：
所续写短文的词数应为 100 左右；
续写部分的开头语已为你写好。
Mom and Beth followed her into the basement (地下室) , Erika carrying the snacks.
第一部分 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2.5分, 满分50分)
1-3ADC 4-7 CCAD 8-11 DBAD 12-15 DDDA 16-20 GFDBC
第二部分 英语知识运用
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
21-25 DACBB 26-30 CBCCD 31-35 ADADA
第二节 语法填空（共10小题, 每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
36．has become 37．To realize 38．where 39．praised 40．runs
41．as 42．a 43．impressive 44．dishes 45．its
第三部分 写作
第一节 词汇考查
46. impression 47. focus/concentrate 48. responsible 49. destination 50. wisdom
51. recommended 52. establish 53. harmony 54. convenient 55. phenomenon
第二节 应用文写作
In order to help students better understand the situation in the space station, our school organized a trip to Guangdong Science Center to visit a space exhibition last week.
More than 500 participants took an active part among whom were 40 teachers. A variety of activities were specially arranged. A lecture was given by a famous astronaut to enable the students to know more about the development of China's space exploration. Students were also given precious chances to try on Spacesuit and get on the spacecraft model to carry out space walk and space experiments, imaging themselves living and working in the space station. After that, Students had a heated discussion about their gains and feelings, expressing their dreams of becoming an astronaut one day in the future.
Through the activity, students benefited a lot. Not only did it enrich their school life but it also made them have a better understanding of the space.
第三节 故事续写
Mom and Beth followed her into the basement, Erika carrying the snacks. “Bouncer,” called Erika, “I’ve got a treat for you.” Lickety-split, Bouncer was at Erika’s feet, pricking up his ears and wagging his tail. Just at that moment, Erika grabbed his collar and pulled the necklace from his mouth. Handing the necklace to Mom, Erika apologized, “Sorry, Mom. I shouldn’t have touched your stuff. I’m the troublemaker.” Head drooping, Erika tried to overcome the immense guilt, while Bouncer was nudging her to pet him. “So long as you admit your fault,” Mom smiled, gently patting her girls and the little “troublemaker”.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事情发展的顺序为线索展开，讲述了Erika和Beth偷偷溜进妈妈的房间后，Erika偷偷拿了妈妈的项链戴在脖子上，Beth提醒她，妈妈不喜欢她们摆弄自己的东西，但是Erika没有听Beth的话。之后家里的狗Bouncer跑进房间撞倒Erika，导致项链飞出去，被Bouncer叼到了，随后它叼着项链跑开了。于是姐妹俩开始追Bouncer，要取回项链。期间追赶Bouncer发出的噪音引起了妈妈的注意，在妈妈询问发生了什么事后，Beth将这件事告诉了妈妈。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由首句“妈妈和Beth跟着Erika进了地下室，Erika拿着零食。”可知，本段可描写Erika用零食将狗哄骗过来，从狗的脖子上拿下妈妈的项链，并向妈妈道歉。
2.续写线索：来到地下室——给狗零食——取下项链——交还给妈妈——向妈妈道歉——妈妈原谅
3.词汇
行为类
①抓住：grab/catch hold of
②递：hand/give
③道歉：apologize/make an apology
情绪类
①内疚：guilt/guilty conscience
②微笑：smile/beam
【点睛】[高分句型1]Lickety-split, Bouncer was at Erika’s feet, pricking up his ears and wagging his tail. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型2]Head drooping, Erika tried to overcome the immense guilt, while Bouncer was nudging her to pet him. (运用了独立主格结构)
答案详解
A
【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍四个更环保的旅游目的地。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Vienna段中“Explore the kid-friendly city of Vienna，Austria．Here，you can find plenty of bike-share stations for getting around．（探索奥地利维也纳这个适合孩子的城市。在这里，你可以找到许多可供出行的共享单车站点）”可知Vienna会吸引喜欢骑自行车的人。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Khao Sok National Park段中“You can even spend a night in a raft house on Chiaw Lan Lake, which runs without electricity.(你甚至可以在没有电的萧兰湖上的木筏房里住上一晚）”可知Khao Sok National Park的木筏屋没有电。故选D项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“It is time to take an eco-friendlier trip. We have discovered four destinations for you.（是时候进行一次更环保的旅行了。我们为你找到了四个目的地）”可推知，这四个目的地有助于保护环境。故选C项。
B
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. A 7. D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了邮递员Sivan三十多年来背着装满信件的背包给别人送信的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The job description of a postman doesn’t always include travelling through thick forests, fast-flowing waters and occasionally being run after by wild animals, but for D. Sivan, that is exactly what it is.(邮递员的工作描述并不总是要穿越茂密的森林、湍急的水流，偶尔还会被野生动物追赶，但对西万来说，这就是他的工作。)”可知，Sivan邮递员的工作不仅要穿越茂密的森林、湍急的河流，偶尔还会被野生动物追赶，说明他的工作很冒险。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第二段中的“Having travelled through the difficult path for 30 years, Mr. Sivan has grown fond of the wild animals he encounters on his daily walks, going so far as to say that they’ve all become his friends.(在这条艰难的道路上走了30年，西万先生越来越喜欢他每天散步时遇到的野生动物，甚至说它们都成为了他的朋友。)”可知，Sivan越来越喜欢他每天遇到的野生动物，甚至说它们已经成了他的朋友。由此可知，his friends指的是那些野生动物。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“One day Sivan noticed that a man to whom he was supposed to deliver his pension had moved to Coimbatore. The man had fallen very sick and was hospitalized. Sivan tracked down the hospital, travelled 80 kms by bus and later car, and delivered the pension.(一天，西万注意到一个本该交给他养老金的人搬到了哥印拜陀。这个人病得很重，住进了医院。西万找到了医院，坐了80公里的公交车，后来又开车，把养老金送到了医院。)”可知，Sivan去Coimbatore是为了给别人送养老金。故选A项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容及最后一段“Not all heroes wear a cape(披风);some have white hair and carry a simple bag full of letters. Not all heroes write cool stories on Instagram; some just sit outside a door and read out a son’s letter to his mother.(并非所有的英雄都有披风，有些英雄白发苍苍，背着一个简单的装满信件的袋子。并不是所有的英雄都会在Instagram上写很酷的故事；有些人只是坐在门外，朗读儿子写给母亲的信。)”可知，本文主要介绍了平凡英雄Sivan三十多年来，每天背着装满信件的袋子给别人送信的故事。D项“Capeless hero with a bag(背着包的无斗篷英雄)”最能概括本文内容。故选D项。
C
【答案】8．D 9．B 10．A 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了放在网上的任何东西都有可能造成风险，产生安全问题和尴尬。然而你并不是毫无办法，你可以捍卫自己的隐私并开始掌控。
8．词句猜测题。根据下文的“Once you’ve put something online—a credit card number, a silly photo, a heat-of-the-moment comment on social media—it can come back to disturb you.(一旦你在网上放一些东西上——信用卡号码、一张愚蠢的照片、社交媒体上的热门评论——它就会回来打扰你。)”可知，曾经在网上做的事情都可以被追查到，反噬自身。由此可推测出，说“互联网是永恒的”意在表明在网上做的事情会保留痕迹，会被查出来。故选D。
9．推理判断题。根据第三段“The problem is getting worse: Identity theft cases more than doubled in 2020, according to a survey conducted by Harvard university, with reported financial losses from fraud(欺诈) overall climbing to $3.3 billion from $1.8 billion in 2019.(问题越来越严重：根据哈佛大学的一项调查，2020年身份盗窃案件增加了一倍多，据报道，欺诈造成的财务损失从2019年的18亿美元攀升至33亿美元。)”可知，在描述安全问题恶化时，作者引用了哈佛大学的调查数据，身份盗窃案件增加一倍多，欺诈造成的财务损失从18亿美元攀升至33亿美元，通过分析这些数据展示情况的严重性。故选B。
10．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Many of us store our most intimate thoughts in a digital notes app, draft e-mails we never send, or pour out our private feelings into a direct message to a friend. This is the type of thing that can be disclosed online, either through a provider being ignored or through your own misunderstanding of the often-confusing privacy settings in the software and services.(我们中的许多人将自己最个人的想法存储在数字笔记应用程序中，起草却从未发送过的电子邮件，或将自己的私人感受直接发送给朋友。这是一种可以在网上被披露的事情，要么是通过一个被忽略的提供商，要么是你自己对软件和服务中经常令人困惑的隐私设置的误解)”可知，人们在网上储存的一切关于自己私人想法和感受的内容都可以被泄露，所以这会让人感到尴尬。故选A。
11．推理判断题。最后一段“With these sorts of slip-ups, the stakes can be high. But you’re not powerless. You can stand up for your privacy and begin to take control, starting right now.(有了这些疏漏，风险可能很高。但你并非无能为力。你可以维护自己的隐私并开始掌控一切，从现在开始)”指出，尽管上网可能导致自己的信息泄露，造成安全问题和尴尬，但你并非毫无办法，你可以开始维护自己的隐私并掌控一切。由此可推测出，接下来文章应该讲述人们可以采取的能够解决问题的措施。故选D。
D
【答案】12．D 13．D 14．D 15．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了古代普韦布洛人的悬崖家园，我们通过观察古人的生活方式来研究他们——从他们的房屋风格到他们画的画。介绍了古代普韦布洛人的一些生活情况。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段“It was a fall day in 1888. Two cowboys came across what looked like a tall city carved into a cliff. It looked empty and lonely. The only sounds were the whistling wind and the crunch of ice underfoot. Where were they?(那是1888年秋天的一天。两个牛仔来到了一个看起来像是雕刻在悬崖上的高大的城市。它看起来空荡荡的，寂寞的。唯一的声音是呼啸的风声和脚下冰的嘎吱声。他们在哪里？)”以及第二段“The men had discovered the cliff homes of the ancient Pueblo at Mesa Verde. Soon, archaeologists rushed there to learn more about these people of long ago.(这些人在梅萨维德发现了古代普韦布洛人的悬崖家园。很快，考古学家们就赶到那里去了解更多关于很久以前这些人的情况)”可推知，第1段的目的是引入遗产保护的话题。故选D。
13．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“They made colored paints using nearby plants. Like many traditional people throughout the world, the ancient Pueblo painted hand prints on rock. They also used sharp stones to create rock carvings.(他们利用附近的植物制作彩色颜料。像世界上许多传统民族一样，古老的普韦布洛人在岩石上画手印。他们还用锋利的石头雕刻岩石)”可知，考古学家在悬崖遗址中发现古代普韦布洛人与其他部落有着相似的生活方式。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Pottery also provides clues about the lives of the ancient Pueblo. These ancient pots and dishes are in amazingly good shape, which seems to be sitting around for seven days instead of 700 years. They are like a vividly-written historical book telling us about everyday lives of the ancient Pueblo.(陶器也为了解古代普韦布洛人的生活提供了线索。这些古老的锅碗瓢盆保存得出奇的好，它们似乎只放置了7天，而不是700年。它们就像一本生动的历史书，告诉我们古代普韦布洛人的日常生活)”可知，上文提到陶器也为了解古代普韦布洛人的生活提供了线索，like表示“像”，即把这些陶器比喻成历史书，可以让我们了解古代普韦布洛人的日常生活。即划线句用了比喻修辞手法。故选D。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“They work with scientists and the government to protect the heritage sites.(他们与科学家和政府合作保护遗产遗址)”可知，现代普韦布洛人与政府合作保护他们的传统。故选A。
第二节 七选五
【答案】16. G 17. F 18. D 19. B 20. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讲述为什么要保护鲨鱼以及如何保护鲨鱼。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite rare. According to one estimate, however, humans kill 100 million sharks every year.(虽然鲨鱼袭击事件确实发生，但却非常罕见，然而，据估计，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼)”可知，人类每年杀死1亿只鲨鱼，下文“Why should we save the sharks?(为什么我们应该保护鲨鱼)”提到我们应该保护鲨鱼，所以G项“这个数字是一个警告，许多种类的鲨鱼可能会灭绝”符合语境，G项中“This number”指代上文的“100 million”，故选G项。
【17题详解】
上文“As sharks die off, the population of the animals that sharks consume will increase. This, in turn, means that the number of the creatures those animals eat will drop.(随着鲨鱼的死亡，鲨鱼所食用的动物的数量将会增加。反过来，这就意味着这些动物吃的生物数量会减少)”提到鲨鱼数量减少会使其引以为食的动物数量增加，这些动物引以为食的生物数量就会减少，结合下文“Fish that eat algae (藻类) are also included.(吃藻类的鱼也包括在内)”中的also可知，空处应是提到数量减少的生物包括哪些，F项“其中有一些是人类每天食用的海鱼”符合语境，F项中的“them”指代上文的“the creatures”，故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据下文“The ocean not only produces more oxygen than all the rainforests on Earth combined, but also removes half of the man-made greenhouse gas from the atmosphere. Once sharks die off, the global ecosystem will be upset, affecting all creatures including human beings.(海洋不仅产生的氧气比地球上所有热带雨林的总和还要多，而且还从大气中消除了一半的人为温室气体。一旦鲨鱼灭绝，全球生态系统将被破坏，影响到包括人类在内的所有生物)”可知，本段是讲述鲨鱼数量减少对全球的影响，D项“事实上，捕杀鲨鱼会影响到整个地球”统领本段，符合语境。故选D项。
【19题详解】
根据上文“First, vitamin energy drinks and leather goods can be made from shark parts.(首先，鲨鱼的部分可以制成维生素能量饮料和皮革制品)”及下文“In addition, shark meat is sold around the world, sometimes under misleading names such as rock salmon or whitefish.(此外，鲨鱼肉在世界各地销售，有时会被冠以误导性的名字，如岩鲑或白鱼)”可知，本段是描述鲨鱼制品，B项“鲨鱼油也被用于许多流行的美容产品中”符合语境，故选B项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Fishermen cut the shark’s fins off and then throw the shark back into the water, still alive.(渔民割下鲨鱼的鱼鳍，然后把还活着的鲨鱼扔回水中)”可知，被割掉鱼鳍的鲨鱼被扔回海里，结合下文“Sharks breathe by swimming, so a shark that can’t swim will die.(鲨鱼通过游泳呼吸，所以不会游泳的鲨鱼会死亡)”可知，没有鱼鳍的鲨鱼不会游泳，所以几天就会死亡，C项“然后鲨鱼慢慢死去，有时会持续几天”符合语境，故选C项。
第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分37.5分）
第一节 完形填空
【答案】21-25 DACBB 26-30 CBCCD 31-35 ADADA
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Owen和Stevie是要好的朋友，Owen搬去密苏里州后两人依然维持着友谊，趁着Owen的爸爸回到芝加哥出差，两家人安排了重聚，先对Stevie保密，然后Owen惊喜现身，给了Stevie一个惊喜的久别重逢。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Owen和Stevie是几年前在芝加哥的学校遇到的。A. cheated欺骗；B. debated辩论；C. fought战斗；D. met遇到。根据下文“They became close friends”可知，两人成了亲密的朋友，met“遇到”符合语境，讲述两人友谊的开始，先是在芝加哥的学校遇到。故选D。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们成了亲密的朋友，似乎没有什么能把他们分开。A. separate分开；B. attract吸引；C. damage损害；D. calm使平静。根据上文“They became close friends”可知，两人成了亲密的朋友，因此没有什么能把他们分开。故选A。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，他们的友谊在三年前受到挑战，当时Owen和他的家人搬到了密苏里州。A. recognized认可；B. built建成；C. challenged挑战；D. admired钦佩。根据下文“when Owen and his family moved to Missouri”可知，Owen和他的家人搬到了密苏里州，因此这样的分别会让友谊受到挑战。故选C。
24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Owen和Stevie决心保持他们的异地友谊。A. annoyed恼火的；B. determined下定决心的；C. confused困惑的；D. frightened害怕的。根据下文“to keep their long-distance friendship”可推知，determined“下定决心的”符合语境，表示虽然Owen搬到了密苏里州，但是两人决心保持他们的异地友谊。故选B。
25．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于不能每天见到他们最好的朋友，这并不容易。A. Therefore因此；B. However然而；C. Besides此外；D. Instead相反。根据下文“it wasn’t easy not being able to see their best friend every day”可知，此处语义与上文有转折，虽然两人有决心保持他们的异地友谊，但是实际上并不容易。故选B。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最近，Owen的爸爸计划去芝加哥出差。A. attacked攻击；B. threatened威胁；C. scheduled预先安排；D. forgiven原谅。根据下文“for a business trip to Chicago”可推知，scheduled“预先安排”符合语境，表示Owen的爸爸计划去芝加哥出差，be scheduled to do sth.是固定短语，意为“预定做……，计划做……”。故选C。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个家庭自然会利用这个难得的机会团聚。A. choice选择；B. opportunity机会；C. holiday假期；D. adventure冒险。根据上文“for a business trip to Chicago”可知，Owen的爸爸会来芝加哥出差，因此两个家庭会利用这个机会团聚。故选B。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们没有把这个好消息告诉Stevie，而是对他保密。A. joy喜悦；B. opinion意见；C. secret秘密；D. emotion情感。根据上文“Instead of telling Stevie the great news”可知，他们没有把这个好消息告诉Stevie，因此是对他保密。故选C。
29．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当大日子到来的时候，Stevie却完全被蒙在鼓里。A. hardly几乎没有；B. extremely非常；C. completely完全；D. likely可能。根据上文“Instead of telling Stevie the great news”可知，他们没有把这个好消息告诉Stevie，因此那天来临的时候，Stevie完全被蒙在鼓里。故选C。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天，Stevie的妈妈早早开车去接他。A. cycled骑自行车；B. ran跑步；C. walked步行；D. drove开车。根据下文“his mum’s car”可知，Stevie的妈妈是开车去接他。故选D。
31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：Stevie一点也不知道他最好的朋友在后座上等着他。A. waiting for等待；B. searching for搜索；C. focusing on专注于；D. taking control of控制。根据下文“in the back seat”可知，Owen此时就在Stevie妈妈的车后座上，一同来接Stevie放学，因此是等待着他。故选A。
32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Stevie拿着篮球到达他妈妈的车边时，Owen正躲在车里。A. left离开；B. pushed推；C. drove开车；D. reached到达。根据上文“to pick him up early”可知，Stevie的妈妈来接他，因此Stevie是到达他妈妈的车边。故选D。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，门一开，Stevie的眼睛也睁大了！A. eyes眼睛；B. basketball篮球；C. schoolbag书包；D. mother妈妈。根据上文“Yet the moment the door opened wide”和语境可推知，随着车门打开，Stevie会看到自己的好朋友Owen，因此会把眼睛睁大。故选A。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你在这儿干什么？！”Stevie惊喜地说。A. breath呼吸；B. apology道歉；C. wish愿望；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文Stevie看到自己的好朋友Owen可推知，他会因为这个意想不到的见面而惊喜。故选D。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我来芝加哥看望你！A. visiting拜访，看望；B. helping帮助；C. contacting联系；D. rescuing抢救。根据上文“for a reunion”可知，两家人计划着重聚，因此是看望Stevie。故选A。
第二节 语法填空
【答案】36. has become 37. To realize 38. where 39. praised 40. runs
41. as 42. a 43. impressive 44. dishes 45. its
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自英国的Fuchsia Dunlop喜欢中国的美食，来到成都学习烹饪技巧并为美食著书的故事。
【36题详解】考查时态。句意：自从2019新型冠状病毒疾病爆发以来，烹饪中餐已经成为她应对“无尽封锁”的一种方式。根据时间状语Since the outbreak of COVID-19可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语cooking Chinese food为动名词短语，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，即has become。故填has become。
【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了实现成为一名厨师的梦想，1994年她决定来到成都，在那里学习了当地的烹饪技巧。此处为非谓语动词，结合语意，她来到成都是为了实现成为厨师的梦想，所以用不定式形式作目的状语。故填To realize。
【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：为了实现成为一名厨师的梦想，1994年她决定来到成都，在那里学习了当地的烹饪技巧。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chengdu，先行词指地点，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，应用where引导从句。故填where。
【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：七年后，邓洛普出版了她的第一本书《四川烹饪》，被誉为“有史以来十大烹饪书籍之一”。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，praise与逻辑主语Sichuan Cookery之间是被动关系，所以空处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填praised。
【40题详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，她已经出版了五本关于中国美食的书籍，显示了她对中国人血液中流淌的饮食文化的深刻理解。分析句子结构，that引导定语从句，空处作从句谓语，从句描述现在的一般性事实，应用一般现在时，从句主语that指代先行词food culture，为单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填runs。
【41题详解】考查介词。句意：研究中国饮食文化近20年后，她认为江南是中国美食的中心。regard sth. as为固定搭配，表示“认为某物是……”，所以空处应用介词as。故填as。
42题详解】考查冠词。句意：关键时刻是2008年，她去了龙井草堂，一家杭州的餐馆。结合语意，此处泛指一家杭州的餐馆，空处应用不定冠词，restaurant是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。
【43题详解】考查形容词。句意：整个烹饪方法如此感人和令人印象深刻，以至于在那一刻，她决定写一本关于这个地区的书。空处与moving并列，应用形容词impressive，表示“令人印象深刻的”，作句子表语。故填impressive。
【44题详解】考查名词。句意：邓禄普说，通过展示菜肴，她试图描绘出该地区的一幅画面，并展示其不同方面，从宴会到街头美食。分析句子结构，空处应用名词形式作动词presenting的宾语，菜肴多种多样，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填dishes。
【45题详解】考查代词。句意：邓禄普说，通过展示菜肴，她试图描绘出该地区一幅画面，并展示其不同方面，从宴会到街头美食。结合语意，此处表示展示该地区的不同方面，应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
