容山中学2024届高三年级八月阶段考
英语试题
本试卷共8页，满分120分。考试时间120分钟。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Volunteering is a great way to develop new skills, gain experience and connect with others. If you are interested in volunteering, here are some recommended opportunities.
Invasive Species Management
Placencia, Belize
Make a difference by removing lion fish, an invasive species destroying reef ecosystems of the Caribbean. Learn to dive while removing lion-fish. Each week will differ but you will be participating in the following areas: Removing Invasive Lion-fish, Whale Shark Observation (if spotted), Biodiversity Identification Dive and Beach Clean-ups.
Marine Research Expedition
Tyrhenian Sea, Italy
You will join an international crew aboard a sailboat to work for the protection of our seas. And you will learn to collect data, organize and enjoy the sea at its best! Experience the sailing life in one of the world’s best spots for water sports. Gain experience in Marine Research in the field (under water). Get close up to dolphins and whales in the wild.
Wildlife Supporter
Port Elizabeth, South Africa
Volunteer at a Game Reserve that hosts the Big 5 and support the local staff in monitoring the animals. Work up close with the famous Big 5! Join our reserve for orphaned and injured non-dangerous animals. Make a difference in the rescue, rehabilitation (康复) and release of wildlife, giving them a second chance at being free and wild again.
Climate and Environmentalist Supporter
Hanga Roa, Chile
Be a volunteer on the amazing Easter Island in the middle of the Pacific Ocean and get involved in climate and nature protection. Responsibilities include teamwork in the climate protection program. collection of plant seeds, control of seed settlement on the plantation, conservation of native world plants and reforestation work.
1. What activity will volunteers do depending on good luck
A. Clean dolphins stuck on the beach B. Dive under water to see lion-fish.
C. Collect data on a marine animal. D. Monitor whale sharks carefully.
2. What is Tyrrhenian Sea famous for
A. Its marine life in deep water. B. Its perfect place for sailing.
C. Its wild dolphins and whales. D. Its best spot for marine researches.
3. Which activity is suitable for volunteers with medical experiences
A. Wildlife Supporter. B. Marine Research Expedition.
C. Invasive Species Management. D. Climate and Environmentalist Supporter.
B
Money Daniels spends several hours every week cleaning up cans and bottles in the rivers near his home with other teen environmentalists in Chattanooga, TN. Together, they have collected more than 1 ton of aluminum cans, nearly 1,000 cans a week for a year. In January, he co-founded a club called the Cleanup Kids with his best friend. The project’s mission: to encourage kids to pick up 1 million pounds of trash across the globe before the end of the year.
Daniels says he first developed a passion for wildlife when he was 3. “As far back as I can remember, I’ve always loved animals,” Daniels says. Marine life especially interests him. When he began discovering trash on walks along the river with his family, he immediately thought of his favorite sea creatures.
His mission now is saving the earth’s rivers, which he points out are even more polluted than the world’s oceans. “Eighty percent of the ocean’s trash comes from rivers,” he says. In 2019, he adopted the name Conservation Kid on Instagram, and started posting about things like how something as simple as a deserted face mask can entangle (缠住), choke, and kill turtles, birds, and fish. Mask waste has increased an estimated 9,000% since the pandemic (疫情) began.
Although he mostly speaks to other teens, Daniels has found that adults are often persuaded by his argument that cleaning up, recycling, and ridding plastic ought to be a selfish act for humanity: when plastics break down, they can wind up in our drinking water. He has met with the mayor of his city, and his experiences speaking with influential grownups has convinced him that adults can change their habits.
But, in truth, the burden to save the planet has landed on children like him. “Kids may be a small percent of the population, but we’re 100% of the future,” he says. “And we can save the world.”
4. What led to the birth of Daniel’s project
A. The inspiration from his best friend. B. The goal to make a role model for kids.
C. The concern for the ocean life. D. The idea of other teen environmentalists.
5. Which can be inferred from paragraph 3
A. The ocean’s trash has grown rapidly.
B. The river pollution requires less attention.
C. Many animals are infected in the pandemic.
D. River waste contributes most to the ocean’s trash.
6. Which of the following can best describe Money Daniels
A. Optimistic and creative. B. Caring and responsible.
C. Considerate and generous. D. Courageous and devoted.
7. What is the passage mainly about
A. Grownups’ selfish behaviors for humanity.
B. A teenager’s contributions to saving the waters.
C. A youngster’s responsibility to protect the world.
D. Teen environmentalists’ efforts to clean the oceans.
C
Desperately ill and seeking a miracle, David Bennett Sr. took the last bet on Jan. 7. when he became the first human to be successfully transplanted with the heart of a pig. “It creates the beat; it creates the pressure; it is his heart,” declared Bartley Griffith, director of the surgical team that performed the operation at the University of Maryland Medical Center.
Bennett, 57. held on through 60 tomorrows, far longer than any previous patient who’d received a heart from another species. His remarkable run offered new hope that such procedures, known as xenotransplantation (异种移植), could help relieve the shortage of replacement organs, saving thousands of lives each year.
The earliest attempts at xenotransplantation of organs, involving kidneys from rabbits, goats, and other animals, occurred in the early 20th century, decades before the first successful human-to-human transplants. Rejection, which occurs when the recipient’s body system recognizes the donor organ as a foreign object and attacks it, followed within hours or days. Results improved after some special drugs arrived in the 1960s, but most recipients still died after a few weeks. The record for a heart xenotransplant was set in 1983, when an infant named Baby Fae survived for 20 days with an organ from a baboon (狒狒).
In recent years, however, advances in gene editing have opened a new possibility: re-edit some genes in animals to provide user-friendly spare parts. Pigs could be ideal for this purpose, because they’re easy to raise and reach adult human size in months. Some biotech companies, including Revivicor, are investing heavily in the field. The donor pig was offered by Revivicor from a line of animals in which 10 genes had been re-edited to improve the heart’s condition. Beyond that, the pig was raised in isolation and tested regularly for viruses that could infect humans or damage the organ itself.
This medical breakthrough provided an alternative for the 20% of patients on the heart transplant waiting list who die while waiting or become too sick to be a good candidate.
8. What does the underlined word “run” in paragraph 2 refer to
A. Donating his heart to a patient. B. Performing the heart operation
C. Living for 60 days after the operation. D. Receiving a new heart from a pig.
9. Which aspect of xenotransplantation does paragraph 3 mainly focus on
A. Its history. B. Its procedure. C. Its consequence. D. Its significance.
10. What makes pigs ideal for providing spare parts in xenotransplantation
A. Their growth rate and health condition.
B. Their life pattern and resistance to viruses.
C. Their easiness of keeping and rapid growth.
D. Their investment value and natural qualities.
11. Why was Bennett’s operation regarded as a breakthrough
A. It introduced new medications to prevent organ rejection.
B. It proved the potential for using organs from various animals.
C. It guaranteed a sufficient supply of donor pigs for transplants.
D. It offered a prospect of replacement organs through gene editing.
D
In the animal kingdom, mimics (模仿) are not rare. Stick insects pretend to be twigs. Hawk moth caterpillars resemble poisonous snakes. The examples, though, are visual. Auditory mimicry is rarer. Danilo Russo of the University of Naples Federico Ⅱ thinks he has found a novel case of it, as he describes in Current Biology. Some bats, he believes, mimic angry bees in order to scare away owls that might otherwise eat them.
Dr. Russo first noticed bat buzzing a few years ago. The noise struck him as similar to the sound of some bees. He wondered whether bat buzzing was a form of mimicry which helped to scare off would-be predators.
To test this idea, he and his colleagues first recorded the buzzing that captured bats made. Then, with protective clothing, they began the more dangerous task of recording the buzzing made by different puter analysis revealed that bees’ and bats’ buzzing were, indeed, similar.
Then the researchers recruited several owls. They put the owls, one at a time, in an enclosure with branches for them to stay on, and two boxes with holes in them. They placed a loudspeaker alongside one of the boxes and, after the birds had settled in, broadcast through it five seconds of uninterrupted bat buzzing and a similar amount of insect buzzing three times in a row for each noise. As a control, they broadcast in like manner several non-buzzing sounds made by bats.
During the broadcasts and for five minutes thereafter, they videoed the owls. After analysis, the results were unequivocal. When they heard both the bat buzzing and the bee buzzing, the owls moved as far from the speakers as they could. In contrast, when the non-buzzing bat sounds were played, they crept closer.
Dr. Russo believes this is the first reported case of a mammal using auditory mimicry to scare away a predator. They strongly suspect, however, that it is not unique. Anecdotes suggest several birds also make buzzing noises when their pests are disturbed. And with the result of the experiment, he therefore predicts that auditory mimicry is far more widespread than currently realized.
12. What was Dr. Russo’s assumption of the study
A. Bats imitate the voice of angry bees to frighten away enemies.
B. The buzzing of bats is similar to the sound of some bees.
C. Auditory mimicry is rather common in the animal kingdom.
D. Only some bats have the capacity of auditory mimicry.
13. How did Dr. Russo test his idea
A. By consulting experts in this field B. By referring to other scholars’ analysis.
C. By collecting computer data. D. By conducting series of scientific experiments.
14. What does the underlined word “unequivocal” in paragraph 5 possibly mean
A. Disappointing. B. Controversial. C. Definite. D. Uncertain.
15. What is a suitable title for the text
A. A New Trick to Scare Away Owls B. Animal Mimicry: Buzz off
C. A Self-protection Behavior among Animals D. Bats: No More Victim to Owls
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Set Goals
Whether you have small dreams or high expectations, setting goals allows you to plan how you want to move through life. 16
Find out your life goals. Ask yourself some important questions about what you want for your life. What do you want to achieve today, in a year, and in your lifetime The answers to this question can be as general as “I want to be happy” or “I want to help people”. 17
Set specific (具体的) goals. Be specific and realistic about what it is that you want to achieve. Research shows that setting a specific goal makes you more likely to achieve it. 18 For example, “Be healthier” is too big and vague to be a helpful goal. “I want to eat more vegetables, and I want to run a marathon” is better.
Write out your goals. Be detailed, be clear, and include your steps. 19 Keep your list in a place where you can get informed frequently. This will help keep you motivated.
20 You may find yourself set in your ways concerning broad life goals, but take the time to reevaluate your smaller goals. Are you accomplishing them according to your timeline Are they still necessary to keep you on track towards your larger life goals Allow yourself the flexibility (灵活性) to make some small changes to your goals.
A. Adjust your goals
B. Track and measure your progress.
C. Having a plan will help push you ahead.
D. Writing them down tends to make them a little more real.
E. Here are some important ideas that you may find helpful
F. Consider what you hope to achieve in 10, 15, or 20 years
G. Remember that you may need to break large goals into smaller goals.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Jennifer Webb-McRae always knew what she wanted to be when she grew up.
She really never wanted to be anything else 21 a lawyer when she grew up and that was because her family kind of put that idea in her head. They used to say she 22 every point, so she should grow up and be a lawyer.
Webb-McRae was raised in New Jersey and received her law degree there. 23 , Webb-McRae was interested in family law, so she clerked for a judge 24 in that field. Later, she got a chance to work with the juvenile (未成年) justice system. During that time, she found she had a 25 for criminal law and decided to work for that.
Now, she feels fortunate to get a job representing juvenile defendants. Her responsibilities are complex and she says she has a role to 26 in this system. She works to help people make good choices, 27 when they are young. She recognizes the power of peer pressure that children face. She 28 the strong “no-snitching”(禁止告密) culture among young people that can block needed intervention.
To 29 this disturbing and worrying situation, Webb-McRae 30 an Annual Back to School Initiative. After just six years in 31 , the program now involves 40 schools. Earlier this year, Webb-McRae also started a community engagement series. She thinks everyone has a right to 32 the justice system is fair and just.
“Our justice system certainly is not 33 , but I’m passionate about doing my little 34 to make it better. I believe in action and moving the ball forward.” Webb-McRac hopes her example will 35 girls in New Jersey to pursue their dreams.
21. A. against B. besides C. but D. from
22. A. argued B. consulted C. made D. supported
23. A. Before long B. Early on C. At the same time D. Once in a while
24. A. caught B. blessed C. involved D. trapped
25. A. motive B. passion C. demand D. tolerance
26. A. bring B. direct C. take D. play
27. A. truly B. obviously C. especially D. certainly
28. A. acquires B. notes C. predicts D. follows
29. A. track B. battle C. seek D. question
30. A. instructed B. assumed C. programmed D. launched
31. A. existence B. suggestion C. treatment D. expectation
32. A. figure out B. point out C. make sure D. make sense
33. A. complete B. persuasive C. perfect D. reliable
34. A. career B. part C. mission D. thing
35. A. teach B. inspire C. help D. attract
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The local government of Zibo issued two open letters to all citizens. The government extended its gratitude for the citizens’ 36 (warm) and hospitality toward visitors coming to enjoy the city’s signature barbecue, 37 has recently become a hit across the country.
Since early March, Zibo local barbecue 38 (cause) a sensation online. But how did Zibo rise to fame From July 2022 to February 2023, Zibo organized many trips to the city for university students. Despite reaching peak visitation numbers, there was no sense of panic. Instead, several supportive 39 (policy) were promptly introduced, such as establishing a “Golden Stove Award”, forming a barbecue association, creating a map of Zibo barbecue restaurants, 40 launching 21 dedicated tourist routes that go beyond just barbecue.
Zibo’s sudden boom in popularity also resulted 41 the post-pandemic tourism revival China has experienced. The city aims to restore 42 (it) tourism industry and ensure sustainable growth. 43 (achieve) this goal, it has created 44 welcoming environment with convenient services for young people, particularly university students. The city has also invited students from distinguished universities to visit Zibo for free, 45 (signal) its eagerness to attract talented young individuals.
第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你校将举办中国文化节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：
1. 活动安排；
2. 欢迎他表演节目。
注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之成为一篇完整的短文。
Sandro was born and grew up in Milan Until he was 13 years old, he never wanted to leave his hometown. But last year, Sandro’s father’s investment went bad, wiping out the family and sending his parents to prison. As a teenager under 16 years old, Sandro was forced to go to Newcastle in the northeast of England to stay with his uncle Lawrence.
Sandro had a lot of difficulties in the new environment. He didn’t like the food in England. Nobody could forecast the weather in Newcastle. He had to start learning the second foreign language in his new school. Pocket money was not enough as usual. Almost every subject was a challenge for him. Most importantly, he had no friends. It seemed nobody knew him and he knew nobody in the school.
On an early summer evening, when Sandro was going home alone from school as usual, a man called him from behind. Sandro turned around and saw Eddie, his PE teacher, standing in front of him.
“You know, the school will have a swimming competition next month. There will be all kinds of races. Will you participate ” Eddie asked.
Sandro took a look at Eddie with doubt and answered, “You sure Me No. I won’t. I can swim, but I’m slower than a snail.”
Eddie smiled and then said, “Yes. Indeed. You are, in breaststroke (蛙泳), in backstroke, and in butterfly, but not in freestyle. So join the freestyle race! 200-meter freestyle is the game suitable for you.”
Sandro was speechless at that moment. He had never known someone in the school was observing him and caring for him.
“I don’t think I can win anything,” Sandro was still a little puzzled.
“But you may get more recognition and consequently you can make some friends. That is more important than prizes.” Eddie responded immediately.
Having hesitated for a while, Sandro agreed to have a try.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Every afternoon for the next month, Sandro trained really hard. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Sandro dived into the pool confidently like other competitors. ______________________________________________________
