高中英语阅读理解练习（25-26）
（25）
Mauna Loa, the world's largest active volcano, started erupting late Sunday in the U.S. island state of Hawaiiin the Pacific Ocean. The volcano last erupted 38 years ago. But it is not expected to put people in danger. The volcano rises more than 4,000 meters above sea level. It is on the largest of the five main Hawaiian Islands, also called Hawaii or the "Big Island." About 200,000 people live on the Big Island.
At this point, melted rock, called lava, is not expected to come near populated areas, but officials warned people to be ready to evacuate. The U.S. Geological Survey, or USGS, said the path of lava flows can change quickly. Ken Hon is the chief scientist at the USGS's Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. He said the eruption started on Sunday after a number of earthquakes.
Island officials warned people to stay away from the areas where lava is coming out because it can shoot 30 to 60 meters in the air. The gas coming from the eruption is also harmful. At the moment, however, the state said air quality on the island is good. Hon said the eruption could last one to two weeks if it follows historical patterns.
Bobby Camara lives on the Big Island. He said he has seen the volcano erupt three times. "I think everybody should be a little bit concerned," he said. "We don't know where the lava is going, we don't know how long it's going to last."
Another resident, Gunner Mench, got an alert about the eruption on his phone on Sunday night. He and his wife went outside and could see a red glow(微光) over the island. "Right now, it's just entertainment," he said, but he noted the concern that the lava could reach areas where people live.
The eruption is a new experience for many people on the island. There are more than twice as many people living there compared to the last time Mauna Loa erupted. State officials are most concerned about an area about 50 kilometers to the south of the volcano where about 5,000 people live. Hon said the lava could flow toward the city of Hilo, which has about 45,000 people. That could take about a week. Scientists say they hope the lava flows like it did in 1984, when it moved slowly.
There is some concern about weak areas on the southwestern part of the mountain. If lava escapes from that area, it could threaten places where people live in just hours or days. Hon said the lava has never come up through that area during past eruptions. He said people living in those areas "do not have to worry about lava flows."
The governor of Hawaiiis David Ige. He said there might be some gas, ash and other material in the air due to the eruption. He asked people who have problems breathing to "take precautions."
The Big Island mayor is Mitch Roth. He said the eruption "will be spectacular," but he does not think it will cause problems for people visitingHawaii. He said many people come to Hawaii to see volcanoes, but they have to travel a long way to a national park. Now, they can see an eruption much more easily. "You can just look out your window at night and you'll be able to see Mauna Loa erupting," he said.
（567 words）
根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：
1.Which statement about Mauna Loa is untrue
A. It is the largest active volcano in the world.
B. It is about four thousand meters high.
C. It is the largest Island in Hawaii.
D. Its last eruption happened about 40 years ago.
2. After the volcano broke out, _____________.
A. the path of lava flows changed quickly.
B. officials asked people to stay away from their homes for safety.
C. a number of earthquakes happened.
D. air quality on the island is still good
3. What does the underlined word evacuate mean
A. celebrate B. retreat C. worry D. approach
4. In the past, Mauna Loa’s eruptions usually last ________.
A. one or two hours B. one or two days
C. one to two weeks D. one or two months
5. According to their words, who may be notconcerned about the eruption
A. Ken Hon and Bobby Camara
B. Bobby Camara and Gunner Mench
C. David Ige and Mitch Roth
D. Gunner Mench and Mitch Roth
（26）
Restaurants, farmers, and food businesses are turning to chemistry and physics to deal with the problem of food waste. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the ripening process in fruit and packets to keep food fresh. Others are developing digital sensors that can tell when meat is safe to eat. Experts say growing awareness of the costs of food waste has led to more efforts to deal with the problem.
ReFed is a group that studies food waste. It says new businesses have raised $300 billion in 2021, double the amount raised in 2020, to deal with the problem. The group estimatesthat in 2019, around 35 percent of food available in the U.S.— worth about $418 billion — went unsold or uneaten.
Many companies are working on ways to help reduce food waste. Sweden-based Innoscentia is developing a sensor that can show if meat is safe to eat by measuring the buildup of microbes（微生物） inside its container. And Ryp Labs, based in the U.S. and Belgium, is working on a sticker（贴纸） for fruits and vegetables that would release gas to slow ripening（成熟）. SavrPak has developed a plant-based packet that can fit inside a container and take in moisture（水分）, helping keep the food inside hotter and crispier.
But the cost can be a barrier for some companies and shoppers. Kroger, the largest food-store company in the U.S., ended its deal with Apeel Sciences this year. The deal ended because Kroger said shoppers were not willing to pay more for fruits with Apeel's special covering to keep them fresh. Apeel says its special covering is made of common food additives(添加剂). It says treated avocados can last a few extra days, while treated oranges can last for several weeks. The company says that it continues to talk to Kroger about other future technology.
Another big issue is how to deal with different care requirements for different kinds of food to prevent waste. "There is no one major change that can improve the situation," said Randy Beaudry of Michigan State University's school of agriculture. Beaudry said the complexity of the issue has caused some food waste projects to fail. He added that it is also hard to sort out which technology works best since new companies do not always share data with outside researchers.
Some companies find it better to use proven technology in new ways. For example, Chicago-based Hazel Technologies has been selling a chemical compound, called 1-MCP, that is used in a room to slow the ripening process in fruit. The company now sells packets that can slowly release 1-MCP into small containers of fruits.
Mike Mazie oversees(监管) BelleHarvest, a large apple packing facility in Belding, Michigan. He ordered around 3,000 of the packets this year to use for apples that could not fit inside rooms treated with the compound. "If you can get another week out of a bushel of apples, why wouldn't you " he said. "It absolutely makes a difference."
The science is promising, but it is only part of the solution, said Yvette Cabrera. She is the director of food waste for the Natural Resources Defense Council. Most food waste happens at home, she said. Reducing food sizes, buying smaller quantities, or improving the accuracy of freshness date could have even more effects than new technology. "Overall as a society, we don't value food as it should be valued," Cabrera said.
(567 words)
（注：红色字表示已经在之前的文章中学习过。）
根据文章内容，选择最佳答案：
1. If the digital sensor is successful, we can ______________ with it.
A. slow the ripening process in fruit
B. keep food fresh in packets
C. well know when meat is safe to eat
D. reduce food waste a lot.
2. What’s the difficulty for the companies to spread their developments
A. People don’t think it’s necessary to do that.
B. People thinks they don’t work well.
C. People don’t want to pay for the developments.
D. People like a natural ways to deal with their food.
3. Yvette Cabrera thinks the followings are the better ways to prevent food wasting except _____.
A. using proven technology in new ways
B. Reducing food sizes
C. buying smaller quantities
D. improving the accuracy of freshness date
4. From the report we can learn that none of the new ways is perfect because ______.
A. new companies do not always share data with outside researchers.
B. the companies couldn’t raise enough money to carry their projects on.
C. it is difficult to deal with different care requirements for different kinds of food to prevent waste.
D. there is too much waste of food for the companies to deal with.
5. What does the underlined word promising mean
A. 有信用的 B. 有希望的 C. 可预测的 D. 令人失望的高中英语阅读理解练习答案及句子精讲（25-26）
答案：（25）1C 2D 3B 4C 5D
（26）1C 2C 3A 4C 5B
句子精讲：（25）
1. "Right now, it's just entertainment," he said, but he noted the concern that the lava could reach areas where people live.
“现在，这只是娱乐，”他说，但他指出，人们担心熔岩可能会到达人们居住的地区。
-- entertainment [,ent 'teinm nt] n.娱乐；款待
（人教版高中英语， 必修4， Unit 1）
-- entertain [,ent 'tein] v.娱乐；招待
-- entertaining[,ent 'teini ]a.令人愉快的
（人教版高中英语， 必修4， Unit 3）
【例句】
1). He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes.
他既讲故事又说笑话，把我们逗得乐了好几个小时。
2). Barbecues are a favourite way of entertaining friends.
烤肉野餐是最受人喜爱的待客方式。
3). She was always so funny and entertaining.
她总是那么风趣，令人愉快。
4). There will be live entertainment at the party.
联欢会上将有现场表演节目。
5). He is providing for the entertainment of his guests.
他正在为招待客人作准备。
2. There is some concern about weak areas on the southwestern part of the mountain.
人们对这座山西南部的薄弱区域有一些担忧。
-- weakness ['wi:knis] n.缺点；软弱
（人教版高中英语， 必修3， Unit 2）
-- weak [wi k] adj. 虚弱的，易损坏的，懦弱的，
【例句】
1). She is still weak after her illness.
她病后仍然虚弱。
2). He was a weak little mouse of a man.
他是个懦弱无能的人。
3). The sudden weakness in her legs made her stumble.
她突然两腿发软踉跄了一下。
3. He asked people who have problems breathing to "take precautions."
他要求呼吸有问题的人“采取预防措施”。
--caution [ k n] n. 小心;谨慎;慎重;
--precaution [pr k n] n. 预防措施;预防;防备;
【例句】
1). The girls were afraid of snakes and picked their way along with extreme caution.
女孩子们害怕蛇，走路时格外小心。
2). Caution! This truck is reversing.
小心！卡车在倒车。
3). I'll keep the letter as a precaution.
我要保存这封信，以防万一。
4). They took precautions against fire.
他们采取了防火措施。
4. He said the eruption "will be spectacular," but he does not think it will cause problems for people visiting Hawaii.
他说，火山喷发“将是壮观的”，但他认为这不会给前往夏威夷的游客带来问题。
-- spectacular [spek t kj l (r)] adj. 壮观的;壮丽的;令人惊叹的
n. 壮观的场面;精彩的表演
【例句】
1). This is a spectacular film.
这是一部场面壮观的电影。
2). But even in viewing the most spectacular sights the eyes are lazy.
哪怕是在看最壮观的场面时，他们的眼睛懒洋洋的。
（26）
1. Some companies are testing coverings to slow the ripening process in fruit and packets to keep food fresh.
一些公司正在测试覆盖物以减缓水果的成熟过程，也在测试包装以保持食物新鲜。
-- packet ['p kit] n.小包裹
(人教版高中英语 必修3， Unit 2)
【例句】
1）. A packet of photographs arrived with the mail.
一包照片邮寄来了。
2. Sweden-based Innoscentia is developing a sensor that can show if meat is safe to eat by measuring the buildup of microbes（微生物） inside its container.
总部位于瑞典的Innoscentia公司正在开发一种传感器，该传感器可以通过测量肉类容器中微生物的积聚数量来判断肉类是否可以安全食用。
-- build up [bild p] 逐步建立
(人教版高中英语 必修4， Unit 2)
-- buildup (n.) 积聚，增长；加强；积累；储备;吹捧；
【例句】
1). It may take a few weeks for you to build up your strength again.
可能需要几个星期你才能恢复体力。
2). Heavy enemy buildup along the river has been reported.
敌军沿河大量集结的消息已有报告。
3). They spent a lot of money on her buildup.
他们为给她做广告花掉不少钱。
-- contain [k n'tein] v.包含，包括
(人教版高中英语 必修2， Unit 4)
-- container (n.) 容器
【例句】
1). This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.
这种饮料不含任何酒精。
2). Keep what's left in a covered container in the fridge.
把剩下的食物装入带盖的容器，放进冰箱。
3. SavrPak has developed a plant-based packet that can fit inside a container and take in moisture（水分）, helping keep the food inside hotter and crispier.
SavrPak开发了一种以植物为基础的包装，这种包装可以装在容器里并吸收水分，帮助保持容器内的食物更热、更脆。
-- crisp [krisp] n.炸薯片
(人教版高中英语 必修3， Unit 2)
-- crispy [ kr spi] adj. 脆的，酥脆的，鲜脆的;
【例句】
1). The kids were munching crisps in front of the tv.
孩子们在电视前大嚼炸薯片。
2). It is a kind of fried food that tastes delicious and crispy.
它是一种油炸类食物，味道可口，香脆。
4. Beaudry said the complexity of the issue has caused some food waste projects to fail.
博德里说，这个问题的复杂性导致了一些食物垃圾项目的失败。
-- complex ['k mpleks] a.复杂的；合成的
(人教版高中英语 必修3， Unit 2)
-- complexity (n.) 复杂性;难懂;难题;
【例句】
1). No computer can imitate the complex functions of the human brain.
任何计算机都无法模拟人脑的复杂功能。
2). I was astonished by the size and complexity of the problem.
这个问题的复杂性和涉及面之广使我感到惊讶。
5. Reducing food sizes, buying smaller quantities, or improving the accuracy of freshness date could have even more effects than new technology.
减少食品分量、减少购买量或提高保鲜日期的准确性，都可能比新技术产生更大的影响。
-- accurate [' kj r t] a.精确的，准确无误的
(人教版高中英语 必修5， Unit 4)
-- accuracy [ kj r si] n. 精确(程度);准确(性)
【例句】
1). My watch is not very accurate.
我的表走得不很准。
2). She hits the ball with great accuracy.
她击球十分准确。
