Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Reading and Thinking
一、填空
1.What was perhaps most astonishing about Mr. Jobs was the absolute ______(loyal) he managed to inspire in customers.
2.I rid myself of many useless ______(belong) and habits that bothered me.
3.At the sight of this _______(cruel), he could hardly contain his anger.
4.Your debt situation is only temporary, and it is within your power ______(resolve) it.
5.The valley _______(blanket) with snow.
6.She remained _______(bitter) opposed to the idea of moving abroad.
7.Many of us have tried to lose weight and failed ______(miserable).
8.They made a _____(resolve) to go climbing Mount Tai on Sunday.
9.With faith and _____(persevere), Goodall finally overcame all the difficulties.
10.He asked me to take fewer _____(belong) as there was little room left in our car.
11.If you don't have an aim, you will drift like an _____(abandon) ship at sea.
12.Never will I forget my first _____(assign) at the office of a popular English newspaper.
13.I was always an _____(enthusiasm) reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.
14.Before I entered the competition, I had mixed program of strength and _____(endure) training.
15.In my opinion, there is no evidence indicating that he is a _____(qualify) doctor.
二、阅读理解
Once upon a time, a daughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time.
Her father, a chef, took her to the kitchen. He filled three pots with water and placed each on a high fire. Once the three pots began to boil, he placed potatoes, eggs and coffee beans in them. After 20 minutes, he took them out, putting the potatoes and eggs in a bowl and the coffee in a cup.
Turning to his daughter, he said, "Look closer, and touch the potatoes." She did and noted that they were soft. He then asked her to take an egg and break it. After pulling off the shell, she observed the hard-boiled egg. Finally, he asked her to taste the coffee. Its good smell brought a smile to her face.
"Father, what does this mean ” she asked. He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity(逆境)—the boiling water. However, each one reacted differently.
The strong and hard potato became soft and weak in boiling water. The egg was fragile, with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid until it was put in the boiling water. Then the inside of the egg became hard. However, the coffee beans were unique. After they were exposed to the boiling water, they changed the water and created something new. "Which one do you want to be like," he asked. "When adversity knocks on your door, how will you respond "
In life, challenges happen to us all, but the only thing that truly matters is what happens within us.
1.Why did the girl complain to her father
A.Because of her hard life. B.Because of her tiring job.
C.Because of her father's busy work. D.Because of the food her father cooked.
2.What can we infer from this story
A.The girl liked the coffee best.
B.The father was good at cooking.
C.The girl didn't like the potatoes and eggs.
D.Different people have different reactions to adversity.
3.What does the underlined word "fragile" mean in the fourth paragraph
A.Thick. B.Easily-broken. C.Strong. D.Hard.
4.What would be the best title for the passage
A.Father and daughter B.Adversities and a chef
C.A chef and coffee beans D.Challenges and responses
The phrase "live, love and laugh" was one my cousin Roger lived by every day of his life. Even in his sickness, he found the positive sides in what some would see as a negative situation. He enjoyed life. He loved to laugh and most importantly, he lived life to the fullest. He loved to travel, learning new things about different people and their culture.
Roger was born and raised in Alabama, and he then moved to Buffalo, New York where he lived for many years until he relocated to Atlanta, Georgia, his final resting place.
Whether his travels were long visits or short visits, in large cities or small towns, his favorite souvenir was T-shirts. Everywhere he went he would buy a T-shirt to remind himself of his travel. Every T-shirt he owned had a story behind it that he would share with others.
As long as he was laughing, living and traveling, he was happy. He loved everybody he came in contact with and everybody loved him. The old saying "He never met stranger." definitely applied to Roger and his life.
His last few years of life were in hospital at least 10—15 days a month, sometimes more. Two weeks before he passed away, I spoke with him on the phone, and even then he managed to tell jokes about life.
I know he left this world happily; he refused to allow anything or anyone to hold him down, even his severe illnesses. He is definitely a model when it comes to not allowing any situation to keep you from moving forward in life.
I will forever miss his smile and his love for life. My cousin Roger knew the true meaning of the phrase "live, love and laugh".
5.What does the author think of Roger
A.He was a foolish man. B.He was rich in spirit.
C.He had a healthy body. D.He pretended to be happy.
6.What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 probably refer to
A.A T-shirt. B.A story. C.A stranger. D.A place.
7.What can we learn from the text
A.Roger had few good friends. B.Roger was afraid of his illness.
C.Roger seldom contacted the author. D.Roger was loved by everyone who knew him.
8.What's the author's purpose in writing this passage
A.To feel pity for Roger.
B.To encourage readers to help others.
C.To encourage readers to be positive all the time.
D.To show that health is the most important thing.
答案以及解析
一、填空
1.答案：loyalty
2.答案：belongings
3.答案：cruelty
解析：句意: 见此残暴情形, 他无法克制自己的愤怒。cruelty n.残酷; 残忍; 残酷的行为。
4.答案：to resolve
5.答案：was/is blanketed
6.答案：bitterly
7.答案：miserably
8.答案：resolution
解析：句意:他们决定周日去爬泰山。make a resolution意为“决定,下决心”。
9.答案：perseverance
解析：句意:凭着信心和毅力,古德尔终于战胜了一切困难。所填词作介词的宾语,所以用名词形式。
10.答案：belongings
解析：句意:他让我少拿点儿财物,因为在我们的车里几乎没有空间了。所填词作宾语,所以用名词形式。根据fewer可知,该词要用复数形式。
11.答案：abandoned
解析：句意:如果没有目标,你就会像大海上的弃船一样随波逐流。根据句意可知,此处表示“被遗弃的”,所以用abandoned。
12.答案：assignment
解析：句意:我永远不会忘记我在一家畅销英文报纸的办公室的第一项工作任务。所填词作宾语,所以用名词形式。
13.答案：enthusiastic
解析：句意:我一直是个热心的读者,小时候有时一天读三本书。由语境可知,此处要填形容词形式。
14.答案：endurance
解析：句意:我在参赛之前做了一些混合性的包括力量和耐力的训练。根据前面的strength可知,此处应用名词,所以填endurance。
15.答案：qualified
解析：句意:在我看来,没有证据表明他是个合格的医生。所填词修饰名词,所以用形容词形式。
二、阅读理解
答案：1-4.ADBD
解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"Once upon a time, a laughter complained to her father that her life was unhappy and that she was tired of struggling all the time."可知女孩向她的父亲抱怨是因为她艰难的生活。故选A。
2.推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的"He then explained that the potatoes, the eggs and the coffee beans were in the same adversity—the boiling water. However, each one reacted differently."可知,不同的人对逆境有不同的反应,故选D。
3.词义猜测题。由画线词后的"with the thin outer shell protecting its liquid"可知鸡蛋是易碎的,所以fragile的意思是“易碎的”,B选项与fragile的意思最接近,故选B。
4.标题归纳题。文章介绍一个女孩向父亲抱怨,说她的生活不快乐,她厌倦了一直在奋斗。父亲将她带到厨房,把土豆、鸡蛋和咖啡豆分别放在盆里煮,让孩子看这三种东西的反应,从而启发孩子在逆境的时候应该怎么做。所以文章主要讲的是生活中的挑战和你的反应,故选D。
答案：5-8 BADC
解析：5.推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 罗杰无论什么时候都热爱生活, 积极面对生活。故B项符合题意。
6.代词指代题。根据第三段最后一句话可知, 罗杰拥有的每一件T恤衫背后都有一个他愿意和他人分享的故事。由此可知, it指代的是a T-shirt。
7.细节理解题。根据第四段第二句话可知, 罗杰爱着身边的每一个人, 大家也都很爱他。
8.目的意图题。本文主要讲述了罗杰无论何时都热爱生活, 积极乐观地面对生活的故事。由此可知, 作者写这篇文章的目的是鼓励读者积极面对生活。
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