乌鲁木齐市第61中学2022-2023学年
高二下学期3月月考 英语试题
总分120分 考试时间120分钟
一、阅读理解（共30分）
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y., today is speech day, and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.
But he’s nervous. “I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. “…Vote for …me …” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls (回想起) how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student,” Whaley explains, “especially for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don’t know, but I want to know.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
1．What made Chris nervous
A．Telling a story. B．Making a speech.
C．Taking a test. D．Answering a question.
2．What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to
A．Improper pauses. B．Bad manners. C．Spelling mistakes. D．Silly jokes.
3．We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A．help students see their own strengths
B．assess students’ public speaking skills
C．prepare students for their future jobs
D．inspire students’ love for politics
4．Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher
A．Humorous. B．Ambitious. C．Caring. D．Demanding.
Want to explore new cultures, meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time You can do all the three with Global Development Association(GDA). Whatever stage of life you’re at, wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA, you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community(社区).
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds. Most of our volunteers are aged 17-24. Now we need volunteer managers aged 25-75. They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers, mountain leaders, and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures. You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both 4-week and 7-week programmes:
Country Schedule
4-week programmes 7-week programmes
Algeria 5 Jul. — 1 Aug. 20 Jun. — 7 Aug.
Egypt 24 Jul. — 20 Aug. 19 Jun. — 6 Aug.
Kenya 20 Jul. — 16 Aug. 18 Jun. — 5 Aug.
South Africa 2 Aug. — 29 Aug. 15 Jun. — 2 Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed. All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.There is no other chance like a GDA programme. Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website:www.glodeve.org
Email:humanresources@glodeve.org
5．What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers
A．To seek local partners. B．To take in young volunteers.
C．To carry out programmes. D．To foster cultural awareness.
6．The programme beginning in August will operate in ________.
A．Egypt B．Algeria C．Kenya D．South Africa
7．The shared goal of GDA’s projects to ________.
A．explore new cultures B．protect the environment
C．gain corporate benefit D．help communities in need
There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress.
On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness.
Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes about the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes.
We should embrace our heritage（传统）through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.
8．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article
A．To help motivate homesickness. B．To show national identity.
C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority.
9．What does the underlined “it”in Paragraph2 refer to
A．The specific traditional food. B．The national culture.
C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste.
10．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant
A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes.
B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil.
C．To make the dishes popular among customers.
D．To present their own food culture in a new way.
11．What’s the author’s attitude towards different food cultures
A．Negative. B．Balanced.
C．Unfair. D．Unchangeable.
“Wow, this carrot is shaped like a spaceship!”
As a child, I’d always been drawn to strangely shaped vegetables in the produce aisle: horseshoe eggplants, flat bell peppers, three-legged carrots...but as time passed, TV ads and perfect supermarket displays taught me that tomatoes should always be perfectly round, carrots straight and apples bright red. I was taught that what looked nice must taste nice.
Today, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) acts much like Vogue and Cosmopolitan, setting unrealistic beauty expectations on how produce ought to look, down to the exact color, shape and size. But appearance is a poor indicator of flavor, nutritional value and even freshness. Food stylists in TV ads have conditioned us to see pretty as delicious and nutritious. However, Linda Hagen, a professor of consumer behavior from the University of Southem Califomia, denies the connection between beauty and nutrition, explaining that it is just another marketing strategy used by food companies to increase sales.
In the United States alone, an estimated six billion pounds of ugly produce is left unharvested, unsold and uneaten every year. That’s enough food to feed three million people for a whole year!
The discarding of imperfect produce is not just wasteful; it also contributes significantly to climate change. Rotting produce creates large amounts of methane, a greenhouse gas 28 times more effective than carbon dioxide. When supermarkets toss away an ill-shaped tomato, they are also tossing away all of the fertilizer, water and energy that went into growing, storing and transporting that tomato.
I’ve decided to take this issue into my own hands. Working with local farms, markets, meal centers and food banks, I have rescued over 4, 500 pounds of edible, nutritious, often organic, ugly produce in my city. However, helping can be a lot easier than driving from farm to farm every weekend.
12．How does the writer find the USDA
A．Inactive. B．Invaluable.
C．Inaccessible. D．Irresponsible.
13．What is Prof. Linda Hagen’s attitude towards the outside beauty of produce？
A．It reflects the inside value of produce.
B．It’s a reasonable marketing strategy.
C．It’s by no means connected with nutrition.
D．It indicates flavor, nutrition and freshness.
14．What will be talked about next
A．Some simple ways to rescue ugly produce.
B．Some other countries that waste produce.
C．Some stories of the writer visiting farms.
D．Some new discoveries by food professionals.
二、七选五(共10分)
Does Drinking Alcohol Make You Gain Weight
If you are trying to maintain a healthy weight, the first step is to look at what you’re eating regularly and assess whether it helps you meet your nutritional goals. ___15___ What you drink is a big factor as well, so there are a few things you may want to know about alcohol intake and body composition.
Alcohol’s high in calories.
In general, alcohol is high in calories. ___16___ When you look at mixers like juices, soda, cream, whipped cream or coconut milk, the calories in an alcoholic beverage can be really high.
___17___
Hormones（荷尔蒙）play a crucial role in the healthy functioning of all the body`s tissues and organs. Drinking alcohol can impair the functions of the brain parts that release hormones and the functions of the tissues targeted by those hormones, which can result in a range of health issues.
Alcohol makes it harder to get quality sleep.
___18___ However, consumption of alcohol—especially in excess—has been linked to poor sleep quality and duration. In fact, individuals who are dependent on alcohol commonly experience insomnia（失眠）symptoms.
It can make you feel hungry.
After a couple of drinks, you're more likely to grab whatever quick and easy snack without really thinking about it. ___19___ First of all, alcohol can cause blood sugar levels to dip. Also, it's found that alcohol affects an area of the brain that controls appetite and this can cause intense hunger after drinking.
There's also evidence that excessive alcohol consumption has been linked to an increased risk of cancer, heart disease, mental illness, and other problems.
A．It's not unusual for people to use alcohol as a sleep aid.
B．Protein and carbohydrates have 4 calories per gram but alcohol has 7.
C．Those hunger pangs are caused by a couple of different things.
D．But it`s not just about food.
E．Alcohol keeps your body from burning fat.
F．Those intense hunger cues can make you reach for high-calorie foods.
G．It messes with your hormones.
三、完形填空(共30分)
TikTok, a social media app dedicated to short-form videos, has emerged as a major firer of food trends — from mushroom coffee and pancake cereal to cloud bread and feta pasta. But another trend, the #whatieatinaday trend, is dominating TikTok, which is nearing 9 billion ____20____.
Even though #whatieatinaday posts may be ____21____ to serve as healthy inspiration for others, there’s a growing feeling that these video diaries of daily eats will likely do more harm than good — especially among young girls or people with a history of disordered eating.
The ____22____ message these posts send is that if you eat like them, then you can eventually look like them. Yet what someone else eats in a day doesn’t mean it’s right for you, since these “____23____” videos are not a completely accurate representation of what someone typically eats.
Often the overly stylized (程式化) meals do not ____24____ a nutritionally adequate diet. The posts are ____25____ the illusion (幻想) of an ideal day of eating, along with an ideal body size.
Younger audiences, especially girls and young women, internalize the message that they must eat like these creators to achieve and maintain not only health, but also social ____26____. The biggest harm with this trend is that it normalizes disordered or ____27____ eating behaviors. This could prevent someone struggling with an eating disorder from ____28____ support or treatment.
Even if the #whatieatinaday posts are displaying a ______29______ day of eating, the subtext message of “eat like me, and you will look like me” is harmful because people will not necessarily achieve the same body size as the ______30______ even if they copied their day of eating bite for bite.
______31______, what might be a healthy, adequate day of satisfying meals for one person may be inadequate and unsatisfying to another. Even worse, someone looking at these posts may conclude that they need to be eating half as much to ______32______.
People making these videos are overwhelmingly thin, young, able-bodied and white. There is a complete lack of body ______33______. And this encourages harmful comparisons to unrealistic body standards that are ______34______ to the vast majority of people. Therefore, those of us from marginalized communities are once again unable to see positive representations of our varying bodies, foods and cultural representation in these harmful posts.”
20．A．views B．statements C．analyses D．identities
21．A．emphasized B．simplified C．requested D．intended
22．A．moral B．scientific C．potential D．instant
23．A．modern B．staged C．educational D．labelled
24．A．prioritize B．commercialize C．recognize D．exchange
25．A．promoting B．representing C．spoiling D．perfecting
26．A．welfare B．equality C．desirability D．justice
27．A．individual B．instinctive C．restrictive D．changeable
28．A．attracting B．seeking C．losing D．offering
29．A．fixed B．balanced C．relaxing D．demanding
30．A．reader B．advertiser C．browser D．poster
31．A．Therefore B．Finally C．Additionally D．Meanwhile
32．A．lose weight B．share interests C．assume burden D．make contributions
33．A．language B．diversity C．warmth D．response
34．A．available B．predictable C．inadequate D．unachievable
四、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文(共10分)
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A．artificial B．reflect C．remains D．accidentally E. overtaken F. recover G. disappearance H. functionally I. scheme J. adaptations K. preserved
A Mammoth ProjectA US company called Colossal has raised 11 million dollars to bring mammoths (猛犸象) back from extinction. Mammoths died out about 3,700 years ago but their bodies are sometimes ____35____ in ice. This allows scientists to ____36____ their DNA, which could hold the key to bringing mammoths back to life.
A team of scientists at Colossal plan to use information from mammoth ____37____ to edit the DNA of Asian elephants — their closest living relatives. The team will focus on DNA that is linked to bushy hair and other ____38____ for cold weather. These were what helped mammoths survive on the Arctic steppe — ancient chilly grasslands. By adding this DNA to egg cells from Asian elephants, they hope to create an elephant-mammoth mix, which could develop into a baby either inside a living Indian elephant or in a(n) ____39____ organ.
Colossal hopes that the first set of calves could be born this way in six years. “We want something that is ____40____ equivalent to the mammoth, that will enjoy its time at - 40°C and do all the things that elephants and mammoths do, in particular knocking down trees,” said Church, the founder of Colossal. It’s hoped that the destructive habits of the hybrids (杂交种) could help restore areas of Arctic steppe that have been ____41____ by trees since mammoths became extinct. That can help keep the world cooler.
Arctic grasslands ____42____ more heat from the Sun than forests and can absorb more of the gases released by human activity. However, not everyone agrees with the ____43____. Professor Adrian says the extinction of mammoths had little to do with the _____44_____ of steppe grasslands. He points out that it would take thousands of mammoths to have an effect on the environment.
五、根据汉语意思填写单词(共10分)
45．According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Nino’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the _______(联系). （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
46．I knew very well that the problem was __________ (复杂的) than he supposed. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
47．As a__________(证明)of his love, he spent all his money on a ring for her. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
48．Previous teaching experience is a necessary ________ (资格) for this job. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
49．When he lost everything , he became ________ (绝望的). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
50．As an applicant, you will be asked what your highest education ______(资历；学历) is. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
51．The school was used as a hospital for the ________ (期间) of the war. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
52．When your talent can’t support your________(野心), you should get down to learning.（根据汉语提示单词拼写）
53．He has been brought in to _______（加强）the defence. （根据汉语提示单词拼写）
54．Computer programming needs someone with a________(合逻辑的)mind. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
六、短文改错(共10分)
55．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Liu Fang,
Today the weather was wonderful, so I went out to the local park with some friends to fly kites. It seemed that half the city joined in us, so we had trouble find a good place to stand. But I felt so relaxing when we were done.
Over lunch, I was told that kites were invented by a man naming Mozi, who was something of a philosopher and worked hardly to bring peace between warring countries. He also created many clever inventions from wood. I think it is so wonderful that Mozi could invent something would bring relaxation and happiness to such many people. I never thought to yourself that something like kites needed a inventor.
Anyway, I have to do my homeworks. Talk to you later!
Love,
Peter
七、作文(共20分)
56．Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given in Chinese.
假设你是李华，你的英语老师把你班同学分成几个小组来调查班里患近视(short-sightedness)的同学的人数和原因。你们小组调查后做了如下图所示的统计，请解析下面的饼状图，并谈谈你的看法及建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高二英语月考 答案
1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C
【导语】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了纽约一所小学二年级的老师树立信心，看到自己的优点，发起一项总统竞选演讲活动。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“today is speech day(今天是演讲日)”和“With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.(他有着明亮的黑眼睛，似乎是那种喜欢公开演讲的孩子。)”以及第二段第一句“But he’s nervous.(但是他很紧张。)”可知，Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据第二段““I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…” Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.(“我今天在这里告诉你为什么你应该……应该……”克里斯说到了“-ld”，这是许多非英语母语人士的发音困难。)”可知，他发ld困难，故推知是他有些结巴，停顿不准确，stumbles的意思是“不适当的停顿”，即Improper pauses，故选A。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.(威利说，这个项目不仅仅是学习在公众面前阅读和说话。他想让这些孩子学会自我吹嘘。)”以及最后一段““Boasting about yourself, and your best qualities,” Whaley says, “is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”(“吹嘘自己和自己最好的品质，”威利说，“对于一个走进教室却不自信的孩子来说是非常困难的。”)”可知，Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势，培养自信，故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president.(威利的这个二年级总统竞选项目的灵感来自于他有一天让孩子们举起手，如果他们认为自己永远不会成为总统。)”和“He wants these kids to learn to boast (夸耀) about themselves.(他想让这些孩子学会自我吹嘘。)”可知，这位老师很关心学生的成长。故选C。
5．C 6．D 7．D
【解析】本文是一则广告。Global Development Association(GDA)致力于积极的改变贫穷和偏远的社区，在这里能探索新的文化，结识新朋友，同时做一些有价值的事。文章为GDA招募志愿者并介绍了今年夏天的具体项目。
5．细节理解题。题干问管理人员的主要职责是什么。根据第三段中Depending on which role you choose, you could help to increase ...,or help to project....You might also design...可知，根据岗位不同，管理人员可以帮助增加小区的饮用水，可以规划地方文化，可以设计挑战项目培训年轻的志愿者，从这些内容上可以判断出其主要职责是执行项目计划。故选C。
6．细节理解题。题干问八月份开始的这个项目将在哪里开展。根据这个表格中4-week programmes中的最后一个South Africa 2 Aug—29 Aug，可知八月在南非开始，答案选D。
7．细节理解题。题干问GDA的所有项目的共同目的是什么。根据第一段you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community.和倒数第二段中All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities可知，其目标就是促进偏远贫穷区域的发展，即帮助有需要的社区。故选D。
8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B
【解析】本文为议论文。作者从食物与文化的关系的角度表达了自己的看法，作者认为传统食物是文化的重要组成部分，它也是一种文化身份的表达，食物是了解文化的窗口。
8．细节理解题。根据第2段It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride for their culture and means of coping with homesickness. 可知文中提到食物是一种文化身份的表达，故选B。
9．词义猜测题。根据上一句中It also operates as an expression of culture identity.可知，此句中it代指“民族文化”，句意为：移民们把它带到任何地方，它是他们的文化自豪感的象征，也是应对思乡之情的手段。故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. 可知，一些移民不得不改变他们餐馆原有的菜肴是为了迎合不同的顾客。故选C。
11．作者态度题。根据最后一段We should embrace our heritage（传统）through our culture’s food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. 可知，我们应该通过我们的文化食物来接受我们的文化遗产，但也应该通过品尝其他文化的食物来了解其他文化，故选B。
12．D 13．C 14．A
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了美国农业部(USDA)对农产品的外观设定了不切实际的美丽预期，从而导致大量丑陋农产品的浪费，作者认为外观并不能很好地反映风味、营养价值甚至新鲜度，决定采取行动拯救丑陋农产品。
12．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Today, the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) acts much like Vogue and Cosmopolitan, setting unrealistic beauty expectations on how produce ought to look, down to the exact color, shape and size. But appearance is a poor indicator of flavor, nutritional value and even freshness.( 如今，美国农业部(USDA)的行为很像《Vogue》和《Cosmopolitan》杂志，对农产品的外观设定了不切实际的美丽预期，甚至包括确切的颜色、形状和大小。但外观并不能很好地反映风味、营养价值甚至新鲜度。)”可知，作者认为USDA对农产品的外观设定了不切实际的美丽预期，而外观并不能很好地反映风味、营养价值甚至新鲜度，这是不负责任的。故选D。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“However, Linda Hagen, a professor of consumer behavior from the University of Southem Califomia, denies the connection between beauty and nutrition, explaining that it is just another marketing strategy used by food companies to increase sales.( 然而，南加州大学的消费者行为学教授琳达·哈根否认了美丽和营养之间的联系，解释说这只是食品公司用来增加销售的另一种营销策略。)”可知，Linda Hagen教授对农产品外在美的态度是它与营养毫无关系。故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段“In the United States alone, an estimated six billion pounds of ugly produce is left unharvested, unsold and uneaten every year. That’s enough food to feed three million people for a whole year!( 据估计，仅在美国，每年就有60亿磅丑陋的农产品没有收获，没有出售，没有食用。这些食物足够三百万人吃一整年！)”和文章最后一段“I’ve decided to take this issue into my own hands. Working with local farms, markets, meal centers and food banks, I have rescued over 4, 500 pounds of edible, nutritious, often organic, ugly produce in my city. However, helping can be a lot easier than driving from farm to farm every weekend.( 我决定自己解决这个问题。我与当地的农场、市场、餐饮中心和食品银行合作，在我的城市里拯救了超过4500磅的可食用、营养丰富、通常是有机的、丑陋的农产品。然而，帮忙要比每个周末开车从一个农场到另一个农场容易得多。)”可知，美国存在丑陋农产品浪费的问题，作者想着手解决这个问题，由此可推知，文章接下来可能讨论拯救丑陋农产品的简单方法。故选A。
15．D 16．B 17．G 18．A 19．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述喝酒会使体重增加并且影响身体健康。
15．根据上文“If you are trying to maintain a healthy weight, the first step is to look at what you’re eating regularly and assess whether it helps you meet your nutritional goals.(如果你想保持健康的体重，第一步是看看你经常吃什么，评估它是否有助于你达到你的营养目标)”，再结合下文“What you drink is a big factor as well, so there are a few things you may want to know about alcohol intake and body composition.(你喝什么也是一个很大的因素，所以你可能想知道一些关于酒精摄入量和身体组成的事情)”可知，空格处应该讲述从食物转到了喝什么上来，故D选项“但不仅仅是食物”起到承上启下的作用，并且引出接下来要谈论的话题—酒。故选D。
16．根据上文“In general, alcohol is high in calories.(一般来说，酒精的热量很高)”可知，下文是继续解释酒精的热量高到什么程度，故B选项“蛋白质和碳水化合物每克含有4卡路里，但酒精含有7卡路里”符合题意。故选B。
17．根据本段内容“Hormones(荷尔蒙) play a crucial role in the healthy functioning of all the body`s tissues and organs. Drinking alcohol can impair the functions of the brain parts that release hormones and the functions of the tissues targeted by those hormones, which can result in a range of health issues.(荷尔蒙在身体所有组织和器官的健康运作中起着至关重要的作用。饮酒会损害大脑释放激素部分的功能以及受激素作用的组织的功能，从而导致一系列的健康问题)”可知，本段主要讲的是酒精对荷尔蒙的影响，故G选项“它会扰乱你的荷尔蒙”符合本段大意，适合做小标题。故选G。
18．根据下文“However, consumption of alcohol—especially in excess—has been linked to poor sleep quality and duration. In fact, individuals who are dependent on alcohol commonly experience insomnia(失眠) symptoms.(然而，饮酒，尤其是过量饮酒与睡眠质量和持续时间差有关。事实上，依赖酒精的人通常会经历失眠症)” 可知，空格处与下文构成转折关系，即讲述酒精可以帮助睡眠。故A选项“人们用酒精作为助眠剂并不罕见”符合语境。故选A。
19．根据上文“After a couple of drinks, you're more likely to grab whatever quick and easy snack without really thinking about it. (喝了几杯之后，你更有可能不考虑就吃任何快速简单的零食)”再结合下文给出的喝酒后造成饥饿感的原因，故C选项“这些饥饿感是由一些不同的事情引起的”起到承上启下的作用，并且hunger也呼应本段的主题。故选C。
20．A 21．D 22．C 23．B 24．A 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．B 29．B 30．D 31．C 32．A 33．B 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了抖音段视频“每天吃什么”的流行和它引发的问题。
20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但另一个趋势——“每天吃什么”——正在主导抖音，其浏览量已接近90亿次。A. views观点，观看；B. statements声明；C. analyses解析；D. identities身份。根据上文“TikTok”和“But another trend”可知，本段讲的是抖音段视频上的新趋势，结合“nearing 9 billion”可推知，这里说的是浏览量，观看量。故选A项。
21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管“每天吃什么”发布的内容可能旨在为其他人提供健康的启发，但越来越多的人认为，这些记录日常饮食的视频日记可能弊大于利，尤其是在年轻女孩或有饮食失调史的人当中。A. emphasized强调；B. simplified简化；C. requested要求；D. intended打算，想要。根据“to serve as healthy inspiration for others”和“will likely do more harm than good”可知，为其他人提供健康的启发是最初的目的或打算，但事与愿违，结果与打算不一样。故选D项。
22．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些发布内容传递的潜在信息是，如果你像他们一样吃东西，那么你最终会像他们一样。A. moral有道德的；B. scientific科学的；C. potential潜在的；D. instant立刻的。根据上文可知，“每天吃什么”发布的是记录日常饮食的视频，结合句中“message these posts send is that if you eat like them, then you can eventually look like them.”可知，这些视频会让人们认为“你像他们一样吃东西，那么你最终会像他们一样”，这是这些发布内容传递的潜在信息。故选C项。
23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，别人一天吃什么并不意味着它就适合你，因为这些“筹划的”的视频并不能完全准确地反映一个人通常吃什么。A. modern现代的；B. staged组织的，筹划的；C. educational教育的；D. labelled贴上标签的。结合常识和句中“not a completely accurate representation of what someone typically eats.”可知，抖音上发布视频是经过筹划的，并不能真实准确地反应真实情况。故选B项。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，过于程式化的饮食并没有优先考虑营养充足的饮食。A. prioritize优先考虑；B. commercialize使商业化；C. recognize认识；D. exchange交换。结合选项和“overly stylized (程式化) meals”可推知，过于程式化的饮食不会首先考虑营养问题。故选A项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些发布内容在宣扬理想的饮食和理想的身材。A. promoting推销，促进；B. representing代表；C. spoiling损坏；D. perfecting完美，完善。根据句中“illusion (幻想) of an ideal day of eating”和“ideal body size”可推知，“每天吃什么”发布的内容是在推销它关于饮食和身材的理想概念。故选A项。
26．考查名词词义辨析。句意：更年轻的观众，尤其是女孩和年轻女性，内化了这样的信息：她们必须像这些创作者一样吃，以实现和保持健康，以及社会吸引力。A. welfare幸福；B. equality平等；C. desirability吸引力，欲求；D. justice公平。根据上文“The posts are 6 the illusion (幻想) of an ideal day of eating, along with an ideal body size.”可知，“每天吃什么”发布的内容是在推销它关于饮食和身材的理想概念，所以年青女孩会认为这样做不仅可以保持健康，还可以保持好身材，提升社会吸引力。故选C项。
27．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种趋势最大的危害是它使紊乱的或限制性的饮食行为正常化。A. individual单独的；B. instinctive本能的；C. restrictive限制(性)的；D. changeable可改变的。根据“normalizes”可知，下文所说饮食行为是非正常的，与“disordered”是同一类别，结合选项，应选择使用“restrictive”作定语，表示将限制性的饮食行为正常化。故选C项。
28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这可以防碍患有饮食失调症的人寻求支持或治疗。A. attracting吸引；B. seeking寻找；C. losing失去；D. offering提供。根据“someone struggling with an eating disorder”和“support or treatment”可知，患有饮食失调症的人会寻求支持或治疗。故选B项。
29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使“每天吃什么”的发布内容展示的是均衡的饮食，但“像我一样吃，你就会像我一样”的潜台词是有害的，因为人们不一定会达到和发帖人一样的身材，即使他们完全按照其展示内容吃一天的食物。A. fixed固定的；B. balanced平衡的；C. relaxing令人轻松的；D. demanding苛刻的。根据上文“Even though #whatieatinaday posts may be 2 to serve as healthy inspiration for others”可知，“每天吃什么”的发布内容能为人们提供健康的启发，所以它展示的是均衡的饮食。故选B项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使“每天吃什么”的发布内容展示的是均衡的饮食，但“像我一样吃，你就会像我一样”的潜台词是有害的，因为人们不一定会达到和发帖人一样的身材，即使他们完全按照其展示内容吃一天的食物。A. reader读者；B. advertiser广告商；C. browser浏览器；D. poster海报，发帖人。根据下文“even if they copied their day of eating bite for bite”可知，这里说的拥有好身材的“每天吃什么”上的视频发布人。故选D项。
31．考查副词词义辨析。句意：此外，对一个人来说，健康、充足的一日三餐对另一个人来说可能是不充分和不满足的。A. Therefore因此；B. Finally终于；C. Additionally另外；D. Meanwhile与此同时。上文讲即使完全按照其展示内容吃一天的食物，人们不一定会达到和发帖人一样的身材，下文“what might be a healthy, adequate day of satisfying meals for one person may be inadequate and unsatisfying to another.”讲到食物因人而异，适合别人的不一定适合你，上下文都是讲模仿“每天吃什么”的发布内容的不妥之处，是并列关系，用副词additionally。故选C项。
32．考查动词短语辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，看到这些发布内容的人可能会得出这样的结论：他们需要吃一半的量才能减肥。A. lose weight减肥；B. share interests利益共享；C. assume burden承担负担；D. make contributions做出贡献。根据句中“eating half”可推知，少吃是为了减肥。故选A项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：身体完全缺乏多样性。A. language语言；B. diversity多样性；C. warmth温暖；D. response反应。根据上文“People making these videos are overwhelmingly thin, young, able-bodied and white.”可知，制作视频的人都一个标准，身体缺乏多样性。故选B项。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这助长了对不切实际的身体标准进行有害的比较，这对绝大多数人来说是无法达到的。A. available可用的；B. predictable可预测的；C. inadequate不充分的；D. unachievable不可实现的。根据“unrealistic body standards”可推知，这样的身体标准是不切实际的，对大多数人来说是不可实现的。故选D项。
35．K 36．F 37．C 38．J 39．A 40．H 41．E 42．B 43．I 44．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于让猛犸象起死回生的项目的情况。
35．考查动词。句意：猛犸象大约在3700年前灭绝，但它们的尸体有时被保存在冰中。根据上文“their bodies are sometimes”以及句意“保存”可知，应用动词preserve，且为一般现在时的被动语态。故填preserved。故选K。
36．考查动词。句意：这使得科学家们能够恢复它们的DNA，这可能是让猛犸象起死回生的关键。根据后文“which could hold the key to bringing mammoths back to life”以及句意“恢复”可知，应填动词recover，且上文为短语allow sb. to do sth.。故填recover。故选F。
37．考查名词。句意：“巨象”的一组科学家计划利用来自猛犸象遗骸的信息来编辑亚洲象的DNA，亚洲象是它们现存的近亲。根据后文“to edit the DNA of Asian elephants — their closest living relatives”以及句意“遗骸”可知，应填名词remains。故填remains。故选C。
38．考查名词。句意：该团队将重点研究与浓密头发和其他适应寒冷天气的能力有关的DNA。根据后文“for cold weather”以及句意“适应能力”可知，应填名词adaptations，故填adaptations。故选J。
39．考查形容词。句意：通过将这种DNA添加到亚洲象的卵细胞中，他们希望创造出大象和猛犸象的混合体，它可以在活的印度象体内或人工器官中发育成一个婴儿。修饰后文名词organ，应用形容词artificial，作定语，表示“人工的”，故填artificial。故选A。
40．考查副词。句意：“我们想要一种功能上与猛犸象相当的东西，它能在- 40°C的环境中享受生活，能做大象和猛犸象能做的所有事情，尤其是推倒树木，”“巨人”的创始人丘奇说。根据后文“equivalent to the mammoth”以及句意“功能上”可知，应填副词functionally，作状语。故填functionally。故选H。
41．考查动词。句意：人们希望这种杂交物种的破坏性习惯可以帮助恢复北极草原的一些地区，这些地区自从猛犸象灭绝以来就被树木所取代。根据后文“by trees”以及句意“取代”可知，应用动词overtake，此处为现在完成时的被动语态。故填overtaken。故选E。
42．考查动词。句意：北极草原比森林反射更多来自太阳的热量，并能吸收更多人类活动释放的气体。根据后文“more heat from the Sun”以及句意“反射”可知应填动词reflect，故填reflect。故选B。
43．考查名词。句意：然而，并不是每个人都同意这个计划。根据句意表示“计划”可知，应填名词scheme，作宾语。故填scheme。故选I。
44．考查名词。句意：阿德里安教授说，猛犸象的灭绝与草原的消失没有什么关系。根据上文“Professor Adrian says the extinction of mammoths had little to do with the”以及句意“消失”可知，应填名词disappearance，作宾语。故填disappearance。故选G。
45．link
【详解】考查名词。句意：根据一项2011年由Mr Hsiang和合著者发表的一篇论文可知，国内冲突与厄尔尼诺的有害影响有关——国家越穷，这种联系就越强。根据所给汉语提示可知，此处应用名词link“联系”作主语，故填link。
46．more complex##more complicated
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我很清楚这个问题比他想象的要复杂。解析句子结构可知，此处位于be动词之后，因此需要填入形容词。complex/complicated表示“复杂的”。此处表示“比他想象的更复杂”，因此需要使用比较级。故填more complex/more complicated。
47．proof
【详解】考查名词。句意：为了证明他的爱，他把所有的钱都给她买了一枚戒指。根据汉语提示“证明”，以及上文冠词a，可知应填名词proof。故填proof。
48．qualification
【详解】考查名词。句意：从事这项工作必须有教学经验。结合空前的a可知，空处应填名词单数作表语，结合汉语提示可知，qualification资格，故填qualification。
49．desperate
【详解】考查形容词。句意：当他失去一切时，他变得绝望了。根据汉语提示可知，desperate绝望的，形容词作表语，符合题意。故填desperate。
50．qualification
【详解】考查名词。句意：作为申请人，你会被问到你的最高学历是什么。根据汉语提示可知，此处使用名词qualification，可数名词，由谓语动词is可知，应用名词单数形式。故填qualification。
51．duration
【详解】考查名词。句意：在战争期间，这所学校被用作医院。解析句子成分可知，“the ________ (期间) of the war”作介词for的宾语，根据所设空前的定冠词the和其后的后置定语“of the war”可知，所设空处应用名词，结合所给汉语提示，故填duration。
52．ambition
【详解】考查不可数名词。句意：当你的才华支撑不起你的野心时，你应该着手于学习。根据汉语提示“野心”，以及前面动词support，可知此处考查名词ambition“野心”作宾语，又由ambition作“野心”意时为不可数名词，故填入ambition。
53．strengthen
【详解】考查动词。句意：他被请来加强防守。根据汉语提示“加强”可知应填入动词“strengthen”，结合空前的to可知应使用动词原形，构成动词不定式作目的状语，故填strengthen。
54．logical
【详解】考查形容词作定语。句意：计算机编程需要有逻辑思维的人。a logical mind“一个合逻辑的思维”。logical在此处作定语，修饰名词mind，故填logical。
55．1. 删掉in
2. find→finding
3. relaxing→relaxed
4. naming→named
5. hardly→hard
6. 在would前加that
7. such→so
8. yourself→myself
9. a→an
10. homeworks→homework
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了一次放风筝的经历以及风筝的来源等。
【详解】1. 考查动词和动词短语搭配。句意：似乎半个城市的人都加入了我们，所以我们很难找到一个好地方站。join是指加入某个组织或者其他的团体或者协会，强调“个人加入到集体中”。join in是指参与某个活动，等于take part in。根据语境可知，这里是指加入到放风筝的行列，应用join。故删掉in。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：似乎半个城市的人都加入了我们，所以我们很难找到一个好地方站。have trouble (in) doing sth.为固定短语。故将find改为finding。
3. 考查形容词。句意：但当我们结束时，我感觉很放松。解析句子可知，主语为I，修饰人常用-ed形容词，即relaxed，表示“感到放松的”。而relaxing表示“令人放松的”，常修饰物，不符合本句语境。故将relaxing改为relaxed。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：吃午饭时，有人告诉我，风筝是由一个叫墨子的人发明的，墨子有点像哲学家，他为战国之间的和平而努力。解析句子，name在句中为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰the man，且为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故将naming改为named。
5. 考查副词。句意：吃午饭时，有人告诉我，风筝是由一个叫墨子的人发明的。墨子有点像哲学家，他为战国之间的和平而努力。hardly表示“几乎不”，hard表示“努力地”，根据语境，这里是指墨子为和平而十分努力，应用hard修饰动词work，符合句意。故将hardly改为hard。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：墨子发明了一种东西，可以给许多人带来放松和快乐，我认为这是非常美妙的。解析句子可知，此处是限制性定语从句，先行词为不定代词something，指物，在从句中作主语，只能用关系代词that引导。故在would前加that。
7. 考查so和such的区别。句意：墨子发明了一种东西，可以给许多人带来放松和快乐，我认为这是非常美妙的。修饰形容词many，只能用副词so，such一般修饰名词。故将such改为so。
8. 考查反身代词。句意：我从没想过像风筝这样的东西需要一个发明家。解析句子可知，主语时I，第一人称，且根据句意，介词to后面的宾语也应用myself而不是yourself。故将yourself改为myself。
9. 考查不定冠词。句意：我从没想过像风筝这样的东西需要一个发明家。不定冠词修饰的名词inventor为元音音素开头，应用an。故将a改为an。
10. 考查不可数名词。句意：不管怎样，我得做我的家庭作业了。homework表示“家庭作业”时，是不可数名词，没有复数形式。故将homeworks改为homework。
56．Recently, we conducted a survey on short-sightedness among the fifty students in our class. According to the survey, twenty students have good eyesight, while thirty students are short-sighted. We found that eighteen students became short-sighted due to watching TV or sitting in front of a computer for a long time. Nine students said their poor posture led to their short-sightedness. Three other students had other reasons for their poor eyesight. Thus, the main reason for short-sightedness is that some students don’t use their eyes properly.
Our eyes are very important to us. We should protect them all the time. We should not watch TV or surf the Internet for hours without breaks. We should also read in a correct way. Furthermore, doing eye exercises is good for our eyes.
【解析】这是一篇图表类作文。要求考生对饼状图所统计的关于班里近视情况的数据进行分，并谈谈自己的看法及建议。
【详解】1.词汇积累
开展：conduct→carry out
由于：due to→because of
导致：lead to→contribute to
休息：break→rest
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Our eyes are very important to us. We should protect them all the time.
拓展句：We should protect our eyes all the time, which are very important to us.
