Unit 1 Reading and Thinking习题检测
基础知识自测
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1．There are many shops in the__________ (commerce) heart of the city.
2．We can take part in__________ wide range of activities after school.
3．I don’t share her__________ (religion) belief.
4．All the wheat_____________ (gather) in before it rained.
5．Christmas is such a__________ (joy)time of year.
6．It is typical of him______(take) hard jobs.
7．Jane's sister played _____ trick on her — she put orange juice in her shampoo bottle!
8．The most_______(significance) thing you should keep in mind is that most of the questions are easy if you make use of correct methods.
9．This important ________ (agriculture) festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in.
10．Every year, the streets ________ with flags on National Day. (decorate)
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
11．Good literature _________ (反映) the most basic of human nature such as love and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope.
12．There are various opinions about the ________ (起源) of the Spring Festival.
13．At 7:00 am, we ________(集合) at the foot of Mount Tai and started to head for its top.
14．Royal soldiers, on special ________ (场合),still wore the 400-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth.
15．I have a firm _______ (信念) in the power of communication, which can smooth away misunderstandings.
学科素养提升
三、阅读理解
A
What do you know about Sweden (瑞典) Northern lights or Sweden’s funiture store, IKEA
However, some Sweden’s customs are unique in the world, including the following.
Fika Custom
Fika is the Swedish custom of having coffee, cakes and a chat. This custom, which can be used as a noun and a verb, is so important to Swedish culture that many companies even make fika a rule, since it’s believed to be good for employees’ mental health.
At work, you might fika once in the morning and then again in the aftenoon, and then fika again later with friends!
Flogsta Scream
Every night at about 10 pm, in the city of Uppsala’s Flogsta neighborhood, the students of Uppsala University open their windows and scream into the night. It’s believed the custom may have been started by students in the 1970s or 1980s to become less stressed around exam time.
Students at Stockholm University also have a neighborhood scream called the Lappkarr Cry, and Lund University has the Delphi Roar.
Donald Duck on Christmas Eve
Every Christmas Eve at 3 pm, families across Sweden sit down to watch the 1958 Disney
Christmas Special, which is known in Sweden.
However, it’s usually just called Kalle Anka — the Swedish name for Donald Duck. The special was first shown in 1960 on SVTI, the country’s only television station at that time.
16．Which of the following is beneficial to employees’ mental health
A．Fika Custom. B．Flogsta Scream.
C．Donald Duck on Christmas Eve. D．The 1958 Disney Christmas Special.
17．Why did the students in the 1970s or 1980s start “Flogsta Scream”
A．To scare the neighbors. B．To attract more attention.
C．To show talent of screaming. D．To reduce stress during exam time.
18．Which column in the newspaper is the passage probably from
A．Food. B．Nature. C．Culture. D．Education.
B
April 27 is Take Our Daughters to Work Day in Britain. Started at first in the United States and brought to Britain in 1994, Take Our Daughters to Work Day has become a special day for girls between 11 and 15. On that day thousands of girls take a day off school and go together with one of their parents to their work places. The purpose of this day is to broaden girls’ horizons and raise their self-confidence.
For many years, people have thought that boys can do better than girls in society. But actually, “girls can be whatever they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, a nurse or a chief executive,” says the chairman of the Our Sons and Daughters Charitable Trust, an organization which supported the activity of the Day. “Now the girls have a close look at what their parents are doing and this may help them to be more self-confident when they are faced with a choice of work.”
Schools and many companies support the activity too. Palmers Green High School for girls, in north London, has made the day a necessary part of career education.
Zarina Bart, 15, from Palmers Green, went with her mother Gwen to her Lawyer’s Office this year’s Take Our Daughters to Work Day. “I learned how to fill in a legal aid form and I read details of a case. Then I went to see the actual trial,” she said.
Zarina found it interesting to see her mother at work. “It’s really strange seeing Mum at work—running around, getting serious and telling people what to do.” She has always liked this idea of going into law and thinks it likely that she will follow in her mother’s footsteps. Having a chance to see how her mother works has given her more self-confidence.
Experts believe that girls with higher self-confidence aim higher and are more likely to be successful in life. Parents have the most important effect on the confidence of teenage girls. If parents believe in their daughters and show examples both at work as well as at home for them, this will give a lot of help to girls. Take Our Daughters to Work Day is surely a step in the right direction.
19．What do we know about Take Our Daughters to Work Day
A．It originated in Britain.
B．It is a special day for girls of all ages.
C．Students needn’t attend school that day.
D．It aims to expand the girls’ horizons and make them more confident.
20．Which of the following sentences can describe the chairman’s opinion
A．Boys can do better than girls in society.
B．Girls are more outstanding than boys.
C．Observing what their parents are doing may raise girls’ self-confidence.
D．Take Our Daughters to Work Day is of little significance to girls.
21．What does the underlined word “case” in paragraph 4 mean
A．An instance of a particular situation
B．A set of circumstances under official investigation by the police
C．An instance of a disease
D．A person suffering from a disease
22．What is the author’s attitude to Take Our Daughters to Work Day
A．Favorable. B．Intolerant. C．Doubtful. D．Unclear.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Lantern Festival falls ___23___ the fifteenth day of the first lunar month. This is the first full moon of the new year, representing reunion and perfection. This festival also marks the ___24___(office) end of the long holiday.
There are many legends (传说) related to the origin of the Lantern Festival. According to one legend, once in ancient times, a celestial (天上的) swan came into the human world where it ____25____(shoot) down by a hunter. The Jade Emperor, the ____26____(high) god in Heaven, was angry about this. He planned an attack on Earth on the ____27____(fifteen) day of the first lunar month, with orders to destroy all people and animals. But another god ____28____(disagree) with him and risked ____29____(warn) the people on Earth. As ____30____ result, before and after the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, every family hung red lanterns outside their doors and set off firecrackers, giving the impression____31____their homes were already burning. By successfully tricking the Jade Emperor in this way, human beings were saved from ____32____(destruct).
参考答案：
1．commercial
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在城市的商业中心有很多商店。分析句中可知，名词heart前需用形容词修饰，commerce是名词，需转换为形容词commercial，在句中作定语，修饰名词heart。故填commercial。
2．a
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我们课后可以参加一系列的活动。a range of是固定短语，意为“一系列”，故填a。
3．religious
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我不认同她的宗教信仰。分析句子可知，名词belief前需用形容词修饰，religion是名词，需转换为形容词religious，在句中作定语，修饰名词belief。故填religious。
4．had been gathered
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：下雨前，所有的小麦都已收集完毕。结合语境可知“收集”发生在“下雨”之前，即“过去的过去”，故应用过去完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been gathered。
5．joyful
【详解】考查形容词。句意：圣诞节是一年中如此快乐的时刻。该空修饰名词time，用形容词，所以填joyful。
6．to take
【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：他是典型的干艰苦工作的人。it是形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语。故填to take。
7．a
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：简的妹妹捉弄了她—她把橙汁放进了她的洗发水瓶子里！play a trick on sb表示“捉弄某人”，是固定短语，故填a。
8．significant
【详解】考查形容词。句意：你应该记住的最重要的一点是，如果你使用正确的方法，大多数问题都很容易回答。形容词significant意为“重要的”，修饰名词thing 作定语，此处填significance的形容词形式significant。故填significant。
9．agricultural
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这个重要的农业节日在所有的庄稼收割后举行。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处使用形容词agricultural，作定语，修饰名词festival。故填agricultural。
10．are decorated
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：每年国庆节，街道上都挂满了国旗。主语the streets和谓语decorate是被动语态，be decorated with被用……装饰。根据时间状语Every year可知，用一般现在时。主语the streets 为复数，所以谓语动词用are。根据句意，故填are decorated。
11．reflects
【详解】考查动词的时态。句意：好的文学反映人类天性中最基本的东西，比如爱和恨，欢乐和悲伤，恐惧与希望。此处指的是一种客观事实，应使用一般现在时，又因为literature为不可数名词，应使用动词的第三人称单数，故填reflects。
12．origin
【详解】考查名词。句意：关于春节的起源有各种各样的看法。根据汉语提示可知，此处应用名词origin作宾语，且此处为“春节的起源”，为单数意义，故填origin。
13．gathered
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：上午七时，我们聚集在泰山脚下，开始向山顶走去。分析可知，设空处为谓语，根据下半句可知时态为一般过去时，根据汉语提示，故填gathered。
14．occasions
【详解】考查名词。句意：皇家士兵在特殊场合仍然穿着有400年历史的伊丽莎白女王时代的制服。根据汉语提示可知应填名词occasion，作宾语，前文没有冠词故用复数形式。故填occasions。
15．belief
【详解】考查名词。句意：我坚信沟通的力量，它可以消除误会。根据汉语提示“看法，信念”可知应填名词belief，作宾语，不定冠词提示用其单数形式。故填belief。
16．A 17．D 18．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了瑞典的几项独特的习俗。
16．细节理解题。根据文章Fika Custom部分的内容“This custom, which can be used as a noun and a verb, is so important to Swedish culture that many companies even make fika a rule, since it’s believed to be good for employees’ mental health.(这个习惯既可以用作名词，也可以用作动词，在瑞典文化中非常重要，许多公司甚至把fika作为规定，因为人们认为这有利于员工的心理健康)”可知，对员工的心理健康有益的是Fika习俗。故选A。
17．细节理解题。根据文章Flogsta Scream部分的内容“It’s believed the custom may have been started by students in the 1970s or 1980s to become less stressed around exam time.(人们相信，这一习俗可能是上世纪七八十年代的学生为了在考试期间减轻压力而开始的)”可知，20世纪70年代或80年代的学生开始了Flogsta Scream是为了在考试期间减轻压力。故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段的“However, some Sweden’s customs are unique in the world, including the following.(然而，瑞典的一些习俗在世界上是独一无二的，包括以下)”可知，本文是介绍瑞典这个国家的几项文化习俗。由此推知，文章可能来自报纸的文化（Culture）专栏。故选C。
19．D 20．C 21．B 22．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 Take Our Daughters to Work Day（带着女儿上班节）的一些相关信息，以及人们对该节日的看法。
19．细节理解题。根据第一段“The purpose of this day is to broaden girls’ horizons and raise their self-confidence. (这一天的目的是开阔女孩的视野，提高她们的自信。)”可知，“带着女儿上班节” 的目的是扩大女孩的视野，让她们更自信。故选D。
20．细节理解题。根据第二段“Now the girls have a close look at what their parents are doing and this may help them to be more self-confident when they are faced with a choice of work. (现在，女孩们可以近距离观察父母的所作所为，这可能会帮助她们在面临工作选择时更加自信。)”可知，慈善信托基金会主席认为，观察父母的所作所为可以提高女孩的自信心。故选C。
21．词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句前的“I learned how to fill in a legal aid form(我学会了如何填写法律援助表格)”及画线词后的“Then I went to see the actual trial(然后我去看了真正的审判)”可知，此句中的 case 是“案件”的意思。B项“警方正在正式调查的一系列情况”与之接近。故选B。
22．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Take Our Daughters to Work Day is surely a step in the right direction.(“带女儿上班日”无疑是朝着正确方向迈出的一步。)”可推断，作者对“带着女儿上班节”持赞许的态度。故选A。
23．on 24．official 25．was shot 26．highest 27．fifteenth
28．disagreed 29．warning 30．a 31．that 32．destruction
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。农历正月十五，是新年第一次出现满月的日子，是中国传统节日元宵节，本文介绍了有关元宵节起源的历史传说。
23．考查介词。句意：元宵节是在农历正月十五。动词短语fall on意为“发生，适逢（某一日期）”，具体的某一天前要用介词on。故填on。
24．考查形容词。句意：这个节日也标志着长假的正式结束。设空处作定语，修饰名词end，应用office的形容词形式official，意为“正式的，官方的”。故填official。
25．考查动词时态和语态。句意：根据一个传说，在古代，有一只仙界天鹅来到人间，被一个猎人击落。设空处为where引导的定语从句的谓语动词，动词shoot与其主语it之间为动宾关系，构成被动关系，因主句谓语动词用一般过去时，故此处用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was shot。
26．考查形容词的最高级。句意：玉皇大帝，天界地位最高的神，对此很生气。根据句意及空前的定冠词the可知，此处用形容词的最高级形式。故填highest。
27．考查序数词。句意：他计划在农历正月十五袭击地球，命令消灭所有的人和动物。表示“第几”要用序数词，故填fifteenth。
28．考查动词时态。句意：但另一个神不同意他的观点，冒险警告地上的人。分析句子可知，提示词是句中谓语动词，此处讲述元宵节的来历，是过去发生的事，故用一般过去时。故填disagreed。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：但另一个神不同意他的观点，冒险警告地上的人。risk doing sth意为“冒险做某事”，risk后接动名词形式作宾语。故填warning。
30．考查冠词。句意：因此，正月十五前后，家家户户都在门外挂起红灯笼，燃放鞭炮，给人一种家里已经着火的印象。as a result意为“因此，结果”，为固定搭配。故填a。
31．考查名词性从句。句意：因此，正月十五前后，家家户户都在门外挂起红灯笼，燃放鞭炮，给人一种家里已经着火的印象。分析句子可知，设空处引导修饰impression的同位语从句，且从句中不缺少任何成分，故用连词that引导同位语从句。故填that。
32．考查名词。句意：用这种方法成功地骗过了玉皇大帝，人类得以免于毁灭。save sth from destruction意为“使某物免于毁灭”；设空处作介词from的宾语，故用destruct的名词形式destruction。故填destruction。
