2023 +utr+iLffiH#Aifl||iil
It+iilru
(iffili, 100 a; 4i{Btt'El, 60 h++)
)HEtErrr' iHilE'ft#, +tsS*)Efrfr tdlp 5 4 g:fE+t
fExttr+EE, Ht crz N14 016 Ca4o
-. E#ffi, +ff1( 10 z]rff, ?4'ff 3 b, * 30 b" &tr4'w1AHffiE+&rF+, XA'-
fiE4+AffiHs*ffi.
r. F
2 . +i tr fi A E + lAit@? fr! Hfiq$Eqt4ffn tEflfl, " m@frn" d E;tT zK " TrU ii,i*6#i+ fr! E
B. flfl'fAf.tfi+ + fEH frli;*E$A ++E tr +6FItt]+
c. ffiEry&r,ftE HtifrEgmlHiH. mfE
D. fnE ryWMNHHffitsT*,, dEEAB!,I+tr
3. T'Uq&WffEffifr\E
a. illf Ei6i&H! pu n. ffiEtr'f4 c. tfrfr+WfikMi, n. tftA,-Hlt
4. +&H# ;hZ'6EdrlE+4Tei6 " Trt)H Xxf:fiAffi iili*+H r+E!E
A. ifr*@,nt+B{, KnilslitriEtrz]t# s. t17'fr)h.Eier{ ?Etn57ffr+
c. gtrHxrtdftffir'l, lr^if;,*{6 0. t}*strH+frak, HfEffiffix
s. l$fi, zffi ( cH3coooH ) E-ff HH *HiH ? iit), T rtlaxtrfi zmfi i*iErfr H! E
e. fExtj}f lfi.Eh tag B. tr+AflLkd+n
c. A)L*fr\ffi.8h'*kffi.* o. ffin*5-+1)t*fr\ffi.E11,Ez: s
6. R4'4HtUH4nlS*lt ( &HH'fE{4Hffii) trfih+fr\/ea)t,,H?.i&*tffi ,EEifiH/(
*e+ r(H$U a &ifi HIIJ, fi ,kE. Trui4i*86fr HlE H!Ef;,EE{H
a. &rt E! A'liTft.'*1i,Y,+\4. i&iH d
B . tl + V'JtHxtAf',EErt&t, :adtjt+t&'R
c . Fri'zia /i a ffEa1h + ar,ftTw 15,h
o. #tEHfrtf.rfrHitf.&7AzKtr, tt\T+E'51frA'M+FX EEAHr*4r*&Eg=
2on +4n f +iLfrEe*A,,r,lr,\,4t + tfL'4 t n * 6 f,.
7 . 4.tEH!4t+?iE f f: 4nT^6, H+t t#i+fllr
.^,. Etlk#+h+ga+fr, -ektl. Ea. rfI. *l
s. l,*H E!H eft+|,, 4L+H2++k t.+&6Efr/6HE
c. trJ'ftHEffiH+*Hffi+. iHnH. E A)fr.trl#HR
o. Effi 'tt kti6i&Z(-8tr0il kl6,rA
8. I"rU*&ititHErt$U-x& H H!+
)T5 *es E E! q&iAit
A I,,t* co, FiE? fr'..t4'E co 18tr,gE,/difrEfx'/K
B F.l*, E r
D &90 Naos i6i&Ez'qfh 4xff, iHl:l,eEffi*hM
e . q &i+t, ZrmiEzr T 4n KI L[zr ffi * 90, fi tKtH 4 r{LEliltatfrttr Wa, M,*flJ4. t] iE E! E
trA'ft't#lI, h " H*E*-IH*H ". F fljltfrl9iEfrlE
A. *& + di4'illRrtle E c,taii? +F!
B. ffiffiffiE'lTiEIH,xBl, ffiT+i6i&'lA4+fiAEM
C. fttr,ITiEFHHt, J6i&+E[A-I]HHTE H- B;r(OIi).:;S&
o. :l4tfirtr M+4r[ffi Hm,'X]iE HlHtrA{tfH}n.'t+
r o . H4l, # 4' 2E E [ * f.r* {t*trJi#.+r #. 4 f t iE iE ift + !ft tfr fil** {e, tE x*+E rn T K * ET m .
Trrlii,i*ffii+H!E
,kE *&+H iEiErit idi& pH 5
c +fNH,CI 5 a
4l
O) (NH4)'S04 5 &
/%
G) NaCl 7
@) NarSOe 7 Flf4/min
A. ffi*, frwtr+-ixu+k+r +frtHiE+ H,R=l'tr
B. +x+T +fitht-nl"{n --9-E[/z\E pe:oo
C. wi,& F B!f; ETE] H\E+Ail +rtTBE D E!,fE]T E F
o. E6l-ErEiEi{A+, + fi W+-WffifNAF, m'Ei6i&>+t4i6i&
zozz44t++)Lfr&r .+,,1,1 HiL+ri*6 '4 z fr J! r, X-
-. IFEFE, +ffiJt 8 zJrffi, * to il "
tt. Q il)
Etk#F--tfiap #ttH" 7N fi? tru): x4
( 1 ) E | ttfrR)LRte):-RIA,Hfr*+ P!*llA'fH,H. " 14"O1
@-aflFl.J*Affrffi.+\kfr E1 trz
@F.m*retH+rJ+KFfi ,y'ffiWH+tL*, Trl+tJffi.HV,ffilF-naEEHlE (lHtr? )"
A. CO(NH2)2 B. KHzPO+ C. K2SO4
(2) K zEffi,trifr\4+44rHK"
Cx BtfHz-.
@ *F1t LErtshfr. + ffifrH iR T E & El 4 FI 6+ f E - Ftltr Ufr. , 5 H F. D H',! k + )1 t f.i
12. O //l)
zj
otE,,H,BH ({f lxSsi,HlF}E,FEiU) 6E[A*zKF a b
@) "+6iE!..H" EAaiffiffz]rE!, jBsA+H
(.IH "fr\" fr "4i:fr2" ) 1*f]r)fr,]e.tK" f
EiFNH rr;tf, ,,frttfi l"E$ PP+f,
@ifi'l4frEIXiH[4F4. +Efl t]l--dt, trftjHTtrfr\ 'lt. K t
(2) K 2 EAIE'li&+frlzK. *1##tffiq.AtA# cozf14N,huro H!iffiXfl,irr,=.*KI"
w * atr+(ll + #ffffi qF @ {l ffilHTEFZ ffi T ffi wn+
K2
trsr_t K + n-mtn*.+zf5fr,
(3) NaCl. Nazco: Bldfr+/trilt .*\tKl 3 r[z\" ifrE6]-rUF]tr'
B
cx NazCOz4,s^H,)EB! NaCl, qtrjj_l*4+11 E l{a:CO:
fiI+illNazco: (E "f:B-rE#" 4 "WffiLt*Fa" ) " ta \:Cl
36
@)t," c gj, Nacr lfutl\Eyl,t fr\W f'fr. fttE. 21.5
t2 HH/C
Nacl fEfnjdi&t!+iEE t2"c, JILE{, Na2co3 Wi&H! K :
w)fi.rfrab4& xacl i6i&H,li6trffi8-h4k ( j.H. ">" "<' q "-' )
20% +in + + iLfila9i.a,ir,lii,1t + tx8'fr t a + 6 f,.
t3. (7 h)
+trEEg E\'fr W, fr *H f fzg!&H .
(2) ")'1,#.h+-. *{, *,'lF+,lrt1t)+, E{,Ij)fll]F,&. +flfHf[, lf;tlflufE"" \4+ry.t*F\
fl{Bt, +qrB[fr{ftT++k+fr\ . + ftLlffiH'']DffiiEt-i1 hTf'frt_
+*'htJF, +-+n, tr;f, A&tr*m,ffiUif , H IEE
(3) (tiHfla)) +),e*Tfri)W"-Xre,+" fr\El*, \ t#H (As+S+) rtn+nffi (Sn) iEA,
"EH, LIA',/PBRZ. ++EIE^'A, *2. IT, fr,Ala#.', k+trtiH&E/V,
As+S*+2SE 4As+2X, [lJ x Bt.ft+frt
( 4 ) ,t'g t lnl ifi 'ftffi T l.E B!tHA+. fEftU ffi ttfr ffiU #, trmf ffr fE H! tr tr E
(ffi|N,+nt frtz\ ).
14. (8 /i)
Hffimffi (KzFeo+) al {*\tttiffitir'iH+f11. Uyry.trt trf+fi116- KzFeo+ Btifif5i',-t'
ff;fififfi Hzo,i#i& NaoH,E& ;H&
MH,E &&ffi ffiit, dt ft -+ $;* I
I
K:FeO+jf.Efi +- *IS& tt ;*&
lt
x E;& fAfE KoH ;6& NaoH fr NaClo i6&
AlHlfrf+' aM''l+*l+T, Hzoz Wi&fr \4 Feso+ =F"kh Fez(So+):.
(1) Hf mH (rzpeo.') F Fe m*B\k#lJlh
(2) " ii+k" E$H# F-trtrr! tl+ntflrth
( 3 ) " jii/.q I " blY+ Ef +HhEi{A+-EAA (jH,ft#;t, Tltr).
(4) "*tN-" DgK+p.+F_hh+F-M, siBII{+S|JH'ixt_, E_ (lE
" fr" * "Z(E") tr1',(Et6rtrlryF.1mffi..
ts. (e +)
+ EzBi#, 2030 +Et "ffi)t/4", +ffi "FfrFta", *FrflXEHlF.{f 2060 5+E=.
o) "6fril.w" fiB "fifr.+rt[" +B! "hfr" +frfr1B
(2 ) ffiH. ittr, co,rE*jrt " qfr.*fis" frl*ff+&|A" f|JH coz 6E5zKE&Bt,lt,EiSlTiE
i++t#, i, n-Nfrtt 4.|,+zfErt t
(3) f{,H. tfik, co, t*ryl "fik9tn" fr1fl-fr+)&:,t4" tt)H\trM.Wy WllLtlk*t\t co,
fli, +_F\+h R? KHCO3, E'J1i^E) H!.it+)1f8il
Q) Tytlffimafll+*fll "Efr.#tn" ylE {}^e7g*=r"
A. ,t HREE++^\tHli s. rtfi.ft,8fr2wfr\lfrHhE
c. BX*&.Eh\krXHeh+ D. *hWf,EH7tpHHE
zozz in+ +)Lfr !R+,411t1L+r416 "fr + fi, * o fr
t6. (11 A)
HXffi4.ZH trfi UTq ktr '1|+ffiiitj4x)r i*fr
i'ffi?
ffiY(E$EEE EI
MnO2 xroeBffi
A B D E
( 1) ,f!.*SOfrtt8tf.h
(2) *&EE*H a ffiUEx or, S,HtrDBtrtt+nrtEtr.h
(3) *&EE*H s ftU4n cor, +f*Hfli+9++Srr'nl]* xfrtJXF,h_fin
* H c r!, EI H + ffi U 4x c or, i6 r&,+ 4 + - + * H iI, in +,f/i,H _ "
(4) .fi, it'qrzK (-ahhlzlridtfu n+Fts-frA5, trffiEn+Ek, H^iEtJHtrtLt-r,J..
c j6 H * H c tr q\ Fr 4x ( /z\ ft"l] i& iffi + + * i& -a 1<, lffffi frE + * +E fr.), ]t + + E
&,trttEH
(s) 4'HIEYI++E e 'trn)nr,I LERfllfrrJrfrq.h
17. 03 /)l)
4trt^l*1*t*'h_wff'1" l*Kfilj0ily* " )t*kB2friffi rll4fEtr R4i*&,E,ffitH 7Fr4trffi .
ft+Xftts4. rEt ,.ffiffi+fsi.FXHrF EI-t# X )i dxt4fEXfs ir.fiFitrf",
taEtK++1,
I . F& NaHCo: BtE&' NH:fNaCl+Co2+H2o:NaHCo:J+NH4Cl.
II. F+ Na2Co3 ff!EE, 2NaHCOrSYazCO: * HzO + CO21 "
rrr. btrEadfhP+&Z(h\fr+" Ii{H: --*
rE El-' A*eE+He{ " {* ft ffi{ffitr* " fiU4x NaHCO3 "
(1) 4.rEE+mUHKl 1 ffzr*EE T*&, q&ffirtrtrfE,fn Nacr
idili+tr,\P17fr": Ns: ('ft,6Y& F-6/-&'ft ), EE ,E Et]! cor, IF#
4trtrE_ (,.H.ti?)" tsr
O'fE co, W- n ilryW, iIE l-utrh/z\@NH: VY, Co2g. h friJq\@co, HIBE tL NH3 t
(2) (
r--l E
_-->
,1f.' lF.klf /i4 (A Naon ffl caol
]irOH tuit
J4t ,,'tir
A rn
2on +in + + L & A ei+,.,1,1 r{,1L +ltXE 'frsn +6fr
W-F.m.EE! tfdiFffi#AK z *H e F, nnf&ct, f,fi eE+*l+H!*E A. B fr c E
-FiHtlHlLtfS, tr D. E; +tlffi, %t*frA-FtEtlsl4.S.
(3) +H
(4) ^+k*-E-NVtttrtsFa1z}fr+'.-+fr\ cozlfrE, nltrltifltjE*r&Bftr*H (]H qtr?) H!trt
tftl+"
(s) ,f+rtir*& tr, %.2*fr^*FinflH]aF:.E! H H!
(6) tcqg0+#,A?*H E, E4iflt)fr_fr1r\X+ (tH" lffiJ."" lffi,J'"4"6{".r.
rF El =, ffifiHEfEWtrrf Na2co3 6Wffi'l+f!trq4.
(*90 rI 20'CBif , ffi pui?B**UlU,t6l-Ei&ENa2co3i6&B! pH (*"RfuBK g).
( *90 2I ffi pH 4+R*#frifltri+R+$illrjEzif"JiEtrT 10% Nazco: r6i&H! pH ( 4R4r K a) "
pll pH
11.-t5
-{\
il..1i
tg,;:-qt l-qi +o:i :9t68.,; l9i; E0,6S+'a 1ffin 60 s sl
NatrCo:rE.iFi+,H .,E #4-JM]ET U
Fn B+
(7) tRffi tr 3 4\ffi /)ltfi ' tH l-EiEtrT, NazCO: H, r+i&Ht0il't+_"
(8) H K 4 q-ff, 1o% Na2CO3 i6i&fr!
(e) +ifi + HH l& Na2co3 i6ilt*iH i- tfr, TrtJiil
tr^egqU*,"
A. ft Nazco, i6i&*iH/5itRtr4+, EIEEqidi& B't0il'BAX.
B. glt*iH i5 itREi+, trI X H i.&trht H! *e Nazco: rdi& "
C . 10% Na2co3 6i&tr6 IEiEET , pH -ET ltr .
18. (6 a)
2C aO 2+2H2o: 2C a( OH) z+O z 1,, \rJ t + + H B! E fi ,f.t, . +\ F H + ' HF=\ t
