乌鲁木齐市达坂城区四校联考 2022-2023学年高二下学期英语开学考试试题
一、阅读理解（共32分）
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
The world's craziest
festivals
Crazy festivals all
over the world are out there just waiting to be celebrated. Join Cornelia
Kumfert on a trip to the most unusual events taking place around the globe.
Burning Man Festival
Every year in Nevada
(US) there is artwork and cunosities galore to marvel at when the Black Rock
Desert changes into a mammoth art exhibition.
In August and
September, some 70,00 people come here to celetrate the Burning Man Festival.
San Diego Comic Con
Surely superheroes don't
queue Well, at San Diego's Comic Convention they do. Each July hey open their
dos to fans of Superman and other comic figures. More than 100,000 annual
visitors have paid homage to their mythical heroes.
Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo
At the Crying Baby
Festival in Tokyo (Japan), sumo wrestlers do what they can to bring babies to
tears.
Sadists run riot
Certainly not! It's a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese proverb, which
says that crying babies grow fastest and parents believe the event brings good
health to their children.
Palio Contest, Siena
Fame and honour await
the winner of the Palio contest in Siena (Italy).
In July and August,
ten inhabitants of different districts of the city jockey for first place in a
spectacular horse race.
The trophy goes to the
contestant whose horse crosses the finishing line first—whether he's still in
the saddle or not.
1．Which of the festivals offers a view of art
A．Burning Man Festival. B．Palio Contest, Siena.
C．Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo. D．San Diego Comic Con.
2．How was the festival in Tokyo founded
A．On the basis of a proverb. B．Based on a phrase.
C．According to a story. D．At the request of the public.
3．What can tourists see in Siena of Italy between July and August
A．A burning man show. B．A comedy play.
C．A horse race. D．A baby-crying show.
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
When a chunk of ice
fell from a collapsing glacier(冰川)on the
Swiss Alps' Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was
too low for human ears to detect. But these vibrations held a key to
calculating the ice avalanche's(崩塌)critical
characteristics.
Low-frequency sound
waves called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are
already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in
this field have switched focus from fire to ice: dangerous blocks snapping off
glaciers. Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never
ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. "This was
different," Johnson says. "A signature of a new material has been
detected with infrasound."
Usually glaciers move
far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, which researchers pick up
using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapse—a
sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific
infrasound producer. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an
increasing threat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures
weaken large fields of ice. A glacier "can become detached from the ground
due to melting, causing bigger break— offs," says University of Florence
geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat
grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.
Researchers often use
radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor
only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound,
Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much
broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain. It is
challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic
noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional
measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. "The model
used by Marchetti is a first approximation for this," she says.
Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanche's
speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.
Marchetti and his
colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals
across at-risk regions in Europe, and they have set up collaborations around
the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce.
They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice
cascade's physical details.
4．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3
A．Infrasound has a major role to play in discovering new materials.
B．Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.
C．Researchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.
D．Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.
5．Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar
A．The combination with other relevant signals.
B．The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.
C．The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.
D．The sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes.
6．The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 4 refers to________.
A．distinguishing different components of a signal
B．detecting multiple avalanches at the same time
C．calculating the speed and path of ice avalanches
D．monitoring the specific location of ice break—offs
7．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．From Fire to Ice B．Glacier Whispers
C．Nature is Warning D．Secret of Ice Avalanches
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
Visa Medical Appointment
For your appointment you must bring:
·Your valid original passport. Driving license is not accepted.
·HAP ID (体检号) and your e-Medical Referral Letter.
·Prescription glasses or contact lenses.
·Any specialist's reports about your medical condition.
At visa medical assessment
·A phone interpreter will be made available upon request.
·You will be required to change into a medical shirt provided for your visa medical assessment. We recommend that female applicants NOT wear a dress or clothing which is difficult to remove to the appointment.
·If you are having an x-ray, you will be asked to remove all necklaces and neck chains and tie long hair back. We request valuables not be brought to the assessment. Change rooms and lockers will be available to store your belongings, including your mobile phone which must be kept in a locker during your assessment.
Important information for your appointment
Blood Test
You are required to have a blood test, please eat and drink as normal before your appointment. There is no need to fast.
Arriving for your appointment
Please arrive on time for your appointment and allow approximately 2 hours for your assessment to be completed.
Pregnancy
If you are pregnant, please call our contact centre on 1300794919 as it may affect you being able to proceed with the assessment.
Menstruation (生理期)
If you have booked your appointment when menstruating, please go online to reschedule your appointment so it falls 4—6 days after you have finished menstruating.
For more information
Please visit our website www..au
Bupa Medical Visa Services Customer Service
8．What should applicants take for the appointment
A．Driving license. B．Passport copy.
C．Medical Referral Letter. D．Sun glasses.
9．What is required to do during the x-ray
A．To take off all jewellery. B．To have long hair cut.
C．To have on formal clothing. D．To take a mobile phone along.
10．Which is the special information for women
A．Eating and drinking as normal.
B．Keeping secret about the pregnancy.
C．Allowing at least two hours for the test.
D．Delaying the appointment due to menstruation.
11．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．You can eat and drink as normal before the medical appointment.
B．Pregnancy doesn't affect the assessment.
C．Driving license is acceptable for the appointment.
D．You are allowed to wear neck chains when having an X-ray.
12．What can't be brought to the visa medical appointment
A．soft drinks B．a long dress C．a mobile phone D．a sandwich
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
The key to a happy
life has nothing to do with getting ahead at work, making money, or traveling
the world. Instead, living your best life and creating meaning is all about one
thing: relationships.
A study of adult
development has been running at Harvard since 1938, and is now on its second
generation of participants—the children of the original study's subjects. Over
decades, the research team collected data about their lives, including their
physical and mental health, marital (婚姻的)
status and quality, career happiness, etc.
They found the most
important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their
relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the
people you love.
The research doesn't
only include romantic relationships and marriage. Quality, close relationships
are important whether they are in the situation of romantic relationships or
closeness between friends or family members. The kind of relationship you have
is less important than how close you feel with them.
However, the study
only included men, and important gender differences exist in how people
experience relationships. Some research suggests that men may benefit more from
marriage. But they tend to have a harder time keeping friendships; as men get
older, they will more likely say they have nobody to discuss important subjects
with. So it's possible that having close relationships throughout their lives
might affect men differently than women.
The findings line up
with the effects of loneliness. People who are socially isolated have a greater
likelihood of strokes (中风), heart
attacks, and higher blood pressure, not to mention mental health issues.
Unfortunately for the
youngest generations, recent surveys found that young Americans are lonelier
than older generations. That will likely have a big impact on how healthy and
happy people feel throughout their lives.
13．What's the moral lesson from this passage
A．Travel far and wide to learn a lot.
B．Keep an open mind to be creative.
C．Treasure your time with your loved ones.
D．Work hard to be the best of your profession.
14．What's the implication of Paragraph 5
A．Women are unwilling to participate in the study.
B．Men are better at maintaining a close relationship.
C．Women are not treated equally in scientific research.
D．The findings of the study may not be true for women.
15．Why is the youngest generation unfortunate
A．Because they have nobody to talk to.
B．Because they are more socially isolated.
C．Because they can't keep their relationships.
D．Because they suffer physically and mentally.
16．What is the best title for the text
A．Close Relationships Make a Happy Life
B．Men Look Forward to Close Relationships
C．Close Relationships Ensure People's Health
D．Men and Women Differ in Keeping Relationships
二、七选五（共10分）
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）任务型阅读
Top tips for students doing voluntary holiday work
I have had some of the best and worst experiences of my life doing volunteers projects. Having taken part in a few such programs before, here are some tips I have picked up.
17．
Many of these schemes are advertised on legal websites, but even these can have hosts who take advantage of them. These people will advertise something that simply isn't true and when you arrive the arrangement may be different from what you expected.
Choose somewhere with a lot of positive reviews.
Many sites that advertise work projects have a space for reviews. Reviews tend to mean people have been there. 18． Again, be cautious because reviews can be faked. Besides, what one person loves may not be your cup of tea.
Bring a friend or a few.
19． And it's good to have a partner if you end up in a difficult situation. Try to find a friend with some good skills to travel with you. Trade skills can be very useful.
20．
In one place where I volunteered, a team member complained about having to work a few hours a day. He didn't seem to realize it was a small(or no)price to pay to live in a hotel with food and a swimming pool for free.
If you find a good place, don't move on too soon.
If you like the work and you're getting free food and accommodation, why leave 21．
Anyway, volunteering is an amazing experience. Enjoy it.
A. Only go if you intend to work. B. Learn the language of where you are going. C. It can be nice to have a familiar face around. D. And positive reviews indicate people enjoyed it. E. The grass isn't always greener on the other side. F. Don't believe everything you read on the Internet. G. People are likely to ask you to help them with their projects.
三、完形填空（共30分）
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）完形填空
Around twenty years
ago I was living in New York. 22． I had a lot of experience
and a Master's degree，I couldn't find 23． work.
I was driving a school
bus to make ends meet and 24． with a friend, for I had lost my flat. I
had 25． five interviews with a company but they
said I did not get the job." Why has my life become so 26． "
I thought painfully.
As I pulled the bus
over to 27． a little girl，she handed me an earring 28． I should keep it 29． somebody
claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said
"BE HAPPY".
At first I got angry.
Then it hit me—I had been giving all of my 30． to what was going wrong
with my 31． rather than what was right！I decided to make a 32． of fifty things I was happy with .Later，I decided to 33． more things to the list. That night
there was a phone call for me from a director at a large 34． .She
asked me if I would give a lecture 35． stress management to 200 medical
workers. I said yes.
My 36． there
went very well，and before long I got a well-paid
job .To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of thinking that I
completely changed my life.
22．A．As B．Though C．If D．When
23．A．successful B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient
24．A．working B．travelling C．discussing D．living
25．A．prepared
for B．attended C．asked for D．held
26．A．hard B．busy C．serious D．short
27．A．wave
at B．drop off C．call on D．look for
28．A．ordering B．promising C．saying D．showing
29．A．in
case B．or else C．as if D．now that
30．A．feelings B．attention C．strength D．interests
31．A．opinions B．education C．experiences D．life
32．A．list B．book C．check D．copy
33．A．connect B．turn C．keep D．add
34．A．hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel
35．A．for B．with C．on D．beyond
36．A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour
四、短文改错（共10分）
37．（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Tu Youyou, a famous female
chemist and scientist, was been born in Zhejiang Province in 1930.
In 1951, she was
admitted by Beijing University, majoring in making medicine and graduating in
1955. Since then, she has been devoted to study traditional Chinese medicine
and modern western medicine. In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and
developing Qinghaosu out of a Chinese herb cure those patients of malaria, for
what she won many big awards. She is awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on
October 5th, 2015, becoming the first Chinese women scientist to win the Nobel
Prize.
All of us Chinese are
proudly of her and her achievements. She has indeed set the excellent example
to us students.
五、根据课文内容填空（共10分）
（2022高二上·涟水月考）课文基本知识运用
Image waking up one morning 38． the option of staying in bed and 39． a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. How cool that would be! It may seem like building 40． in the air, but given the rate at 41． artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come 42． .
六、作文（共28分）
43．（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）
英语课上，老师要求就 "Protecting wild animals"
进行分组讨论，请你写一篇小组发言稿，内容包括：
1）保护野生动物的必要性；
2）保护措施；
3）发出呼吁。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good
morning, everyone.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上几个最疯狂的节日的活动地点及内容。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Burning Man Festival部分中的“Every year in Nevada (US) there is artwork and curiosities galore to marvel at when the Black Rock Desert changes into a mammoth art exhibition.”每年在内华达州（美国），当黑岩沙漠变成一个庞大的艺术展览时，都会有大量的艺术品和珍品让人惊叹。可知，在Burning Man Festival这个节日期间可以欣赏到艺术品。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo部分中的“It's a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese proverb”它是一个有着400年传统基于日本的一句谚语而产生的节日。可知，日本的Crying Baby Festival这一节日来源于谚语。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据Palio Contest, Siena部分中“In July and August, ten inhabitants of different districts of the city jockey for first place in a spectacular horse race.”7月和8月，该市不同地区的十名居民在一场壮观的赛马中争夺第一名。可知，游客们7、8月在意大利的锡耶纳可以看到赛马。故选C。
【答案】4．C
5．C
6．A
7．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. ”博伊西州立大学的地球物理学家Jeffrey Johnson说，之前的工作分析过雪崩的次声，但从未分析过冰的次声；以及第三段中的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.”但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者；和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.”随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌。可知，从第二和第三段我们知道研究人员正试图利用次声探测冰崩。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain.”研究人员经常使用雷达来跟踪冰雪崩，这种方法精确但昂贵，而且只能监测一个特定的位置和邻近的雪崩路径。马尔凯蒂说，次声探测技术成本更低，可以探测到更广阔的区域附近的断裂事件，以及山脉上的多次雪崩。可知，和雷达相比次声探测的优势是能接收更大范围内的信号。故选C。
6．考查代词指代。根据第四段中的“It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. ”然而，苏黎世联邦理工学院的冰川学家Malgorzata Chmiel说，在没有额外测量的情况下，将一个信号分解成它的组成部分(如交通噪音、单独的雪崩和附近的地震)是一项挑战。可推知，this指代“区分信号的成分”，即马尔凯蒂使用的模型是区分信号成分的初步近似（该模型能区分出信号的不同成分）。故选A。
7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche's(崩塌)critical characteristics.”但这些振动是计算冰崩临界特性的关键；以及第三段中的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.”但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者；和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.”随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌。可知，冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。“冰川低语”可以作为本文标题，吸引读者。故选B。
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．D
11．A
12．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了visa医疗预约的要求和检查时的注意事项。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
8．考查细节理解。根据Visa Medical Appointment部分中的“For your appointment you must bring”预约时你必须带；以及“HAP ID (体检号) and your e-Medical Referral Letter”体检号还有你的电子医疗推荐信。可知，预约时必须携带电子医疗推荐信，所以说，为了预约，申请者应该携带医疗推荐信。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据At visa medical assessment部分中的“If you are having an x-ray, you will be asked to remove all necklaces and neck chains and tie long hair back.”如果你正在接受x光检查，你会被要求摘下所有的项链和颈圈，并把长发绑在后面。可知，x光检查时需要摘下项链等所有珠宝，所以说，x光检查时需要摘掉所有珠宝。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据Menstruation (生理期)部分中的“If you have booked your appointment when menstruating, please go online to reschedule your appointment so it falls 4—6 days after you have finished menstruating.”如果你在生理期时预约了，请上网重新安排你的预约，这样可以在你完成生理期后4-6天预约。可知，生理期是女性经历的特殊时期，如果在生理期时预约了，可以推后预约，在完成生理期后4-6天预约，可推断，因月经推迟预约是针对女性的特殊信息。故选D。
11．考查细节理解。根据Blood Test部分中的“You are required to have a blood test, please eat and drink as normal before your appointment.”你需要验血，预约前请正常饮食。可知，在医疗预约前可以正常饮食，所以说，“你可以在医疗预约前正常饮食”这一项符合文章内容，故选A。
12．考查细节理解。根据At visa medical assessment部分中的“We recommend that female applicants NOT wear a dress or clothing which is difficult to remove to the appointment.”我们建议女性申请人不要穿连衣裙或难以脱下的衣服去医疗预约。可知，visa医疗预约中不能穿长裙或难以脱下的衣服，所以说，visa医疗预约中不能穿长裙。故选B。
【答案】13．C
14．D
15．B
16．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现人际关系对于幸福是重要的，特别是与爱着的人的关系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段“They found the most important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the people you love.”他们发现，随着时间的推移，这些人的幸福和健康程度的最重要的方面是他们的人际关系。换句话说：生活中寻找幸福的关键在于你爱的人。可知，要想获得幸福，人际关系非常重要，特别是与你爱的人的关系，可推断，要珍惜与你爱的人在一起的时间。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“However, the study only included men, and important gender differences exist in how people experience relationships.”然而，这项研究只包括了男性，并且人们如何体验关系存在重要的性别差异；以及“So it's possible that having close relationships throughout their lives might affect men differently than women.”因此，终生保持亲密关系可能会对男性和女性产生不同的影响。可知，这项研究只针对男性，而男性和女性在保持和体验人际关系方面存在不同，因此推断这项发现或许不适用女性。故选D。
15．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately for the youngest generations, recent surveys found that young Americans are lonelier than older generations. ”不幸的是，对最年轻的一代人来说，最近的调查发现，年轻的美国人比老一辈人更孤独。可知，最年轻的一代是不幸的是因为他们在社交方面是更孤独的。故选B。
16．考查主旨大意。通读全文并结合第三段“They found the most important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the people you love.” 他们发现，随着时间的推移，这些人的幸福和健康程度的最重要的方面是他们的人际关系。换句话说：在生活中找到幸福是和你爱的人有关的。可知，文章主语讲述了研究表明人际关系对于幸福的重要的，特别是与你爱的人的关系，“亲密的关系使生活幸福”适合做文章标题。故选A。
【答案】17．F；18．D；19．C；20．A；21．E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，给出了一些做志愿工作的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
17．根据空后“Many of these schemes are advertised on legal websites, but even these can have hosts who take advantage of them. These people will advertise something that simply isn’t true and when you arrive the arrangement may be different from what you expected. ”许多这样的计划都在合法网站上做广告，但即使是这些计划也可能有很多人利用它们。这些人会宣传一些根本不真实的东西，当你到达时，他们的安排可能与你预期的不同。可知，本段建议我们不要盲目相信网上关于志愿工作的广告。 F. Don't believe everything you read on the Internet. “不要相信你在网上看到的一切”可以作为本段的小标题。故选F。
18．根据本段小标题“Choose somewhere with a lot of positive reviews. ”选择一个有很多正面评价的地方。可知，选择正面评论多的地方是因为人们都喜欢。 D. And positive reviews indicate people enjoyed it. “好评表明人们喜欢它”符合语境，故选D。
19．根据本段小标题“Bring a friend or a few. ”带上一个或几个朋友，可知，本段建议作志愿者工作时带上朋友一起；以及空后“And it's good to have a partner if you end up in a difficult situation. ”如果你陷入困境，有个搭档是件好事。可推知，空处也应陈述带上朋友一起的好处。 C. It can be nice to have a familiar face around. “身边有一张熟悉的面孔是件好事”符合语境。故选C。
20．根据空后“In one place where I volunteered, a team member complained about having to work a few hours a day. He didn’t seem to realize it was a small(or no)price to pay to live in a hotel with food and a swimming pool for free. ”在我做志愿者的一个地方，一名团队成员抱怨每天必须工作几个小时。他似乎没有意识到，住在一家免费提供食物和游泳池的酒店，这是一个很小(或根本没有)的代价)。可知，有时我们会抱怨工作时间太长。由此推知，本段建议如果不打算工作的话就不要去做志愿者。 A. Only go if you intend to work. “只有你想工作的时候才去”符合语境，故选A。
21．根据空前“If you like the work and you’re getting free food and accommodation, why leave ”如果你喜欢这份工作，还能得到免费的食宿，为什么要离开呢 。可知，有了好的工作就不要急着离开去寻找更好的工作，这山望着那山高。 E. The grass isn't always greener on the other side. “另一边的草并不总是更绿”形象地比喻了有了好工作还着急离开的情况。故选E。
【答案】22．B；23．C；24．D；25．B；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．A；30．B；31．D；32．A；33．D；34．A；35．C；36．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者二十年前在纽约居住时找不到满意的工作，以驾驶校车为生，但一位小女孩让他保管的一个耳环上刻着的“BE HAPPY”字样让自己醒悟，他改变了对生活的看法，最终找到了理想的工作。本文告诉我们在生活中要快乐。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及状语从句，动词，名词，形容词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
22．句意：虽然我有很多经验和一个硕士学位，我不能找到令人满意的工作。A.As“当……时候”；B.Though“虽然，尽管”；C.If“如果”；D.When“当……时候”。根据语境可知，此处需用连词though引导让步状语从句。故选B。
23．句意：虽然我有很多经验和一个硕士学位，我不能找到令人满意的工作。A. successful“成功的”；B.extra“额外的”；C.satisfying“令人满意的”；D. convenient“方便的”。根据下文“I was driving a school bus to make ends meet ”可知，因为找不到令人满意的工作，作者去开校车谋生。故选C。
24．句意：我开着一辆校车勉强维持生计，和一个朋友住在一起，因为我失去了我的公寓。A. working“工作”；B.travelling“旅行”；C.discussing“讨论”；D.living“居住”。根据空后“for I had lost my flat.”可知，因为作者失去了公寓，所以他要和一个朋友住在一起。故选D。
25．句意：我参加了一家公司的五次面试，但他们说我没有得到那份工作。A. prepared for“准备”；B.attended“参加”；C.asked for“向……要”；D.held“举办”。根据空后“but they said I did not get the job.”可知，作者参加了这家公司的五次面试，但还是没有得到那份工作。故选B。
26．句意：“为什么我的生活变得如此艰难 ”我痛苦地想。A. hard“艰苦的，困难的”；B.busy“忙碌的”；C.serious“严重的”；D.short“短的”。根据上文可知，作者找不到工作，开校车维持生计，可推知，作者的生活艰难。故选A。
27．句意：当我把车停在路边让一个小女孩下车时，她递给我一只耳环，说我应该留着，以防有人来认领。A. wave at“朝……挥手”； B.drop off“让……下车”；C.call on“拜访”；D.look for“寻找”。根据空前“As I pulled the bus over”可知，作者把车停路边让女孩下车。故选B。
28．句意：当我把车停在路边让一个小女孩下车时，她递给我一只耳环，说我应该留着，以防有人来认领。A. ordering“订购”；B.promising“承诺”；C.saying“说”；D.showing“展示”。根据空前“she handed me an earring”可知，女孩给作者一只耳环，并说了一些话。故选C。
29．句意：当我把车停在路边让一个小女孩下车时，她递给我一只耳环，说我应该留着，以防有人来认领。A.in case“以防”；B.or else“要不然”；C.as if“好像”；D.now that“既然，由于”。根据语境可知，此处需用in case引导状语从句，表示以防有人来认领。故选A。
30．句意：然后我突然意识到——我把我所有的注意力都放在我生活中不好的地方，而不是正确的地方!A. feelings“感情”；B.attention“注意力”；C.strength“力量”； D.interests“兴趣”。根据上文可知，作者总是把自己的注意力放在不好的事情上。故选B。
31．句意：然后我突然意识到——我把我所有的注意力都放在我生活中不好的地方，而不是正确的地方!A. opinions“观点”；B.education“教育”；C.experiences“经历”；D.life“生活”。根据下文“I completely changed my life.”可知，作者把注意力放在生活中不好的事情上。故选D。
32．句意：我决定列一个清单，列出我喜欢的50件事。A. list“清单”；B.book“书”；C.check“检查”；D.copy“复制品”。根据空后“fifty things I was happy with .”可知，作者列出了一个清单，上面写了作者喜欢的50件事情。故选A。
33．句意：后来，我决定在清单上添加更多的东西。A. connect“连接”；B.turn“转身”；C.keep“保持”；D．add“添加”。根据空后“more things to the list.”可知，此处指在清单上添加更多作者喜欢的事情。故选D。
34．句意：那天晚上，一家大医院的院长打电话找我。A. hospital“医院”；B.factory“工厂”；C.restaurant“饭店”；D.hotel“旅馆”。根据空后“200 medical workers.”可知，医院院长打电话找作者。故选A。
35．句意：她问我是否愿意给200名医务工作者做一个关于压力管理的讲座。A. for“为了”；B.with“和……一起”；C.on“关于”；D.beyond“超过”。此处表示关于压力管理的讲座，需用介词on。故选C。
36．句意：我在医院演讲的那天过得很顺利，不久我就找到了一份收入不错的工作。A. plan“计划”；B.choice“选择”；C.day“天”；D.tour“旅行”。根据上文“ She asked me if I would give a lecture 14 stress management to 200 medical workers. I said yes. ”可知，作者在医院的那天演讲很顺利。故选C。
37．【答案】①删除been ②by→into ③graduating→graduated ④study→studying ⑤在cure前加to ⑥what→which ⑦is→was ⑧women→woman ⑨proudly→proud ⑩the→an
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍著名女化学家、女科学家屠呦呦。
（1）句意：屠呦呦，著名女化学家、女科学家，1930年出生于浙江省。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“出生在……”，应用be born，故将been删除。
（2）句意：1951年考入北京大学，主修医学，1955年毕业。be admitted into固定短语，“被……录取”，故by改为into。
（3）句意：1951年考入北京大学，主修医学，1955年毕业。根据句子结构和连词and可知，此处与was一致，作谓语。根据时间状语In 1951可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词应变过去式。故graduating改为graduated。
（4）句意：从那时起，她一直致力于研究中医和现代西医。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be devoted to doing sth.，表示“致力于做某事”，应用动名词，作宾语，故study改为studying。
（5）句意：1972年，为了治愈疟疾患者，她成功地从一种中草药中发现并开发了青蒿素，并因此获得了许多大奖。根据句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，此处表示“为了治愈疟疾患者”，应用不定式，作目的状语，故在cure前加to。
（6）句意：1972年，为了治愈疟疾患者，她成功地从一种中草药中发现并开发了青蒿素，并因此获得了许多大奖。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，引导词指代she succeeded in discovering and developing Qinghaosu out of a Chinese herb cure those patients of malaria，并作for的宾语，故用which引导，故what改为which。
（7）句意：她于2015年10月5日获得诺贝尔医学奖，成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。根据句意及on October 5th, 2015可知，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词应变过去式，故is改为was。
（8）句意：她于2015年10月5日获得诺贝尔医学奖，成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。根据句意及the first可知，此句指“屠呦呦成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家”，应用名词单数woman，故women改为woman。
（9）句意：我们所有中国人都为她和她的成就感到自豪。be proud of，固定短语，“以……为傲”，应用形容词proud，故将proudly改为proud。
（10）句意：她确实为我们学生树立了一个极好的榜样。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句表示“树立了一个极好的榜样”，故用不定冠词。excellent是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an，故the改为an。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及介词，时态，非谓语动词，定语从句，时态，名词，形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
【答案】38．with；39．pressing；40．castles；41．which；42．true
【知识点】短文填词
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能未来的发展。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词，非谓语动词，名词，定语从句，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
38．句意：想象一下，某天早上醒来，你可以选择躺在床上，按下一个按钮，让机器人为你做所有的工作。根据句意可知，此处表示“有……的选择”，表伴随，应用介词with。故填with。
39．句意：想象一下，某天早上醒来，你可以选择躺在床上，按下一个按钮，让机器人为你做所有的工作。根据设空处前的并列连词and可知，此处与前面的staying in bed为并列结构，所以此处也用doing形式；结合句意可知，此处表示“按下按钮”，应用动词press。故填pressing。
40．句意：这看起来像是空中楼阁，但考虑到人工智能的发展速度，未来这样的梦想可能真的会实现。根据句意可知，此处表示“空中楼阁”，常用短语build castles in the air。故填castles。
41．句意：这看起来像是空中楼阁，但考虑到人工智能的发展速度，未来这样的梦想可能真的会实现。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的名词the rate，结合设空处前的at可知，这是一个介词+关系词引导的定语从句，关系词在句中作宾语，先行词为物，应用which引导。故填which。
42．句意：这看起来像是空中楼阁，但考虑到人工智能的发展速度，未来这样的梦想可能真的会实现。come true固定短语，“实现”，故填true。
43．【答案】 Good morning, everyone. Wild animals are close friends of human beings. Their existence makes the whole world lively and colorful. We should protect wild animals because a lot of wild animals will become extinct. So it is high time that active and effective measures should be taken.
As students, we can let more people know the importance of protecting wild animals and expose the illegal killing of wild animals. We make an appeal to the public that more people study and publicize the information about wild animals and keep it in mind that protecting animals is the duty of everyone. After all, protecting animals is protecting ourselves.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一篇小组发言稿。写作背景：英语课上，老师要求就 "Protecting wild animals" 进行分组讨论 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）保护野生动物的必要性；2）保护措施；3）发出呼吁。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： We should protect wild animals because a lot of wild animals will become extinct.运用了原因状语从句； So it is high time that active and effective measures should be taken.运用了固定句式it is high time that...，虚拟语气； We make an appeal to the public that more people study and publicize the information about wild animals and keep it in mind that protecting animals is the duty of everyone.运用了同位语从句，宾语从句，it作形式主语； After all, protecting animals is protecting ourselves.运用了动名词作主语。
乌鲁木齐市达坂城区四校联考 2022-2023学年高二下学期英语开学考试试题
一、阅读理解（共32分）
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
The world's craziest
festivals
Crazy festivals all
over the world are out there just waiting to be celebrated. Join Cornelia
Kumfert on a trip to the most unusual events taking place around the globe.
Burning Man Festival
Every year in Nevada
(US) there is artwork and cunosities galore to marvel at when the Black Rock
Desert changes into a mammoth art exhibition.
In August and
September, some 70,00 people come here to celetrate the Burning Man Festival.
San Diego Comic Con
Surely superheroes don't
queue Well, at San Diego's Comic Convention they do. Each July hey open their
dos to fans of Superman and other comic figures. More than 100,000 annual
visitors have paid homage to their mythical heroes.
Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo
At the Crying Baby
Festival in Tokyo (Japan), sumo wrestlers do what they can to bring babies to
tears.
Sadists run riot
Certainly not! It's a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese proverb, which
says that crying babies grow fastest and parents believe the event brings good
health to their children.
Palio Contest, Siena
Fame and honour await
the winner of the Palio contest in Siena (Italy).
In July and August,
ten inhabitants of different districts of the city jockey for first place in a
spectacular horse race.
The trophy goes to the
contestant whose horse crosses the finishing line first—whether he's still in
the saddle or not.
1．Which of the festivals offers a view of art
A．Burning Man Festival. B．Palio Contest, Siena.
C．Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo. D．San Diego Comic Con.
2．How was the festival in Tokyo founded
A．On the basis of a proverb. B．Based on a phrase.
C．According to a story. D．At the request of the public.
3．What can tourists see in Siena of Italy between July and August
A．A burning man show. B．A comedy play.
C．A horse race. D．A baby-crying show.
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．C
【知识点】细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了世界上几个最疯狂的节日的活动地点及内容。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Burning Man Festival部分中的“Every year in Nevada (US) there is artwork and curiosities galore to marvel at when the Black Rock Desert changes into a mammoth art exhibition.”每年在内华达州（美国），当黑岩沙漠变成一个庞大的艺术展览时，都会有大量的艺术品和珍品让人惊叹。可知，在Burning Man Festival这个节日期间可以欣赏到艺术品。故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据Crying Baby Festival, Tokyo部分中的“It's a 400-year-old tradition based on a Japanese proverb”它是一个有着400年传统基于日本的一句谚语而产生的节日。可知，日本的Crying Baby Festival这一节日来源于谚语。故选A。
3．考查细节理解。根据Palio Contest, Siena部分中“In July and August, ten inhabitants of different districts of the city jockey for first place in a spectacular horse race.”7月和8月，该市不同地区的十名居民在一场壮观的赛马中争夺第一名。可知，游客们7、8月在意大利的锡耶纳可以看到赛马。故选C。
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
When a chunk of ice
fell from a collapsing glacier(冰川)on the
Swiss Alps' Mount Eiger in 2017, part of the long deep sound it produced was
too low for human ears to detect. But these vibrations held a key to
calculating the ice avalanche's(崩塌)critical
characteristics.
Low-frequency sound
waves called infrasound that travel great distances through the atmosphere are
already used to monitor active volcanoes from afar. Now some researchers in
this field have switched focus from fire to ice: dangerous blocks snapping off
glaciers. Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never
ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. "This was
different," Johnson says. "A signature of a new material has been
detected with infrasound."
Usually glaciers move
far too slowly to generate an infrasound signal, which researchers pick up
using detectors that track slight changes in air pressure. But a collapse—a
sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific
infrasound producer. Glacial collapses drive ice avalanches, which pose an
increasing threat to people in mountainous regions as rising temperatures
weaken large fields of ice. A glacier "can become detached from the ground
due to melting, causing bigger break— offs," says University of Florence
geologist Emanuele Marchetti, lead author of the new study. As the threat
grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.
Researchers often use
radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor
only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound,
Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much
broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain. It is
challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic
noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional
measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. "The model
used by Marchetti is a first approximation for this," she says.
Isolating the relevant signal helps the researchers monitor an ice avalanche's
speed, path and volume from afar using infrasound.
Marchetti and his
colleagues are now working to improve their detectors to pick up more signals
across at-risk regions in Europe, and they have set up collaborations around
the continent to better understand signals that collapsing glaciers produce.
They are also refining their mathematical analysis to figure out each ice
cascade's physical details.
4．What can we learn from Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 3
A．Infrasound has a major role to play in discovering new materials.
B．Ice avalanches are a bigger threat to people than volcanic eruptions.
C．Researchers are trying to use infrasound in detecting ice avalanches.
D．Scientists employ infrasound more in mountain areas than in other places.
5．Which is an advantage of infrasound over radar
A．The combination with other relevant signals.
B．The accuracy in locating a certain avalanche.
C．The ability in picking up signals in wider areas.
D．The sensitivity in tracking air pressure changes.
6．The underlined word "this" in Paragraph 4 refers to________.
A．distinguishing different components of a signal
B．detecting multiple avalanches at the same time
C．calculating the speed and path of ice avalanches
D．monitoring the specific location of ice break—offs
7．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage
A．From Fire to Ice B．Glacier Whispers
C．Nature is Warning D．Secret of Ice Avalanches
【答案】4．C
5．C
6．A
7．B
【知识点】主旨大意题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Previous work has analyzed infrasound from snow avalanches but never ice, says Boise State University geophysicist Jeffrey Johnson. ”博伊西州立大学的地球物理学家Jeffrey Johnson说，之前的工作分析过雪崩的次声，但从未分析过冰的次声；以及第三段中的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.”但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者；和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.”随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌。可知，从第二和第三段我们知道研究人员正试图利用次声探测冰崩。故选C。
5．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Researchers often use radar to track ice avalanches, which is precise but expensive and can monitor only one specific location and neighboring avalanche paths. Infrasound, Marchetti says, is cheaper and can detect break—off events around a much broader area as well as multiple avalanches across a mountain.”研究人员经常使用雷达来跟踪冰雪崩，这种方法精确但昂贵，而且只能监测一个特定的位置和邻近的雪崩路径。马尔凯蒂说，次声探测技术成本更低，可以探测到更广阔的区域附近的断裂事件，以及山脉上的多次雪崩。可知，和雷达相比次声探测的优势是能接收更大范围内的信号。故选C。
6．考查代词指代。根据第四段中的“It is challenging, however, to separate a signal into its components (such as traffic noises, individual avalanches and nearby earthquakes) without additional measurements, says ETH Zurich glaciologist Malgorzata Chmiel. ”然而，苏黎世联邦理工学院的冰川学家Malgorzata Chmiel说，在没有额外测量的情况下，将一个信号分解成它的组成部分(如交通噪音、单独的雪崩和附近的地震)是一项挑战。可推知，this指代“区分信号的成分”，即马尔凯蒂使用的模型是区分信号成分的初步近似（该模型能区分出信号的不同成分）。故选A。
7．考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“But these vibrations held a key to calculating the ice avalanche's(崩塌)critical characteristics.”但这些振动是计算冰崩临界特性的关键；以及第三段中的“But a collapse—a sudden, rapid breaking of ice from the glacier's main body—is a prolific infrasound producer.”但是冰川的崩塌——冰川主体的冰突然迅速断裂——是大量次声的产生者；和“As the threat grows, scientists seek new ways to monitor and detect such collapses.”随着威胁的增加，科学家们寻求新的方法来监测和探测这种崩塌。可知，冰崩会发出大量的次声波，研究人员正在尝试用次声探测技术来检测和探测冰崩。“冰川低语”可以作为本文标题，吸引读者。故选B。
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
Visa Medical Appointment
For your appointment you must bring:
·Your valid original passport. Driving license is not accepted.
·HAP ID (体检号) and your e-Medical Referral Letter.
·Prescription glasses or contact lenses.
·Any specialist's reports about your medical condition.
At visa medical assessment
·A phone interpreter will be made available upon request.
·You will be required to change into a medical shirt provided for your visa medical assessment. We recommend that female applicants NOT wear a dress or clothing which is difficult to remove to the appointment.
·If you are having an x-ray, you will be asked to remove all necklaces and neck chains and tie long hair back. We request valuables not be brought to the assessment. Change rooms and lockers will be available to store your belongings, including your mobile phone which must be kept in a locker during your assessment.
Important information for your appointment
Blood Test
You are required to have a blood test, please eat and drink as normal before your appointment. There is no need to fast.
Arriving for your appointment
Please arrive on time for your appointment and allow approximately 2 hours for your assessment to be completed.
Pregnancy
If you are pregnant, please call our contact centre on 1300794919 as it may affect you being able to proceed with the assessment.
Menstruation (生理期)
If you have booked your appointment when menstruating, please go online to reschedule your appointment so it falls 4—6 days after you have finished menstruating.
For more information
Please visit our website www..au
Bupa Medical Visa Services Customer Service
8．What should applicants take for the appointment
A．Driving license. B．Passport copy.
C．Medical Referral Letter. D．Sun glasses.
9．What is required to do during the x-ray
A．To take off all jewellery. B．To have long hair cut.
C．To have on formal clothing. D．To take a mobile phone along.
10．Which is the special information for women
A．Eating and drinking as normal.
B．Keeping secret about the pregnancy.
C．Allowing at least two hours for the test.
D．Delaying the appointment due to menstruation.
11．Which of the following is true according to the passage
A．You can eat and drink as normal before the medical appointment.
B．Pregnancy doesn't affect the assessment.
C．Driving license is acceptable for the appointment.
D．You are allowed to wear neck chains when having an X-ray.
12．What can't be brought to the visa medical appointment
A．soft drinks B．a long dress C．a mobile phone D．a sandwich
【答案】8．C
9．A
10．D
11．A
12．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；时文广告类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了visa医疗预约的要求和检查时的注意事项。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
8．考查细节理解。根据Visa Medical Appointment部分中的“For your appointment you must bring”预约时你必须带；以及“HAP ID (体检号) and your e-Medical Referral Letter”体检号还有你的电子医疗推荐信。可知，预约时必须携带电子医疗推荐信，所以说，为了预约，申请者应该携带医疗推荐信。故选C。
9．考查细节理解。根据At visa medical assessment部分中的“If you are having an x-ray, you will be asked to remove all necklaces and neck chains and tie long hair back.”如果你正在接受x光检查，你会被要求摘下所有的项链和颈圈，并把长发绑在后面。可知，x光检查时需要摘下项链等所有珠宝，所以说，x光检查时需要摘掉所有珠宝。故选A。
10．考查推理判断。根据Menstruation (生理期)部分中的“If you have booked your appointment when menstruating, please go online to reschedule your appointment so it falls 4—6 days after you have finished menstruating.”如果你在生理期时预约了，请上网重新安排你的预约，这样可以在你完成生理期后4-6天预约。可知，生理期是女性经历的特殊时期，如果在生理期时预约了，可以推后预约，在完成生理期后4-6天预约，可推断，因月经推迟预约是针对女性的特殊信息。故选D。
11．考查细节理解。根据Blood Test部分中的“You are required to have a blood test, please eat and drink as normal before your appointment.”你需要验血，预约前请正常饮食。可知，在医疗预约前可以正常饮食，所以说，“你可以在医疗预约前正常饮食”这一项符合文章内容，故选A。
12．考查细节理解。根据At visa medical assessment部分中的“We recommend that female applicants NOT wear a dress or clothing which is difficult to remove to the appointment.”我们建议女性申请人不要穿连衣裙或难以脱下的衣服去医疗预约。可知，visa医疗预约中不能穿长裙或难以脱下的衣服，所以说，visa医疗预约中不能穿长裙。故选B。
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）阅读短文，回答问题
The key to a happy
life has nothing to do with getting ahead at work, making money, or traveling
the world. Instead, living your best life and creating meaning is all about one
thing: relationships.
A study of adult
development has been running at Harvard since 1938, and is now on its second
generation of participants—the children of the original study's subjects. Over
decades, the research team collected data about their lives, including their
physical and mental health, marital (婚姻的)
status and quality, career happiness, etc.
They found the most
important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their
relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the
people you love.
The research doesn't
only include romantic relationships and marriage. Quality, close relationships
are important whether they are in the situation of romantic relationships or
closeness between friends or family members. The kind of relationship you have
is less important than how close you feel with them.
However, the study
only included men, and important gender differences exist in how people
experience relationships. Some research suggests that men may benefit more from
marriage. But they tend to have a harder time keeping friendships; as men get
older, they will more likely say they have nobody to discuss important subjects
with. So it's possible that having close relationships throughout their lives
might affect men differently than women.
The findings line up
with the effects of loneliness. People who are socially isolated have a greater
likelihood of strokes (中风), heart
attacks, and higher blood pressure, not to mention mental health issues.
Unfortunately for the
youngest generations, recent surveys found that young Americans are lonelier
than older generations. That will likely have a big impact on how healthy and
happy people feel throughout their lives.
13．What's the moral lesson from this passage
A．Travel far and wide to learn a lot.
B．Keep an open mind to be creative.
C．Treasure your time with your loved ones.
D．Work hard to be the best of your profession.
14．What's the implication of Paragraph 5
A．Women are unwilling to participate in the study.
B．Men are better at maintaining a close relationship.
C．Women are not treated equally in scientific research.
D．The findings of the study may not be true for women.
15．Why is the youngest generation unfortunate
A．Because they have nobody to talk to.
B．Because they are more socially isolated.
C．Because they can't keep their relationships.
D．Because they suffer physically and mentally.
16．What is the best title for the text
A．Close Relationships Make a Happy Life
B．Men Look Forward to Close Relationships
C．Close Relationships Ensure People's Health
D．Men and Women Differ in Keeping Relationships
【答案】13．C
14．D
15．B
16．A
【知识点】主旨大意题；推理判断题；细节理解题；科普环保类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现人际关系对于幸福是重要的，特别是与爱着的人的关系。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
13．考查推理判断。根据第三段“They found the most important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the people you love.”他们发现，随着时间的推移，这些人的幸福和健康程度的最重要的方面是他们的人际关系。换句话说：生活中寻找幸福的关键在于你爱的人。可知，要想获得幸福，人际关系非常重要，特别是与你爱的人的关系，可推断，要珍惜与你爱的人在一起的时间。故选C。
14．考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“However, the study only included men, and important gender differences exist in how people experience relationships.”然而，这项研究只包括了男性，并且人们如何体验关系存在重要的性别差异；以及“So it's possible that having close relationships throughout their lives might affect men differently than women.”因此，终生保持亲密关系可能会对男性和女性产生不同的影响。可知，这项研究只针对男性，而男性和女性在保持和体验人际关系方面存在不同，因此推断这项发现或许不适用女性。故选D。
15．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately for the youngest generations, recent surveys found that young Americans are lonelier than older generations. ”不幸的是，对最年轻的一代人来说，最近的调查发现，年轻的美国人比老一辈人更孤独。可知，最年轻的一代是不幸的是因为他们在社交方面是更孤独的。故选B。
16．考查主旨大意。通读全文并结合第三段“They found the most important aspect in how happy and healthy these men were over time was their relationships. In other words: Finding happiness in life is all about the people you love.” 他们发现，随着时间的推移，这些人的幸福和健康程度的最重要的方面是他们的人际关系。换句话说：在生活中找到幸福是和你爱的人有关的。可知，文章主语讲述了研究表明人际关系对于幸福的重要的，特别是与你爱的人的关系，“亲密的关系使生活幸福”适合做文章标题。故选A。
二、七选五（共10分）
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）任务型阅读
Top tips for students doing voluntary holiday work
I have had some of the best and worst experiences of my life doing volunteers projects. Having taken part in a few such programs before, here are some tips I have picked up.
17．
Many of these schemes are advertised on legal websites, but even these can have hosts who take advantage of them. These people will advertise something that simply isn't true and when you arrive the arrangement may be different from what you expected.
Choose somewhere with a lot of positive reviews.
Many sites that advertise work projects have a space for reviews. Reviews tend to mean people have been there. 18． Again, be cautious because reviews can be faked. Besides, what one person loves may not be your cup of tea.
Bring a friend or a few.
19． And it's good to have a partner if you end up in a difficult situation. Try to find a friend with some good skills to travel with you. Trade skills can be very useful.
20．
In one place where I volunteered, a team member complained about having to work a few hours a day. He didn't seem to realize it was a small(or no)price to pay to live in a hotel with food and a swimming pool for free.
If you find a good place, don't move on too soon.
If you like the work and you're getting free food and accommodation, why leave 21．
Anyway, volunteering is an amazing experience. Enjoy it.
A. Only go if you intend to work. B. Learn the language of where you are going. C. It can be nice to have a familiar face around. D. And positive reviews indicate people enjoyed it. E. The grass isn't always greener on the other side. F. Don't believe everything you read on the Internet. G. People are likely to ask you to help them with their projects.
【答案】17．F；18．D；19．C；20．A；21．E
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，给出了一些做志愿工作的建议。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
17．根据空后“Many of these schemes are advertised on legal websites, but even these can have hosts who take advantage of them. These people will advertise something that simply isn’t true and when you arrive the arrangement may be different from what you expected. ”许多这样的计划都在合法网站上做广告，但即使是这些计划也可能有很多人利用它们。这些人会宣传一些根本不真实的东西，当你到达时，他们的安排可能与你预期的不同。可知，本段建议我们不要盲目相信网上关于志愿工作的广告。 F. Don't believe everything you read on the Internet. “不要相信你在网上看到的一切”可以作为本段的小标题。故选F。
18．根据本段小标题“Choose somewhere with a lot of positive reviews. ”选择一个有很多正面评价的地方。可知，选择正面评论多的地方是因为人们都喜欢。 D. And positive reviews indicate people enjoyed it. “好评表明人们喜欢它”符合语境，故选D。
19．根据本段小标题“Bring a friend or a few. ”带上一个或几个朋友，可知，本段建议作志愿者工作时带上朋友一起；以及空后“And it's good to have a partner if you end up in a difficult situation. ”如果你陷入困境，有个搭档是件好事。可推知，空处也应陈述带上朋友一起的好处。 C. It can be nice to have a familiar face around. “身边有一张熟悉的面孔是件好事”符合语境。故选C。
20．根据空后“In one place where I volunteered, a team member complained about having to work a few hours a day. He didn’t seem to realize it was a small(or no)price to pay to live in a hotel with food and a swimming pool for free. ”在我做志愿者的一个地方，一名团队成员抱怨每天必须工作几个小时。他似乎没有意识到，住在一家免费提供食物和游泳池的酒店，这是一个很小(或根本没有)的代价)。可知，有时我们会抱怨工作时间太长。由此推知，本段建议如果不打算工作的话就不要去做志愿者。 A. Only go if you intend to work. “只有你想工作的时候才去”符合语境，故选A。
21．根据空前“If you like the work and you’re getting free food and accommodation, why leave ”如果你喜欢这份工作，还能得到免费的食宿，为什么要离开呢 。可知，有了好的工作就不要急着离开去寻找更好的工作，这山望着那山高。 E. The grass isn't always greener on the other side. “另一边的草并不总是更绿”形象地比喻了有了好工作还着急离开的情况。故选E。
三、完形填空（共30分）
（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）完形填空
Around twenty years
ago I was living in New York. 22． I had a lot of experience
and a Master's degree，I couldn't find 23． work.
I was driving a school
bus to make ends meet and 24． with a friend, for I had lost my flat. I
had 25． five interviews with a company but they
said I did not get the job." Why has my life become so 26． "
I thought painfully.
As I pulled the bus
over to 27． a little girl，she handed me an earring 28． I should keep it 29． somebody
claimed (认领) it. The earring was painted black and said
"BE HAPPY".
At first I got angry.
Then it hit me—I had been giving all of my 30． to what was going wrong
with my 31． rather than what was right！I decided to make a 32． of fifty things I was happy with .Later，I decided to 33． more things to the list. That night
there was a phone call for me from a director at a large 34． .She
asked me if I would give a lecture 35． stress management to 200 medical
workers. I said yes.
My 36． there
went very well，and before long I got a well-paid
job .To this day I know that it was because I changed my way of thinking that I
completely changed my life.
22．A．As B．Though C．If D．When
23．A．successful B．extra C．satisfying D．convenient
24．A．working B．travelling C．discussing D．living
25．A．prepared
for B．attended C．asked for D．held
26．A．hard B．busy C．serious D．short
27．A．wave
at B．drop off C．call on D．look for
28．A．ordering B．promising C．saying D．showing
29．A．in
case B．or else C．as if D．now that
30．A．feelings B．attention C．strength D．interests
31．A．opinions B．education C．experiences D．life
32．A．list B．book C．check D．copy
33．A．connect B．turn C．keep D．add
34．A．hospital B．factory C．restaurant D．hotel
35．A．for B．with C．on D．beyond
36．A．plan B．choice C．day D．tour
【答案】22．B；23．C；24．D；25．B；26．A；27．B；28．C；29．A；30．B；31．D；32．A；33．D；34．A；35．C；36．C
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者二十年前在纽约居住时找不到满意的工作，以驾驶校车为生，但一位小女孩让他保管的一个耳环上刻着的“BE HAPPY”字样让自己醒悟，他改变了对生活的看法，最终找到了理想的工作。本文告诉我们在生活中要快乐。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及状语从句，动词，名词，形容词，介词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
22．句意：虽然我有很多经验和一个硕士学位，我不能找到令人满意的工作。A.As“当……时候”；B.Though“虽然，尽管”；C.If“如果”；D.When“当……时候”。根据语境可知，此处需用连词though引导让步状语从句。故选B。
23．句意：虽然我有很多经验和一个硕士学位，我不能找到令人满意的工作。A. successful“成功的”；B.extra“额外的”；C.satisfying“令人满意的”；D. convenient“方便的”。根据下文“I was driving a school bus to make ends meet ”可知，因为找不到令人满意的工作，作者去开校车谋生。故选C。
24．句意：我开着一辆校车勉强维持生计，和一个朋友住在一起，因为我失去了我的公寓。A. working“工作”；B.travelling“旅行”；C.discussing“讨论”；D.living“居住”。根据空后“for I had lost my flat.”可知，因为作者失去了公寓，所以他要和一个朋友住在一起。故选D。
25．句意：我参加了一家公司的五次面试，但他们说我没有得到那份工作。A. prepared for“准备”；B.attended“参加”；C.asked for“向……要”；D.held“举办”。根据空后“but they said I did not get the job.”可知，作者参加了这家公司的五次面试，但还是没有得到那份工作。故选B。
26．句意：“为什么我的生活变得如此艰难 ”我痛苦地想。A. hard“艰苦的，困难的”；B.busy“忙碌的”；C.serious“严重的”；D.short“短的”。根据上文可知，作者找不到工作，开校车维持生计，可推知，作者的生活艰难。故选A。
27．句意：当我把车停在路边让一个小女孩下车时，她递给我一只耳环，说我应该留着，以防有人来认领。A. wave at“朝……挥手”； B.drop off“让……下车”；C.call on“拜访”；D.look for“寻找”。根据空前“As I pulled the bus over”可知，作者把车停路边让女孩下车。故选B。
28．句意：当我把车停在路边让一个小女孩下车时，她递给我一只耳环，说我应该留着，以防有人来认领。A. ordering“订购”；B.promising“承诺”；C.saying“说”；D.showing“展示”。根据空前“she handed me an earring”可知，女孩给作者一只耳环，并说了一些话。故选C。
29．句意：当我把车停在路边让一个小女孩下车时，她递给我一只耳环，说我应该留着，以防有人来认领。A.in case“以防”；B.or else“要不然”；C.as if“好像”；D.now that“既然，由于”。根据语境可知，此处需用in case引导状语从句，表示以防有人来认领。故选A。
30．句意：然后我突然意识到——我把我所有的注意力都放在我生活中不好的地方，而不是正确的地方!A. feelings“感情”；B.attention“注意力”；C.strength“力量”； D.interests“兴趣”。根据上文可知，作者总是把自己的注意力放在不好的事情上。故选B。
31．句意：然后我突然意识到——我把我所有的注意力都放在我生活中不好的地方，而不是正确的地方!A. opinions“观点”；B.education“教育”；C.experiences“经历”；D.life“生活”。根据下文“I completely changed my life.”可知，作者把注意力放在生活中不好的事情上。故选D。
32．句意：我决定列一个清单，列出我喜欢的50件事。A. list“清单”；B.book“书”；C.check“检查”；D.copy“复制品”。根据空后“fifty things I was happy with .”可知，作者列出了一个清单，上面写了作者喜欢的50件事情。故选A。
33．句意：后来，我决定在清单上添加更多的东西。A. connect“连接”；B.turn“转身”；C.keep“保持”；D．add“添加”。根据空后“more things to the list.”可知，此处指在清单上添加更多作者喜欢的事情。故选D。
34．句意：那天晚上，一家大医院的院长打电话找我。A. hospital“医院”；B.factory“工厂”；C.restaurant“饭店”；D.hotel“旅馆”。根据空后“200 medical workers.”可知，医院院长打电话找作者。故选A。
35．句意：她问我是否愿意给200名医务工作者做一个关于压力管理的讲座。A. for“为了”；B.with“和……一起”；C.on“关于”；D.beyond“超过”。此处表示关于压力管理的讲座，需用介词on。故选C。
36．句意：我在医院演讲的那天过得很顺利，不久我就找到了一份收入不错的工作。A. plan“计划”；B.choice“选择”；C.day“天”；D.tour“旅行”。根据上文“ She asked me if I would give a lecture 14 stress management to 200 medical workers. I said yes. ”可知，作者在医院的那天演讲很顺利。故选C。
四、短文改错（共10分）
37．（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线 (\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Tu Youyou, a famous female
chemist and scientist, was been born in Zhejiang Province in 1930.
In 1951, she was
admitted by Beijing University, majoring in making medicine and graduating in
1955. Since then, she has been devoted to study traditional Chinese medicine
and modern western medicine. In 1972, she succeeded in discovering and
developing Qinghaosu out of a Chinese herb cure those patients of malaria, for
what she won many big awards. She is awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine on
October 5th, 2015, becoming the first Chinese women scientist to win the Nobel
Prize.
All of us Chinese are
proudly of her and her achievements. She has indeed set the excellent example
to us students.
【答案】①删除been ②by→into ③graduating→graduated ④study→studying ⑤在cure前加to ⑥what→which ⑦is→was ⑧women→woman ⑨proudly→proud ⑩the→an
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍著名女化学家、女科学家屠呦呦。
（1）句意：屠呦呦，著名女化学家、女科学家，1930年出生于浙江省。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处表示“出生在……”，应用be born，故将been删除。
（2）句意：1951年考入北京大学，主修医学，1955年毕业。be admitted into固定短语，“被……录取”，故by改为into。
（3）句意：1951年考入北京大学，主修医学，1955年毕业。根据句子结构和连词and可知，此处与was一致，作谓语。根据时间状语In 1951可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词应变过去式。故graduating改为graduated。
（4）句意：从那时起，她一直致力于研究中医和现代西医。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处考查短语be devoted to doing sth.，表示“致力于做某事”，应用动名词，作宾语，故study改为studying。
（5）句意：1972年，为了治愈疟疾患者，她成功地从一种中草药中发现并开发了青蒿素，并因此获得了许多大奖。根据句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词。根据句意，此处表示“为了治愈疟疾患者”，应用不定式，作目的状语，故在cure前加to。
（6）句意：1972年，为了治愈疟疾患者，她成功地从一种中草药中发现并开发了青蒿素，并因此获得了许多大奖。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是非限制性定语从句，引导词指代she succeeded in discovering and developing Qinghaosu out of a Chinese herb cure those patients of malaria，并作for的宾语，故用which引导，故what改为which。
（7）句意：她于2015年10月5日获得诺贝尔医学奖，成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。根据句意及on October 5th, 2015可知，时态用一般过去时，谓语动词应变过去式，故is改为was。
（8）句意：她于2015年10月5日获得诺贝尔医学奖，成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。根据句意及the first可知，此句指“屠呦呦成为首位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家”，应用名词单数woman，故women改为woman。
（9）句意：我们所有中国人都为她和她的成就感到自豪。be proud of，固定短语，“以……为傲”，应用形容词proud，故将proudly改为proud。
（10）句意：她确实为我们学生树立了一个极好的榜样。根据句意及句子结构可知，此句表示“树立了一个极好的榜样”，故用不定冠词。excellent是以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an，故the改为an。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及介词，时态，非谓语动词，定语从句，时态，名词，形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇人物类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
五、根据课文内容填空（共10分）
（2022高二上·涟水月考）课文基本知识运用
Image waking up one morning 38． the option of staying in bed and 39． a button to send a robot to do all the work for you. How cool that would be! It may seem like building 40． in the air, but given the rate at 41． artificial intelligence, or AI, is being developed, in the future such dreams may actually come 42． .
【答案】38．with；39．pressing；40．castles；41．which；42．true
【知识点】短文填词
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能未来的发展。
【点评】本题考点涉及介词，非谓语动词，名词，定语从句，形容词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
38．句意：想象一下，某天早上醒来，你可以选择躺在床上，按下一个按钮，让机器人为你做所有的工作。根据句意可知，此处表示“有……的选择”，表伴随，应用介词with。故填with。
39．句意：想象一下，某天早上醒来，你可以选择躺在床上，按下一个按钮，让机器人为你做所有的工作。根据设空处前的并列连词and可知，此处与前面的staying in bed为并列结构，所以此处也用doing形式；结合句意可知，此处表示“按下按钮”，应用动词press。故填pressing。
40．句意：这看起来像是空中楼阁，但考虑到人工智能的发展速度，未来这样的梦想可能真的会实现。根据句意可知，此处表示“空中楼阁”，常用短语build castles in the air。故填castles。
41．句意：这看起来像是空中楼阁，但考虑到人工智能的发展速度，未来这样的梦想可能真的会实现。分析句子可知，设空处在句中引导一个从句，修饰前面的名词the rate，结合设空处前的at可知，这是一个介词+关系词引导的定语从句，关系词在句中作宾语，先行词为物，应用which引导。故填which。
42．句意：这看起来像是空中楼阁，但考虑到人工智能的发展速度，未来这样的梦想可能真的会实现。come true固定短语，“实现”，故填true。
六、作文（共28分）
43．（2023高二下·达坂城开学考）
英语课上，老师要求就 "Protecting wild animals"
进行分组讨论，请你写一篇小组发言稿，内容包括：
1）保护野生动物的必要性；
2）保护措施；
3）发出呼吁。
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Good
morning, everyone.
【答案】 Good morning, everyone. Wild animals are close friends of human beings. Their existence makes the whole world lively and colorful. We should protect wild animals because a lot of wild animals will become extinct. So it is high time that active and effective measures should be taken.
As students, we can let more people know the importance of protecting wild animals and expose the illegal killing of wild animals. We make an appeal to the public that more people study and publicize the information about wild animals and keep it in mind that protecting animals is the duty of everyone. After all, protecting animals is protecting ourselves.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生写一篇小组发言稿。写作背景：英语课上，老师要求就 "Protecting wild animals" 进行分组讨论 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）保护野生动物的必要性；2）保护措施；3）发出呼吁。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： We should protect wild animals because a lot of wild animals will become extinct.运用了原因状语从句； So it is high time that active and effective measures should be taken.运用了固定句式it is high time that...，虚拟语气； We make an appeal to the public that more people study and publicize the information about wild animals and keep it in mind that protecting animals is the duty of everyone.运用了同位语从句，宾语从句，it作形式主语； After all, protecting animals is protecting ourselves.运用了动名词作主语。
